Deck 4: Career Counseling Without Borders: Moving Beyond Traditional Career Practices of Helping

Question 1

The systems approach to career counseling addresses situations as a whole, rather than looking at the individual parts of the situation.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The MAD model focuses on helping clients apply strategies to become more cultural self- aware.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The American Counseling Association (ACA) adopted the Multicultural Com- petencies in 2008 as a response to the growing need for counselors to implement advocacy interventions.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Social justice is defined by the chapter as the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within a society.

Question 5

Multicultural Counseling Competencies (MCCs) are framed around three areas:(a) counselors' awareness of their own cultural values, biases, and assumptions;(b) counselors' understanding of the effect of their world view on clients; and(c) adopting newer culturally appropriate intervention strategies and techniques.

Question 6

A school counselor collaborates with local businesses to conduct career work- shops for individuals with disabilities. This is an example of a counselor working in which arena as described in the ACA Advocacy Competencies?

A) Client/student level
B) Public level
C) School/community level
D) All of the above

Question 7

An individual's culture can be made up of both observable and unobservable aspects. Which of the following is an example of an observable aspect of a cli- ent's culture?

A) Praying the rosary for nine nights after the death of a family member
B) Speaking Spanish
C) Preparing a meal of tacos, carne asada, and menudo
D) All of the above

Question 8

The 1960s introduced the concept of multicultural counseling literature, which later prompted the development of which counseling organization?

A) Association for Non-White Concerns (ANWC)
B) American Personnel and Guidance Association (APGA)
C) American Counseling Association (ACA)
D) None of the above

Question 9

The Multicultural Counseling Competencies (Sue, Arredondo, & McDavis, 1992) are framed around three areas that include the following primary domains:

A) Knowledge, skills, awareness
B) Values, knowledge, skills
C) Beliefs, skills, awareness
D) None of the above

Question 10

Vespa et al. (2010) agreed that traditional career development theories espoused Western European values. Which of the following did Vespa et al. not cite as a manifestation of these values?

A) Separation between work and family
B) Linear career development process
C) Value of individuality and autonomy
D) Women's role in the home

Question 11

Match the event(s) to the era.

-Ethnicity

A) Historically refers to racial and ethnic individual and group differences, buthas been broadened in definition
B) Has to do with an individual's identification with a cultural group basedon factors such as country of origin, language,
Sociopolitical history, and religion
C) Relates to individual and group differences based on factors such as race,ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, economic class,
Religion, spiritual orientation, age, and disability status
D) Is a social construct that categorizes individuals based on skin pigmentationand other physical attributes
E) Relates to characteristics, values, behaviors, products, and worldviews of agroup of people with a distinct sociohistorical context

Question 12

Match the event(s) to the era.

-Diversity

A) Historically refers to racial and ethnic individual and group differences, buthas been broadened in definition
B) Has to do with an individual's identification with a cultural group basedon factors such as country of origin, language,
Sociopolitical history, and religion
C) Relates to individual and group differences based on factors such as race,ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, economic class,
Religion, spiritual orientation, age, and disability status
D) Is a social construct that categorizes individuals based on skin pigmentationand other physical attributes
E) Relates to characteristics, values, behaviors, products, and worldviews of agroup of people with a distinct sociohistorical context

Question 13

Match the event(s) to the era.

-Multiculturalism

A) Historically refers to racial and ethnic individual and group differences, buthas been broadened in definition
B) Has to do with an individual's identification with a cultural group basedon factors such as country of origin, language,
Sociopolitical history, and religion
C) Relates to individual and group differences based on factors such as race,ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, economic class,
Religion, spiritual orientation, age, and disability status
D) Is a social construct that categorizes individuals based on skin pigmentationand other physical attributes
E) Relates to characteristics, values, behaviors, products, and worldviews of agroup of people with a distinct sociohistorical context

Question 14

Match the event(s) to the era.

-Race

A) Historically refers to racial and ethnic individual and group differences, buthas been broadened in definition
B) Has to do with an individual's identification with a cultural group basedon factors such as country of origin, language,
Sociopolitical history, and religion
C) Relates to individual and group differences based on factors such as race,ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, economic class,
Religion, spiritual orientation, age, and disability status
D) Is a social construct that categorizes individuals based on skin pigmentationand other physical attributes
E) Relates to characteristics, values, behaviors, products, and worldviews of agroup of people with a distinct sociohistorical context

Question 15

Match the event(s) to the era.

-Culture

A) Historically refers to racial and ethnic individual and group differences, buthas been broadened in definition
B) Has to do with an individual's identification with a cultural group basedon factors such as country of origin, language,
Sociopolitical history, and religion
C) Relates to individual and group differences based on factors such as race,ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, economic class,
Religion, spiritual orientation, age, and disability status
D) Is a social construct that categorizes individuals based on skin pigmentationand other physical attributes
E) Relates to characteristics, values, behaviors, products, and worldviews of agroup of people with a distinct sociohistorical context

Question 16

As the population of our clientele becomes ever more diverse, career counselors are realizing that traditional career methods of helping should be standardized so they apply to everyone.

Question 17

The demographic shift in the US population means that increasing numbers of diverse clients are entering the workforce, and thus likely to seek career counseling.

Question 18

Western theories of career development have been identified to be mostly effec- tive with diverse populations because of their attention to cultural and contextual factors.

Question 19

Race is a social construct that categorizes individuals based on skin pigmenta- tion and other physical attributes.

Question 20

The term "diversity" refers to individual and group differences based on factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, economic class, religion, spiritual orientation, age, and disability status to a few.

Question 21

Observable aspects of culture may include gender role expectations, family structure, communication styles, and orientation to time.

Question 22

Universal dimensions of existence are the needs that all human beings have regardless of individual or group needs.

Question 23

Oppression is simply not an ideology or set of beliefs that asserts one group's superiority over another. Nor is it random acts of discrimination or harassment toward members of the subordinate group. It is a system of domination with many interlocking parts.

Question 24

Social justice counseling is mostly a process rather than a goal.

Question 25

Career counselors who operate out of a social justice framework are often referred to as change justice gurus.

Question 26

Multicultural counseling is the preparation and practices that integrate multi- cultural and culture-specific awareness, knowledge, and skills into counseling interactions.

Question 27

The career development field has overemphasized "person variables" such as clients' abilities, needs, and interests which has contributed to the lack of

Question 28

A key element to multicultural career counseling is to operate without a fixed framework so one is more open throughout the career counseling process.

Question 29

A systems approach to career counseling emphasizes both the parts within a whole system and views the whole system as greater than the sum of its parts.

Question 30

In 2010, Jane Goodman, then President of the ACA, commissioned a task force to develop advocacy competencies for the profession.

Question 31

The American Counseling Association (ACA) adopted the Advocacy Compe- tencies in 2010 as a response to the growing need for counselors to implement advocacy interventions.

Question 32

Multiculturalism and social justice are "two sides of the same coin."

Question 33

The Multicultural and Advocacy Dimensions (MAD) model describes the emotional process a counselor and client experience in working through oppression.

Question 34

Clients who experience conscientizacao, especially those from marginalized groups, begin to realize that many of the career obstacles they experience have to do with how the world is structured.

Question 35

The Advocacy Competencies consist of four levels of intervention.