Question 1

Some archaeologists believe that early Andean civilization had a &#8230;&#10;A) maize dependency.&#10;B) maritime foundation.&#10;C) Maya connection.&#10;D) need for immediate irrigation.

Accepted Answer

Early Andean civilization is believed by some archaeologists to have had a maritime foundation, relying on the resources from the sea, such as fish, which played a crucial role in their development and sustenance.

Question 2

A distinguishing feature of the southern highlands Andean society around the Lake Titicaca Basin was &#8230;&#10;A) anchovy fishing.&#10;B) dam building.&#10;C) alpaca and llama herding.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

The southern highlands Andean society around the Lake Titicaca Basin was distinguished by alpaca and llama herding, which was central to their economy and way of life.

Question 3

By 2600 BC, inhabitants on the coastal Peruvian lowlands were exchanging fish with those on the highlands for &#8230;&#10;A) cotton for fish netting.&#10;B) game animals not found on the coast.&#10;C) maize and potatoes.&#10;D) religious artifacts.

Accepted Answer

cotton for fish netting.&#10;

Question 4

The art designs associated with the Chav&#237;n ideology predominantly included &#8230;&#10;A) mountain scenes.&#10;B) geometric shapes.&#10;C) celestial images.&#10;D) jaguar motifs.

Accepted Answer

The Chavín culture is known for its art that prominently features jaguar motifs, which were significant in their religious and cultural symbolism.

Question 5

The disturbing, almost ominous, carved stone statues show human faces with evidence of the use of &#8230;&#10;A) cheek piercings.&#10;B) hallucinogenic drugs.&#10;C) medicinal spirits.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

The carved stone statues with human faces suggest the use of hallucinogenic drugs, as this is often associated with altered states of consciousness and spiritual or ritualistic practices, which can be reflected in art and carvings.

Question 6

The sequence of development followed in Peruvian irrigation was &#8230;&#10;A) family-based, community-based, and region-based.&#10;B) communal highlands then coastal lowlands.&#10;C) individual-based, kin-based, neighbor-based, and village-based.&#10;D) community-based then region-based.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because the sequence of development followed in Peruvian irrigation was family-based, community-based, and region-based.

Question 7

Pukara was a major center near Lake Titicaca whose autonomy can be seen in the geographic distribution of its distinctive &#8230;&#10;A) irrigation systems.&#10;B) religious beliefs.&#10;C) pottery.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

Pukara's autonomy is primarily evidenced by the distribution of its distinctive pottery, which is a key archaeological indicator of its cultural influence and reach.

Question 8

In Moche society who presided over the sacrificing of prisoners of war?&#10;A) High-ranking warriors.&#10;B) Warrior-priests.&#10;C) Rulers and nobles.&#10;D) Only rulers.

Accepted Answer

Warrior-priests presided over the sacrificing of prisoners of war in Moche society, combining religious and military roles.

Question 9

The Moche people were skilled metalworkers, especially with &#8230;&#10;A) gold and iron.&#10;B) iron and copper.&#10;C) copper and gold.&#10;D) None of these.

Accepted Answer

The Moche people were particularly skilled in working with copper and gold, creating intricate jewelry and ceremonial items. Iron was not a material they were known to have worked with extensively.

Question 10

Moche society included nobles, warriors, priests, farmers, fisherfolk, metalworkers, and highly skilled artisans and potters. From this one can conclude that the culture was &#8230;&#10;A) primarily militaristic.&#10;B) hierarchical and socially complex.&#10;C) technologically stunted.&#10;D) None of these.

Accepted Answer

The presence of distinct social roles such as nobles, warriors, priests, and various types of skilled workers indicates a structured social hierarchy and a complex society, rather than a focus solely on military, technological stagnation, or none of these options.

Question 11

Moche society collapsed because of &#8230;&#10;A) droughts.&#10;B) El Ni&#241;os.&#10;C) an earthquake.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Moche society collapsed because of &#8230;&#10;A) droughts.&#10;B)...

Question 12

One way archaeologists pinpoint when Andean droughts occurred in the past is by studying &#8230;&#10;A) Andes glacial ice cores.&#10;B) temple carvings.&#10;C) soil excavations.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One way archaeologists pinpoint when Andean droughts...

Question 13

While the Moche society inhabited a densely cultivated valley, its successor, the Chimu people added &#8230;&#10;A) storage reservoirs and more complex irrigation.&#10;B) roads and storehouses.&#10;C) new technologies unrelated to agriculture.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of While the Moche society inhabited a densely...

Question 14

At Chan Chan, the richly decorated dwelling residences that served as a palace during a Chimu ruler's life became &#8230;&#10;A) the next ruler's palace.&#10;B) a religious monument after the death of the ruler.&#10;C) the ruler's burial place.&#10;D) None of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of At Chan Chan, the richly decorated dwelling...

Question 15

One of the vulnerabilities of the Chimu state, which may have led to its collapse to the Incas, was &#8230;&#10;A) its inferior military weapons.&#10;B) its massive irrigation works.&#10;C) its lack of a standing army.&#10;D) its inability to unify their people.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the vulnerabilities of the Chimu...

Question 16

The Inca Pachakuti transformed the Inca state in a variety of ways, including the development of an &#8230;&#10;A) iron technology.&#10;B) expanded trade network.&#10;C) ancestor cult.&#10;D) All of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Inca Pachakuti transformed the Inca state...

Question 17

Chimu and Inca rulers practiced the institution of split inheritance, which meant each ruler &#8230;&#10;A) inherited no material possessions.&#10;B) left behind half of his wealth to his successor.&#10;C) divided his wealth among the nobility.&#10;D) was buried with only half of his possessions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chimu and Inca rulers practiced the institution...

Question 18

New Inca kings acquired wealth through a reciprocal system known as &#8230;&#10;A) ayllu.&#10;B) suyu.&#10;C) mit'a.&#10;D) quipu.

Accepted Answer

The answer of New Inca kings acquired wealth through a...

Question 19

The Spanish conquered Peru through &#8230;&#10;A) superior military might.&#10;B) diplomatic negotiations.&#10;C) ransom and treachery.&#10;D) None of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Spanish conquered Peru through &#8230;&#10;A) superior...

Question 20

Explain the maritime foundation theory used to describe the rise of social complexity in lowland coastal Peru. What other prehistoric culture, if any, does this resemble?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the maritime foundation theory used to...

Question 21

Describe the critical role irrigation played in the development of Andean civilisations. How did Andean irrigation resemble or differ from irrigation systems in Mesoamerica and Mesopotamia?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the critical role irrigation played in...

Question 22

Compare and contrast the religious belief system of the Chav&#237;n de Hu&#225;ntar culture with that of the Wari and the Inca. As an archaeologist, what constitutes the most reliable evidence about these different beliefs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the religious belief system...

Question 23

Explain how the system of split inheritance worked and why it created problems for Inca rulers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how the system of split inheritance...

Question 24

In your own words, discuss what may have brought about the Incas' eventual undoing had the Spanish conquistadors not arrived.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In your own words, discuss what may...

Deck 14: Andean Civilizations