Deck 2: A History of Communities and Policing

Question 1

Most transformations in policing were the result of which of the following pressures:

A)continued population growth
B)a shift from an agrarian to an industrial economy
C)crowding of people into cities
D)all of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

____________ were charged with surveying land, checking weights and measures, serving warrants, and meting out punishment.

A)Shire-reeves
B)Shires
C)Constables
D)Night watches

Answer 2

Constables

Question 3

A group of hundreds was organized into a ____________, the rough equivalent of a county.

A)tithing
B)shire
C)community
D)town

Answer 3

shire

Question 4

A ____________ supervised shires.

A)night watch
B)constable
C)shire-reeve
D)slave patrol

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an objective of a good police community relations program?

A)define the role of police as law enforcers
B)improve communication between police and the community
C)adopt a teamwork approach including the police, the public, and other public agencies
D)all of the above

Question 6

The birth of community policing was affected by the following factors:

A)effective communication between the minority community and the police
B)the change of police tactics from law enforcement to order maintenance
C)police and political reformers advancing their cause and agenda
D)all of the above

Question 7

The common themes regarding police during and prior to the birth of community policing were:

A)isolation of the police from the public
B)growing use of violence to control the public
C)an "Us versus Them" mentality
D)all of the above

Question 8

The Reform Movement brought about many changes in policing, which are contained in the philosophy of community policing.Which of the following were changes introduced during this movement?

A)commitment to upgrading of education and training for police officers
B)commitment to less reliance on the use of technology
C)commitment to application of the letter of the law versus spirit of the law
D)all of the above

Question 9

Over the years, community policing and its programs were referred to as the following:

A)Neighborhood-Oriented Policing
B)Community-Based Policing.
C)Community-Oriented Policing
D)all of the above

Question 10

In the 1930s, August Vollmer proposed principles for police reform.Which of the following are considered principles of police reform?

A)establish municipal bureaus of investigation
B)women should be hired to handle cases involving male violence
C)the corrupting influence of politics should be removed from police organizations
D)all of the above

Question 11

August Vollmer and O.W.Wilson had a major effect on police administration in the following areas:

A)police-community relations
B)organizational design
C)order maintenance
D)all of the above

Question 12

According to Kelling and Moore, August Vollmer's moral vision and O.W.Wilson's work revolutionized law enforcement in the professional movement by affecting:

A)demand for service
B)organizational design
C)use of tactics and technology
D)all of the above

Question 13

This idea justifies vigilantism by arguing that citizens must be willing to kill or be killed when the official system fails to provide adequate protection.

A)economic rationale
B)right of revolution
C)self-preservation
D)none of the above

Question 14

This idea proposes that the development and maintenance of an effective criminal justice system is an expensive proposition, and frontier towns should not bear the expense, when vigilantism can do the job efficiently for free.

A)economic rationale
B)right of revolution
C)self-preservation
D)none of the above

Question 15

During the colonial period in the United States, early law enforcement consisted of:

A)state police
B)municipal police
C)night watches
D)all of the above

Question 16

What was the purpose of the President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing?

A)build the trust between local law enforcement and the communities they protect
B)make recommendations to the President on ways policing practices
C)provide police with more power to enforce the law
D)a & b

Question 17

The police are social control agents, an institution of government that imposes the force of law on the public.

Question 18

A main challenge in the United States has been to fashion a structure for the police that insulates departments from the corrupting influence of politics, without risking a department so autonomous that it is isolated from accountability to the people.

Question 19

Sir Robert Peel introduced the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829.

Question 20

Between the Revolutionary War and the Civil War, political elites, rather than the community, became the controllers of the police.

Question 21

Advances in technology have not had an influence on policing.

Question 22

Sir Robert Peel launched the modern era of policing in the United States.

Question 23

During the "Spoils Era" of policing, team policing, the concept of team policing was born and implemented.

Question 24

During the 1960s, policing faced many challenges such as social unrest of the Civil Rights Movement and the Vietnam protests, as well as the political assassinations of John F.Kennedy, Martin Luther King Jr., and Robert Kennedy.

Question 25

Policing does not have a history of controlling individuals or different groups, but has strived to work with them.

Question 26

Slave patrols and night watches were early forms of law enforcement in the United States.

Question 27

Sir Robert Peel was responsible for the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829 and the creation of the London Metropolitan Police Department.

Question 28

The New Jersey State Police was the first state police department in the history of policing in the United States.

Question 29

Red laws were concerned with making customs criminal such as consumption of alcoholic beverages, dancing, and store hours on Sunday.

Question 30

August Vollmer and O.W.Wilson revolutionized policing in seven areas, ranging from administration to operations.

Question 31

The professionalism movement was successful in removing politics and corruption from police departments.

Question 32

August Vollmer was responsible for developing ten principles for police reform.List and explain the importance of five of the ten principles.

Question 33

Describe the role of the 1960s in the birth of community policing.Explain the social factors that influenced and molded policing during this period of time.

Question 34

What were the five interrelated pressures that influenced the shift from informal to formal policing.Explain how these pressures influenced the shift.

Question 35

List and explain in detail the three eras of policing in England.What was the importance of the three eras?

Question 36

What were the problems with professional movement in regard to police attempting to reach the community? List and describe the problems as to how it impacted police-community relations.