Deck 12: Juvenile Correctional Systems

Question 1

The primary purpose within the juvenile justice system is to __________.

A) protect society
B) restore the victim(s)
C) punish youth
D) treat and reform youth

Answer 1

D

Question 2

By incorporating __________, the juvenile court was to act in the best interests of children through the use of noncriminal proceedings.

A) Parens patriae
B) in loco parentis
C) age of responsibility
D) houses of refuge

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What is the major premise of the juvenile courts?

A) To act in the best interests of the community
B) To act in the best interests of the child(ren)
C) To act in the best interests of the victim(s)
D) To act in the best interests of the child(ren)'s parents

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which racial/ethnic group is most largely overrepresented in the juvenile justice system?

A) African Americans
B) Caucasian Americans
C) Latino Americans
D) American Indians

Question 5

This instrument has emerged as particularly useful for classifying juvenile offenders.

A) LSI-R
B) YLS/CMI
C) DSM-IV
D) LSI

Question 6

The direct translation of parens patriae is ____________.

A) "in the place of parents"
B) "parent of the country"
C) "parental waiver"
D) "parental obligation"

Question 7

Which Supreme Court decision stated that because juvenile courts are not criminal courts, the constitutional rights guaranteed to accused adults do not apply to juveniles?

A) in re Holmes (1955)
B) Kent v. United States (1966)
C) in re Gault (1967)
D) in re Winsip (1970)

Question 8

Which Supreme Court case ruled that the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment did not require jury trials in juvenile court?

A) Kent v. United States (1966)
B) In re Gault (1967)
C) McKeiver v. Pennsylvania (1971)
D) Breed v. Jones (1975)

Question 9

Which state established the first juvenile court?

A) New York
B) Pennsylvania
C) Illinois
D) Georgia

Question 10

__________ occurs when a parent or caretaker of the child does not provide the proper or necessary support, education, medical, or other remedial care that is required by a given state's law.

A) Physical abuse
B) Sexual abuse
C) Child neglect
D) Psychological abuse

Question 11

Female juvenile offenders are more commonly placed in __________ compared to other types of programs.

A) therapeutic foster homes
B) residential treatment programs
C) detention facilities
D) day treatment centers

Question 12

Adolescents who engage in delinquent behavior and continue criminality throughout their adulthood are known as __________ offenders.

A) life-course-persistent
B) adolescent-limited
C) adolescent-only
D) perpetual

Question 13

Which Supreme Court ruling held that sentences of life without parole for juveniles convicted of nonhomicide offenses are unconstitutional?

A) Breed v. Jones (1975)
B) Graham v. Florida (2010)
C) Roper v. Simmons (2005)
D) McKeiver v. Pennsylvania (1971)

Question 14

Which Supreme Court case ruled that trying a juvenile who had previously been adjudicated delinquent in juvenile court for the same crime as an adult in criminal court violates the double jeopardy clause of the Fifth Amendment when the adjudication involves violation of a criminal statue?

A) Breed v. Jones (1975)
B) Roper v. Simmons (2005)
C) Kent v. United States (1966)
D) McKeiver v. Pennsylvania (1971)

Question 15

The first institution for the treatment of juvenile offenders was ___________.

A) The New York House of Refuge
B) The Hospital of St. Michael
C) The Chicago Reform School
D) The Industrial School for Dependent Children

Question 16

The juvenile system is unique from adult corrections.

Question 17

Which Supreme Court case ruled that waiver of juvenile to adult courts, without due process, meant that juveniles might be receiving the worst of both worlds-less legal protection than adults and less treatment and rehabilitation than that promised by the juvenile courts?

A) In re Gault (1967)
B) Roper v. Simmons (2005)
C) In re Holmes (1955)
D) Kent v. United States (1966)

Question 18

The primary reason youth join gangs is:

A) due to peer pressure to join.
B) to protect themselves from victimization at the hands of other gang groups.
C) the expectations from family members who have also joined.
D) to have some sort of need met.

Question 19

The primary source of socialization for youth is __________.

A) the youth's family
B) the youth's peer groups
C) television shows watched by the youth
D) the youth's teachers

Question 20

The behavior of parents may provide indicators of child maltreatment. Indicators of __________ may be parental behaviors such as jealousy and being overprotective of a child.

A) psychological abuse
B) sexual abuse
C) educational neglect
D) physical abuse

Question 21

Define and distinguish between child abuse and child neglect. In addition, identify and define the various types of child abuse and neglect.

Question 22

Youth who are transferred to adult court may be kept in prisons.

Question 23

Discus racial/ethnic disparity in juvenile detention and incarceration. What are possible reasons for this disparity?

Question 24

Juveniles in juvenile courts have a lower standard of proof for conviction than adults in criminal courts.

Question 25

Most child sexual abuse is detected because it is witnessed by a trusting adult.

Question 26

The majority of youth engage in minor forms of delinquency during their adolescence.

Question 27

The Uniform Juvenile Court Act states that delinquent youth can be kept in a jail or another type of adult facility when other options are not available.

Question 28

When working with juveniles in the correctional setting, gang membership will be encountered on a fairly rare basis.

Question 29

Detention facilities are separate from adult prisons.

Question 30

Define, compare, and contrast adolescent-limited and life-course-persistent juvenile delinquents.

Question 31

The use of juvenile waiver processes has increased since the 1990s.