Deck 11: Intelligence and Schooling

Question 1

Mary Jo has been particularly good at listening to others and helping them.She has decided to major in psychology in college and eventually become a therapist.According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, Mary Jo would likely excel in which domain?

A) mathematical
B) musical
C) interpersonal
D) intrapersonal

Answer 1

interpersonal

Question 2

Successful intelligence is:

A) the insight to recognize which abilities are strengths and weaknesses and adapt
B) the idea that multiple intelligences all relate back to an underlying g
C) mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100
D) the individual's ability to overcome the Flynn effect

Answer 2

the insight to recognize which abilities are strengths and weaknesses and adapt

Question 3

One of the most widely used tests of infant intellectual abilities is the:

A) WISC
B) WAIS
C) Bayley Scales
D) Stanford-Binet

Answer 3

Bayley Scales

Question 4

If IQ scores are normally distributed (on a normal curve), a score of 115 would be equivalent to having scored better than ________ of others.

A) 50 percent
B) 68 percent
C) 84 percent
D) 95 percent

Question 5

The use of habituation tasks in infants as predictors of future IQ is problematic because:

A) although findings are statistically significant, the correlations between the two are large
B) although findings are statistically significant, the correlations between the two are small
C) the findings are not statistically significant, but correlations between the two are large
D) the findings are not statistically significant

Question 6

Social intelligence is the ability to:

A) evaluate our own feelings and those of others
B) recall and act on stored information from memory
C) smoothly manage personal interactions
D) balance abilities and learn one's strengths and weaknesses

Question 7

The beginning of the psychometric approach is associated with which psychologist?

A) Binet
B) Freud
C) Gardner
D) Piaget

Question 8

The ability to evaluate our own and others' feelings is:

A) social intelligence
B) emotional intelligence
C) linguistic intelligence
D) naturalistic intelligence

Question 9

Maya has good self-awareness, management of her emotions, and motivation.Maya has excellent:

A) fluid intelligence
B) linguistic intelligence
C) intrapersonal intelligence
D) interpersonal intelligence

Question 10

According to Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence, the three key abilities needed are:

A) mathematical, spatial, and analytical
B) mathematical, spatial, and practical
C) analytical, mathematical, and practical
D) analytical, creative, and practical

Question 11

The theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence was described by:

A) Carroll
B) Cattell
C) Gardner
D) Sternberg

Question 12

As part of an evaluation, a school psychologist gives Marcel an IQ test.Marcel's IQ score is a 117 which means his IQ score is approximately:

A) one standard deviation below the mean
B) consistent with the mean
C) one standard deviation above the mean
D) two standard deviations above the mean

Question 13

Carroll's three-stratum theory is composed of:

A) g, broad abilities, and narrow abilities
B) g, verbal abilities, and performance abilities
C) g, fluid intelligence, and crystallized intelligence
D) narrow abilities, fluid intelligence, and crystallized intelligence

Question 14

Which part of the brain shows the greatest degree of heritability for tissue volume?

A) frontal lobes
B) occipital lobes
C) parietal lobes
D) temporal lobes

Question 15

The mental age of a child divided by her chronological age and multiplied by 100 gives you her:

A) standard deviation
B) intelligence quotient
C) verbal scale
D) performance scale

Question 16

Most dancers, athletes, and stage performers would excel in:

A) spatial intelligence
B) naturalistic intelligence
C) interpersonal intelligence
D) bodily/kinesthetic intelligence

Question 17

Gina is able to think flexibly and solve new problems she encounters.She has very good:

A) crystallized intelligence
B) fluid intelligence
C) social intelligence
D) naturalistic intelligence

Question 18

Dr.Crenshaw wants to administer a test to determine the developmental abilities of an infant.He knows that the Bayley scales will measure all of the following EXCEPT the infant's:

A) habituation
B) motor skills
C) language
D) perceptual abilities

Question 19

Albert finds talking with others comes naturally to him and he excels at it.Albert is likely high in ________ intelligence.

A) interpersonal
B) intrapersonal
C) naturalistic
D) bodily/kinesthetic

Question 20

To intelligence researchers, g is:

A) global intelligence and is at its essence crystallized and fluid intelligence
B) global intelligence and is at its essence determined by factor analysis
C) general intelligence and is at its essence multiple intelligences
D) general intelligence and is at its essence intelligence

Question 21

Differences in male and female brains include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) a larger overall brain in females
B) higher rates of oxygenated blood flow in females
C) different ratios of white and gray brain matter
D) differences in the thickness of the cerebral cortex

Question 22

One sociocultural explanation of group differences on IQ tests has been influence from stereotype threat.This means that:

A) an individual's fear of confirming a negative stereotype actually reduces test performance
B) the tests are designed in such a way as to reinforce stereotypes
C) IQ tests are inherently divisive and filled with stereotypic depictions
D) teachers and parents tend to emphasize the stereotypes of how students perform on IQ tests

Question 23

Explanations for the Flynn effect include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) better nutrition
B) advanced technology
C) genetic changes
D) more sophisticated TV

Question 24

Dr.Johnson is interpreting an IQ test given to a child from a low-income family.Based on research investigating socioeconomic factors for IQ differences, Dr.Johnson knows that differences in income level:

A) fully explain IQ group disparities
B) are not sufficient to explain IQ group disparities
C) have no effect on IQ group disparities
D) have an impact on fluid IQ but not on crystallized IQ scores

Question 25

Dr.Albertson needs to administer an IQ test to a child; however, the test is starting to get old (over 10 years) and a newer version of the test is about to come out.Based on what Dr.Albertson knows about the Flynn effect, he expects the IQ score he calculates:

A) will be invalid
B) will be an exact measure of the child's true score
C) may slightly underestimate the child's true score
D) may slightly overestimate the child's true score

Question 26

Though controversial across several studies, researchers have found that European Americans score as much as ________ higher on IQ tests than African Americans.

A) 20 points
B) 15 points
C) one standard deviation
D) two standard deviations

Question 27

The idea that learning comes from actively building knowledge and metacognitive awareness is inherent to which program?

A) Community of Learners
B) Head Start
C) Platoon
D) Dewey

Question 28

Numerous studies have been conducted that demonstrate the impact from stereotype threat on testing.When students in these studies are given a verbal task and told it's just a puzzle they need to finish, African-American students typically:

A) perform worse than European-American students
B) perform as well as European-American students
C) perform better than European-American students
D) perform the same as they do on formal IQ tests

Question 29

A variety of explanations have been put forth to explain group differences in IQ scores.These explanations include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) the differences are due to quality of education
B) the differences are related to biology
C) the differences are related to sociocultural stereotypes
D) the differences are related to poor test reliability

Question 30

Researchers have not located an "intelligence gene" because:

A) intelligence is too poorly defined and not well-understood at this time
B) intelligence is a complex interaction between many genes and the environment
C) researchers have yet to finish mapping the entire human genome
D) the intelligence tests used to measure IQ have poor reliability and validity

Question 31

The heritability of intelligence in childhood generally ranges from:

A) 0-.25
B) .25-.50
C) .50-.75
D) .75-1.00

Question 32

Head Start generally includes all of the following interventions EXCEPT:

A) nutritional support
B) health care support
C) test accommodations
D) reading instruction

Question 33

Dr.Alvarez is conducting an evaluation on Angela to see what her IQ and academic abilities are.Dr.Alvarez should be concerned about all of the following on the medical history form EXCEPT:

A) Angela was exposed to lead-based paint when she was much younger
B) Angela's family is struggling to make enough money to put food on the table
C) her mother drank alcohol during pregnancy
D) her mother took periodic doses of vitamins during pregnancy

Question 34

In general, men typically perform better on ________ tasks than women.

A) memory
B) facial recall
C) linguistic
D) spatial

Question 35

In examining changes in children's thinking, researchers have found that the most important influence on mental arithmetic seems to be:

A) socioeconomic
B) development
C) age
D) schooling

Question 36

All of the following are examples of environmental influences on children's intelligence test scores EXCEPT:

A) sensitive parenting
B) heritability
C) birth order
D) parental education

Question 37

On measures of Full-Scale IQ, women score ________ men.

A) two standard deviations higher than
B) one standard deviation higher than
C) approximately the same as
D) one standard deviation lower than

Question 38

The instructional technique whereby children are urged to discover new ideas through hands-on learning is called:

A) metacognitive awareness
B) guided discovery
C) domain-specific learning
D) holistic learning

Question 39

The Flynn effect is:

A) the impact of stereotypes on IQ
B) the socioeconomic impact on IQ
C) the fall in IQ scores over time
D) the rise in IQ scores over time

Question 40

The Flynn effect has been approximately ________ points per decade.

A) +3
B) -3
C) +15
D) -15

Question 41

Rebecca learns about English and literature in one class, math in another, and history in yet a different classroom.Rebecca's school is using:

A) the platoon model
B) the Dewey model
C) the Flynn model
D) the Head Start model

Question 42

A common finding among the childhoods of creative individuals includes:

A) having a great deal of money
B) having little money
C) having an easy childhood
D) having a difficult childhood

Question 43

James is learning a great deal in school, including how to get along with peers and understanding his teacher's intentions.For James, school is having the added benefit of acting as a(n):

A) introspective learning environment
B) moralizing agent
C) socializing agent
D) active learning environment

Question 44

Ms.Melbourne takes a child-centered approach to teaching her class, using the child's interests and enthusiasm as guides for further instruction.She is using which model of instruction?

A) the platoon model
B) the Dewey model
C) Head Start
D) a cognitive science model

Question 45

The Waldorf School encourages children to question everything and take charge of their learning with teachers serving as guides along the way.This school is closest to the ________ model.

A) Dewey
B) Flynn
C) platoon
D) behavioral

Question 46

Dr.Wentz chose to study creativity by investigating the life of Albert Einstein.She has chosen the ________ approach.

A) nomothetic
B) idiographic
C) linguistic
D) interpersonal

Question 47

What is IQ and how is it computed (both historically and now)?

Question 48

The ability to come up with novel insights and problem-solving techniques is:

A) metacognitive awareness
B) functional fixedness
C) holistic strategizing
D) creativity

Question 49

Fatima is in a classroom being taught by a master science teacher.Researchers would expect that she would ask more ________-type questions.

A) local
B) detail
C) descriptive
D) metacognitive

Question 50

Your instructor has said you need to come up with an alternative uses test for your final project.Your test might include having children:

A) draw lines to elaborate upon a square on a piece of paper
B) list all the things they use on a daily basis that are square
C) tell you how many different ways they can think of to use a pencil
D) come up with the best design for folding a paper airplane

Question 51

Joey picks up a brush, holds it like a sword, and fights off imaginary monsters.Matilda picks up the brush and brushes her hair.Matilda is demonstrating:

A) functional fixedness
B) creativity
C) an aptitude-treatment interaction
D) an ideographic approach

Question 52

Ramone uses his sister's doll to swordfight with his younger sister.This playfulness is an example of:

A) guided discovery
B) stereotype threat
C) creativity
D) functional fixation

Question 53

Ray is an African-American 9-year-old who feels conflicted about the values he learns about in school compared to what he's learning at home.This is because most United States schools tend to emphasize all of the following values EXCEPT:

A) affect-free problem solving
B) oral interaction
C) individual effort
D) competition

Question 54

All of the following can be measures of increasing creativity EXCEPT:

A) nonverbal tests
B) functional fixedness
C) category generation
D) generating consequences

Question 55

Research on the use of computers in classrooms has found that computers:

A) may improve learning or distract from it depending on how they're used
B) distract from learning
C) have no effect on learning
D) improve learning

Question 56

Jonathan is in Head Start.From research on the topic, you would expect that after participating:

A) his IQ scores would improve
B) his IQ scores would decrease
C) he will show poorer school readiness
D) he will show greater school readiness

Question 57

The nomothetic approach involves:

A) determining the goodness of fit between instruction and learning
B) finding if an individual uses tools in new or novel ways
C) studying the case history of a highly creative person to learn about creativity
D) comparing and examining the lives of especially creative individuals for common patterns

Question 58

In part, Gardner developed his theory based on his study of creativity.Gardner used two main approaches for his study of creativity, which were:

A) fluid and crystallized approaches
B) linguistic and mathematical approaches
C) idiographic and linguistic approaches
D) idiographic and nomothetic approaches

Question 59

Gardner found all of the following were associated with creative geniuses EXCEPT:

A) being near great cities
B) coming from intact families
C) coming from a wealthy family
D) immersing themselves with like-minded people

Question 60

Sylvester has been diagnosed with a learning disorder in reading.He is struggling with the way his teacher is instructing his class.Sylvester is likely being impacted by:

A) use of the Dewey model
B) use of guided discovery
C) an aptitude-treatment interaction
D) a holistic strategy

Question 61

Describe many of the common factors associated with highly creative individuals according to Gardner.What kind of research did he do and what is the main drawback of that kind of research?

Question 62

In what domains do men and women typically score differently on IQ tests? What are some explanations for why they differ?

Question 63

Make the case that early intervention services with children are important.Be sure to discuss relevant research (for example, heritability estimates) and methods of intervening in support of your claim.

Question 64

Describe emotional intelligence and how it is similar to and different from full-scale IQ.

Question 65

What are the Dewey and platoon models of instruction? How do they promote learning in children?

Question 66

What is known about how and why IQ scores seem to rise over time?

Question 67

What are two prominent ways of assessing infant intelligence and how do they differ? How do these methods relate to later IQ scores?

Question 68

What are Gardner's multiple intelligences, and how are they different?

Question 69

Beyond the basic goals associated with educating students, what are three additional goals and benefits of schooling?

Question 70

What is creativity, and what are different ways it can be measured (the different categories of tasks and tests)?

Question 71

Briefly describe and defend Spearman's description of intelligence.

Question 72

Discuss the importance of schooling by drawing from research on how schools affect children's thoughts and abilities.

Question 73

What is stereotype threat and why might it be a serious issue for instruction and testing in schools?

Question 74

Describe heritability, the range of scores for it, and how it relates to childhood intelligence.