Question 1

For intubation, a client received 0.5 mg/kg of succinylcholine (Anectine) with a repeat dose of 0.7 mg/kg. The client weighs 154 lb. How many milligrams of the medication did the client receive for both doses?
Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number.

84

Accepted Answer

The client weighs 154 lb or 70 kg. For the initial dose, the client received 0.5 mg/70 kg or 35 mg of the medication. For the repeat dose, the client received 0.7 mg × 70 kg or 49 mg of the medication. The client received a total of 84 mg of the medication.

Question 2

A client is receiving tiotropium. Which element in the client's history would be a contraindication for this medication?&#10;A) Bronchospasm&#10;B) Hypertension&#10;C) Type 2 diabetes mellitus&#10;D) Constipation

Accepted Answer

Muscarinic antagonists can cause worsening of sinusitis, paradoxical bronchospasm, and oropharyngeal candidiasis.

Question 3

Which is the primary effect of a ganglionic blocker such as mecamylamine?&#10;A) Lowers intraocular pressure (IOP)&#10;B) Improves motor response&#10;C) Lowers blood pressure&#10;D) Elevates mood

Accepted Answer

Ganglionic blockers cause vasodilation.

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a muscarinic antagonist. When teaching a client about the medication, what is important to include?&#10;A) &#34;Muscarinic antagonists are referred to as anticholinergics.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Nicotinic antagonists block the muscarinic synapses.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Parasympatholytics are used to assist with cardiac rhythm disorders.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;The central nervous system is not affected by the muscarinic antagonists.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Muscarinic antagonists are often referred to as anticholinergics.

Question 5

The nurse is administering a transdermal patch of tobacco to a client. What effects will the nurse most likely assess in this client?
Select all that apply.

A) Increased alertness
B) Increased heart rate
C) Increased blood pressure
D) Nausea
E) Muscle pain

Accepted Answer

Nicotine causes both parasympathetic and sympathetic responses. Activation of the central nervous system increases alertness.
Nicotine causes an increase in heart rate.
Nicotine causes an increase in blood pressure.
The emetic center in the central nervous system is triggered with nicotine, causing a feeling of nausea.

Question 6

The nurse is preparing to administer pyridostigmine to a client with myasthenia gravis. What will the nurse identify as characteristics of this medication?
Select all that apply.

A) It affects nicotinic acetylcholine synapses in skeletal muscle.
B) It is the prototype drug.
C) It does not cross the placenta.
D) It decreases peristalsis and causes bronchodilation.
E) It must be used with caution in heart failure.

Accepted Answer

Pyridostigmine is used to treat myasthenia gravis and affects the nicotinic acetylcholine synapses in skeletal muscle.
Pyridostigmine is a prototype drug.
Pyridostigmine can cause bradycardia and should be used cautiously in clients with heart failure.

Question 7

The nurse is discussing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) with a client who wants to stop smoking but is afraid of the withdrawal symptoms. Which are symptoms of nicotine withdrawal?
Select all that apply.

A) Increased alertness
B) Difficulty sleeping
C) Depression
D) Nausea
E) Headaches

Accepted Answer

Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include difficulty sleeping, lack of concentration, depression, headaches, and food cravings.
Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include difficulty sleeping, lack of concentration, depression, headaches, and food cravings
Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include difficulty sleeping, lack of concentration, depression, headaches, and food cravings.

Question 8

The nurse educator is reviewing the process of synaptic transmission across the neuroeffector junction with a student. In which order will the nurse explain the steps of synaptic transmission?

Accepted Answer

Response 2. Storage of the neurotransmitter
Response 3. Release of the neurotransmitter
Response 4. Binding to the receptor
Response 5. Termination of neurotransmitter action
 1. This is the first step of synaptic transmission across the neuroeffector junction.
2. This is the second step of synaptic transmission across the neuroeffector junction.
3. This is the third step of synaptic transmission across the neuroeffector junction.
4. This is the fourth step of synaptic transmission across the neuroeffector junction.
5. This is the fifth step of synaptic transmission across the neuroeffector junction.

Question 9

A client overhears the healthcare team talking about pharmacogenomics. The client asks the nurse what that means. Which statement provides the best example of pharmacogenomics?&#10;A) &#34;The study of individuals' history of a penicillin allergy and the use of gene transplants to change the allergy.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;The study of individuals' genetic background and how it affects their response to drug therapy.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;The study of individuals' genetic history and how it affects their genetic polymorphisms.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;The study of individuals' ability to determine their genetic predisposition and prevent chronic diseases.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Pharmacogenomics is a term referring to the network of genes that govern a patient's response to drug therapy.

Deck 3: Pharmacological Concepts and Medications: A Comprehensive Guide