Deck 10: Reality Therapy

Question 1

Reality therapy began in the 1960s in a(n) ____________________ and a(n) ________________________.

A) school; church
B) correctional institution; university
C) church; a mental hospital
D) university; blue collar factory
E) a mental hospital; correctional institution

Answer 1

a mental hospital; correctional institution

Question 2

Reality therapy was founded by psychiatrist

A) Albert Ellis.
B) Aaron Beck.
C) William Glasser.
D) Alfred Bandura.
E) Carl Rogers.

Answer 2

William Glasser.

Question 3

What are the two interrelated premises upon which reality therapy is based?

A) People choose how they behave and should be held responsible for their behavior.
B) Clients will self-heal given the right therapeutic environment and the therapist should try to maintain a distance in session.
C) Clients are the products of their environments and most people have the ability to choose how they behave.
D) Most unhealthy choices derive from social relationships and social relationships are stable and rather impermeable to individual choice.
E) Cognitions control behavior and the unconscious is something that needs to be addressed for change to occur.

Answer 3

People choose how they behave and should be held responsible for their behavior.

Question 4

William Glasser was trained in

A) existential therapy.
B) behavioral therapy.
C) client-centered therapy.
D) traditional psychoanalytical theory.
E) cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Question 5

_____________________ is often called the father of American psychology.

A) William Glasser
B) Albert Ellis
C) Helmut Kaiser
D) William James
E) Sigmund Freud

Question 6

After developing specific therapeutic techniques, Glasser changed the name of his control theory to

A) cognitive-behavioral therapy.
B) choice theory.
C) client-centered theory.
D) persuasion theory.
E) action theory.

Question 7

Choice theory posits that behavior originates from _______________ and that most behaviors are chosen.

A) self-talk
B) emotions
C) within
D) cognitions
E) outside

Question 8

When reality therapy was first developed, what was its major criticism?

A) It was a therapy for the rich and famous.
B) Glasser was seen as an outsider in the psychological circles.
C) It did not take into consideration the social mores of the time.
D) It was a methodology without a theory.
E) The interventions were too confusing to be useful in working with clients.

Question 9

Applied to schools, reality therapy formed the basis of an educational program called

A) Schools Without Failure.
B) The Real School.
C) One Child, One World.
D) The School of Choice.
E) When Good Schools Go Bad.

Question 10

By whom was reality therapy most readily accepted when it first came out?

A) the psychological community
B) educators, correctional workers, and social workers
C) mental health agencies that worked with abuse victims
D) psychoanalysts who had become disillusioned
E) the psychiatric community

Question 11

Which of the following behaviors is NOT identified in the textbook as a toxic behavior of a counselor that is destructive to the counseling relationship?

A) questioning
B) criticizing
C) blaming
D) colluding with excuses
E) demeaning

Question 12

What is the key component of mental health from the reality therapy perspective?

A) stable internal constructs
B) tapping into unconscious material
C) identifying childhood conflicts and addressing them
D) engaging in positive self-talk
E) healthy human relationships that satisfy basic human needs

Question 13

Reality therapy rests on the principles of _______________ theory.

A) psychoanalytic
B) existential
C) choice
D) cognitive
E) behavioral

Question 14

The underlying principles of reality therapy and choice theory posit a system of __________________ controls through the exercise of which human beings can effectively modify victimization by outside forces.

A) behavioral
B) internal
C) cognitive
D) external
E) relational

Question 15

Choice theory grew out of ________________ control theory.

A) internal
B) traditional
C) cognitive
D) external
E) cybernetic

Question 16

__________________ are unique to each individual and develop from choices designed to satisfy needs within the context of a person's family and cultural environment.

A) Personalities
B) Wants
C) Renderings
D) Pictures
E) Thoughts

Question 17

The vision of our personal wants is called our

A) personal mural.
B) cognitive rendering.
C) optical illusion.
D) psychological composition.
E) quality world.

Question 18

___________________________ is the most controllable aspect of total behavior.

A) Personal choice
B) Action
C) Cognition
D) Emotion
E) Physiological function

Question 19

___________________________ is the least controllable aspect of total behavior.

A) Personal choice
B) Action
C) Cognition
D) Emotion
E) Physiological function

Question 20

___________________________ is the aspect of total behavior that is most conscious.

A) Personal choice
B) Action
C) Cognition
D) Emotion
E) Physiological function

Question 21

Without _________________ behavioral change is far less likely.

A) role models
B) experimentation
C) self-evaluation
D) formal therapy
E) self-esteem

Question 22

___________________ behaviors are healthy counselor behaviors that enable the client to feel safe, secure, and motivated.

A) Facilitative
B) Overt
C) Therapeutic
D) Bounded
E) Tonic

Question 23

_________________ behaviors are unhealthy counselor behaviors that cast a negative pall on the counseling process and result in client resistance rather than change.

A) Toxic
B) Selfish
C) Dyadic
D) Distant
E) Impeding

Question 24

In counselor-client relationships, reality therapists function as

A) coaches.
B) parents.
C) teachers.
D) mentors.
E) siblings.

Question 25

The application of the basic procedures of reality therapy is facilitated by Wubbolding's _____________ system.

A) schema
B) ABC
C) REALITY
D) relational
E) WDEP

Question 26

The "W" component of the WDEP system involves exploring clients'

A) motivations.
B) quality worlds.
C) self-messages.
D) childhood.
E) goals for therapy.

Question 27

Exploring the client's level of commitment to achieving his or her goals plays a central role in the application of the ________ component of Wubbolding's system.

A) W
B) D
C) E
D) P
E) R

Question 28

If a client says, "I don't want to be here," he or she is at which level of commitment?

A) no commitment at all
B) some commitment, but not likely to result in change
C) rather committed, but with an "escape hatch" likely to lead to failure
D) quite committed, but with a reserve measure of ambivalence
E) a firm commitment

Question 29

If a client says, "I will do my best," he or she is at which level of commitment?

A) no commitment at all
B) some commitment, but not likely to result in change
C) rather committed, but with an "escape hatch" likely to lead to failure
D) quite committed, but with a reserve measure of ambivalence
E) a firm commitment

Question 30

The belief that what one gets is controlled by others and outside situations is known as

A) outside influence.
B) peripheral power.
C) external locus of control.
D) outer manipulation.
E) external validation.

Question 31

When a client believes that what he or she gets is controlled by others and outside situations, he or she is likely reinforcing a ___________________ world-view.

A) realistic
B) depressing
C) multifaceted
D) self-defeating
E) generalized

Question 32

The belief that what one gets is influenced by one's own efforts and ability is known as

A) central power.
B) internal locus of control.
C) inner manipulation.
D) inside influence.
E) internal validation.

Question 33

Clients' overall ___________________ is the accumulation of where their current choices of behavior are taking them.

A) direction
B) lifestyle
C) well-being
D) therapeutic course
E) psychological passageway

Question 34

What typically accompanies ineffective or destructive behavior?

A) an inability to connect with others
B) lack of life resources
C) self-talk focusing on defeatism and powerlessness
D) an overpowering external locus of control
E) a physiological propensity for addiction

Question 35

____________________________ is the key component of the WDEP system and in behavioral change.

A) Contracting
B) Disputing
C) Self-awareness
D) A strong ego
E) Self-evaluation

Question 36

Because it influences psychological functioning and creates intense pain, which of the following, more than any other, is identified in Chapter 10 of the textbook as a place to start planning a course of action to fulfill a client's needs?

A) a lack of sense of self
B) physiological conditions
C) dysfunctional relationships
D) prejudice and oppression
E) personal locus of control

Question 37

Which of the following acronyms was developed by Wubbolding to serve as a guideline for planning a course of action?

A) REBT
B) WDEP
C) ABC
D) SAMIC3
E) EST

Question 38

The duration of reality therapy is

A) something that cannot be determined.
B) always short-term, less than four sessions.
C) typically between five and ten sessions.
D) always long-term, more than ten sessions.
E) flexible based upon the needs and progress of the client.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT an application of reality therapy supported by research evidence?

A) to specifically enhance intimacy in relationship
B) to address symptoms of PTSD
C) to increase a client's inner sense of control
D) to reduce antisocial behavior
E) to increase a client's self-determination

Question 40

____________________ research of reality therapy is particularly needed on such targets as recidivism in the corrections system and academic achievement in schools as well as change in behaviors related to mental health.

A) Qualitative
B) Impression
C) Action
D) Outcome
E) Descriptive

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT identified in the textbook as a blind spot of reality therapy?

A) Reality therapy does not take into account the influences of the unconscious on behavior and on the choices people make.
B) There is a propensity for reality therapists to overlook the here-and-now nature of behavior.
C) The therapy ignores social or environmental influences.
D) Reality therapists may miss significant influences of the past on client current behavior and functioning.
E) A rigid adherence to the principles of reality therapy might lead the therapist to miss significant influences in a client's life.

Question 42

What is Glasser's most recent controversial enterprise?

A) waging a "war" against insurance companies and third-party payers
B) advocating that all therapists, regardless of licensure status, be allowed to administer standardized psychological assessments
C) fighting for universal mental health care
D) challenging the use of psychiatric drugs in therapy
E) beginning a research agenda to prove the ineffectiveness of psychoanalysis

Question 43

Glasser suggests that the concept of ___________________ be substituted for the widely used term mental illness.

A) dysfunction
B) unrealistic
C) unhappiness
D) incapability
E) powerlessness

Question 44

List the four characteristics of educational systems that adopt the Schools Without Failure model.

Question 45

List the four principles of choice theory.

Question 46

Identify four of the five genetically encoded primary needs described by Glasser.

Question 47

How are wants and needs different?

Question 48

List the four distinct yet inseparable components of total behavior.

Question 49

List the two major objectives of reality therapists.

Question 50

Identify at least five of the eight tonic behaviors identified in the text.

Question 51

Identify at least four of the seven toxic behaviors identified in the text.

Question 52

Identify the essential components represented by the letters in the WDEP system.

Question 53

List the three parts of the exercise that comprises the "W" in the WDEP system.

Question 54

List the seven characteristics of planning as outlined by the SAMIC3 model.

Question 55

List the two ways in which the idiographic evaluation of success for particular clients in reality therapy is accomplished.