Deck 15: Parole and Reintegration

Question 1

The majority of state parole board members are appointed by the state's __________.

A) Director of Corrections
B) Governor
C) Supreme Court
D) Attorney General

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Who typically completed the Offender Accountability Plan?

A) Community parole officers
B) Institutional parole officers
C) Unit managers
D) Correctional counselors

Answer 2

B

Question 3

This agency oversees the supervision of offenders who leave federal confinement early due to credit for good behavior.

A) The Federal Bureau of Prisons
B) The U.S. Attorney General's Office
C) The U.S. Board of Parole
D) The U.S. Sentencing Commission

Answer 3

D

Question 4

During the period from 1930 through the 1950s, correctional thought reflected what was referred to as the __________.

A) medical model
B) reintegration model
C) crime control model
D) tough-on-crime model

Question 5

Which Act provided for the abolition of the Parole Commission?

A) Second Chance Act
B) Parole Commission and Reorganization Act
C) Comprehensive Crime Control Act
D) Parole Commission Phaseout Act

Question 6

Which era of correctional thought advocated for limited use of incarceration, preferring probation for nonviolent offenders?

A) Medical model era
B) Reintegration era
C) Crime control model era
D) Tough-on-crime model era

Question 7

The use of parole was not initially designed to consider __________ but this is now often considered in parole decisions.

A) providing incentives to inmates
B) providing a gradual process of offender reintegration into society
C) prison overcrowding
D) behavior of inmates and their progress in work assignments and programming

Question 8

The largest percentage of parolees was convicted of __________ offenses.

A) drug
B) violent
C) property
D) public order

Question 9

Which case held that parolees do have a limited right to counsel during revocation proceedings?

A) LeMaire v. Maass (1992)
B) Morrissey v. Brewer (1972)
C) Gagnon v. Scarpelli (1973)
D) Fulwood v. Clemmer (1962)

Question 10

Which of the following men is considered the father of parole?

A) Jeremy Bentham
B) Alexander Maconochie
C) William Penn
D) Sanborn

Question 11

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in _________ that offenders have basic rights at a parole revocation hearing.

A) LeMaire v. Maass (1992)
B) Morrissey v. Brewer (1972)
C) Gagnon v. Scarpelli (1973)
D) Fulwood v. Clemmer (1962)

Question 12

This report played a role in the shift from a community model of corrections to a crime control model of corrections.

A) Martinson Report
B) Maconochie Report
C) Crofton Report
D) Parole Commission and Reorganization Report

Question 13

During the 1600s and 1700s, England implemented a form of punishment known as banishment on a widespread scale. During this time, criminals were sent to the American colonies and __________.

A) India
B) Egypt
C) Brazil
D) Australia

Question 14

Reentry preparation typically begins __________ prior to the offender's release.

A) two months
B) one year
C) six months
D) nine months

Question 15

This was the first state to abolish parole.

A) Oregon
B) Minnesota
C) North Carolina
D) Maine

Question 16

The number of prisoners released on discretionary parole has steadily decreased in recent years.

Question 17

Which Act created the U.S. Sentencing Commission?

A) Second Chance Act
B) Parole Commission and Reorganization Act
C) Comprehensive Crime Control Ac
D) Parole Commission Phaseout Act

Question 18

About __________ of those on parole are female offenders.

A) 12%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 80%

Question 19

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the Supreme Court's opinion about parole-granting hearings?

A) The parolee has the right to counsel at a parole-granting hearing.
B) The parolee has the right to witnesses at a parole-granting hearing.
C) The parole-granting hearing is a privilege.
D) An inmate has the right to a parole-granting hearing.

Question 20

The key concern when granting parole is __________.

A) the probability of recidivism
B) prison populations
C) cost of incarceration
D) public perception

Question 21

Parole revocation is guided by the Supreme Court decision in Morrissey v. Brewer (1972).

Question 22

Explain how parole is granted throughout most state systems and what tends to influence parole decisions.

Question 23

The terms and conditions for parolees, in many cases, are identical to many of those included for offenders on probation.

Question 24

Parole decisions are discretionary.

Question 25

Morrissey v. Brewer (1972) set forth a two-stage revocation process. Identify and explain the process and the rights afforded to parolees.

Question 26

The Second Chance Act was designed to improve outcomes for people returning to communities from prisons and jails.

Question 27

The federal government currently uses indeterminate sentencing.

Question 28

Explain Braithwaite's theory of shaming and reintegration.

Question 29

The parolee population tends to be quite large when compared with the probation population.

Question 30

The proportion of Caucasian American offenders on parole has increased during the past several years.

Question 31

The use of parole boards no longer exists within the federal justice system.