Question 1

Which colonial power coined the term &#34;Latin America&#34; in the mid-nineteenth century as a means to assert its influence?&#10;A) Spain&#10;B) Netherlands&#10;C) France&#10;D) Italy

Accepted Answer

France coined the term "Latin America" in the mid-nineteenth century to emphasize the shared Latin heritage with Latin European countries (like France, Spain, and Italy) and to assert its influence in the region, distinguishing it from the Anglo-Saxon influence of the United States and the British Empire.

Question 2

What are the two dominant languages spoken in South America?&#10;A) Spanish and French&#10;B) Spanish and English&#10;C) Spanish and Italian&#10;D) Spanish and Portuguese

Accepted Answer

The two dominant languages spoken in South America are Spanish and Portuguese. Spanish is widely spoken in most South American countries, while Portuguese is the primary language of Brazil, the largest country in the continent.

Question 3

How many distinct geographical territories comprise Latin America?&#10;A) four: the Southern Cone, the Andean Nations, Brazil, and the small states in the northwest corner.&#10;B) three: South America, Central America, and the islands of the Caribbean sea.&#10;C) four: Central America, the islands of the Caribbean Sea, Brazil, and South America.&#10;D) three: the Southern Cone, Central America, and the Antilles.

Accepted Answer

Latin America is broadly divided into three distinct geographical territories: South America, Central America, and the islands of the Caribbean Sea. These regions encompass all the countries that are considered part of Latin America.

Question 4

South America is home to&#10;A) the world's highest mountain peak.&#10;B) the world's wettest marshlands.&#10;C) the world's largest number of fresh-water lakes.&#10;D) the world's driest desert.

Accepted Answer

The Atacama Desert in South America is recognized as the world's driest desert, characterized by extremely low rainfall and moisture levels.

Question 5

Which of the following countries has English as its national language, was under the colonial supervision of the United Kingdom, and was called the &#34;British Honduras&#34; prior to independence?&#10;A) Panama&#10;B) Belize&#10;C) Jamaica&#10;D) Grenada

Accepted Answer

Belize was known as British Honduras before gaining independence in 1981. It was a British colony, and English is its official language.

Question 6

Which of these groups is NOT an indigenous people who inhabited Latin America at the time of the European Conquest?&#10;A) Aztec&#10;B) Arawak&#10;C) Carib&#10;D) Inca

Accepted Answer

The Arawak were indeed an indigenous people of Latin America, but they were present at the time of the European Conquest, contrary to the question's premise. The Aztec, Carib, and Inca were also indigenous peoples present during this period. The question asks for a group NOT indigenous at the time, but all listed options were, making the question's premise incorrect. However, based on the typical goal of identifying a group not fitting a category, none of these groups are the correct answer to the question as stated, because they were all present in Latin America at the time of European conquest. My initial response was incorrect due to a misunderstanding of the question's intent. All options listed (Aztec, Arawak, Carib, Inca) were indigenous peoples of Latin America at the time of European conquest.

Question 7

Iberian power in Europe began to wane in the&#10;A) 1400s.&#10;B) 1500s.&#10;C) 1700s.&#10;D) 1900s.

Accepted Answer

The Iberian powers, primarily Spain and Portugal, experienced a decline in their influence and power in Europe starting in the 1700s, due in part to military defeats, economic challenges, and the rise of other European powers.

Question 8

In the late-eighteenth to early-nineteenth century, the term &#34;criollos&#34; was used to describe&#10;A) American-born citizens who agitated for freedom from colonial empires.&#10;B) colonial citizens loyal to the British Crown.&#10;C) slaves born in the colonies after being brought to the New World as labor.&#10;D) South American dictators.

Accepted Answer

"Criollos" referred to people of European descent born in the Americas, who often played significant roles in movements for independence from European colonial powers.

Question 9

By the early 1800s, the Iberian royals faced which of the following obstacles to their continued rule in the Americas?&#10;A) Other powers, especially the United Kingdom, invading their colonial land holdings&#10;B) Revolts by colonists&#10;C) Their own waning power in Europe&#10;D) All of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

By the early 1800s, the Iberian royals (Spain and Portugal) faced multiple challenges to their rule in the Americas, including threats from other European powers like the United Kingdom, revolts by colonists seeking independence, and their own declining power in Europe, particularly due to the Napoleonic Wars and internal issues.

Question 10

What is the meaning of the Spanish term &#34;caudillismo&#34;?&#10;A) A political system where a rich local land owner administers the law&#10;B) Shared power between indigenous peoples and ethnic Spaniards&#10;C) A system of equal land distribution&#10;D) A neo-colonial trading structure

Accepted Answer

Caudillismo refers to a political-military system in Latin America where a local strongman, or "caudillo," holds significant power, often controlling local areas or even entire countries through a combination of military strength, patronage, and charisma. This system emerged in the 19th century following the independence of many Latin American countries from Spain, where central authority was weak and local leaders filled the power vacuum.

Question 11

According to your textbook, what became of the nineteenth-century plantation?&#10;A) They were abolished after the revolts against colonial tyranny.&#10;B) They were transformed into twentieth-century corporate farms.&#10;C) They morphed into modern-day militant terrorist groups.&#10;D) They fell apart with the end of slavery.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to your textbook, what became of...

Question 12

In Latin American studies, what is meant by &#34;dependency&#34; theory?&#10;A) Political rule in Latin America in the nineteenth century was dependent on being a caudillo, or a &#34;leader,&#34; who acquires power based on possession of large amounts of land.&#10;B) The global marketplace is an unfair trading ground for most less-developed countries.&#10;C) The system of caudillismo, one of political power, was dependent on another system, the latifundia, which was based on land ownership.&#10;D) The more dependents that a family has, the better its economic well being.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Latin American studies, what is meant...

Question 13

Which of the following represents the ISI strategy?&#10;A) Development of national industry and separation from the global economy&#10;B) An indigenous-based economic strategy designed to create greater economic parity among races and classes in the region&#10;C) The permission for immigrants from other countries to enter Latin American countries in greater numbers, to provide a larger workforce&#10;D) Lowering tariffs to encourage exports and imports

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following represents the ISI...

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of an international financial institution?&#10;A) The World Bank&#10;B) The Inter-American Development Bank&#10;C) The International Monetary Fund&#10;D) All of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 15

Which of the following was an effect of the SAPs, or structural adjustment programs, instituted by the international financial institutions in the 1980s?&#10;A) Widespread unemployment&#10;B) Triple-digit inflation&#10;C) Cuts in subsidies&#10;D) All of these are correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following was an effect...

Question 16

Which two recent neo-liberal treaties affecting a number of Latin Americas nations have struggled and failed to win public support for implementation?&#10;A) NAFTA and the TPP&#10;B) TPP and FTAA&#10;C) FTAA and NAFTA&#10;D) Only the TPP failed to win public support.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which two recent neo-liberal treaties affecting a...

Question 17

Increasing trade with ___(1)___ has made Latin America less dependent on the region's previously prominent trading partner(s) ___(2)___.&#10;A) 1 the United States; 2 China and the EU&#10;B) 1 the EU; 2 the United States&#10;C) 1 China; 2 the United States and the EU&#10;D) 1 the EU and the United States; 2 China

Accepted Answer

The answer of Increasing trade with ___(1)___ has made Latin...

Question 18

Until recently, many Latin American governments have been typically&#10;A) Social democratic&#10;B) Marxist&#10;C) Authoritarian&#10;D) Constitutional monarchies

Accepted Answer

The answer of Until recently, many Latin American governments have...

Question 19

Which countries have moved from military dictatorship to democracy?&#10;A) Argentina&#10;B) Brazil&#10;C) Chile&#10;D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which countries have moved from military dictatorship...

Question 20

What role has the United States played in promoting democracy in Latin America?&#10;A) The United States has consistently supported democratically-elected regimes in the region, despite disagreements with certain leaders.&#10;B) The United States supported some military coups in the 1960s and 1970s, but was much more supportive of leftist regimes in the 1980s and 1990s.&#10;C) The United States primarily targeted communist Cuba with anti-regime activities and was unconcerned about regimes in the rest of the region.&#10;D) The United States has consistently undermined democratically-elected Latin American governments with which it had differences, backing right-wing challengers and supporting military coups.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What role has the United States played...

Deck 12: Latin America