Question 1

Which of the following sign/ symptom is not present in patient with hemorrhagic shock?&#10;A)tachycardia&#10;B)hypotension&#10;C)rapid pulse&#10;D)hypertension

Accepted Answer

patient with shock present with tachycardia hypotension and rapid pulse because heart try to compensate and maintain cardiac output. Hypertension does not occurs as there is continuous loss of blood.

Question 2

Hemorrhages occurs within 24 hours of injury or surgery is?&#10;A)primary&#10;B)secondary&#10;C)reactionary&#10;D)none of above

Accepted Answer

Reactionary hemorrhages is delayed hemorrhages occurs within 24 hours of injury secondary occurs within 7 to 14 days.

Question 3

How much percent of blood loss endure a human body total without producing serious medical complication ?&#10;A)5-10%&#10;B)10-15%&#10;C)15-20%&#10;D)20-25%

Accepted Answer

A loss of 10-15% blood volume cannot produce complications and his blood pressure and cardiac output remain normal. So it can not endanger life. More than this can produce complications.

Question 4

Which of the following is concealed hemorrhages ?&#10;A)Hemorrhages from occult GI bleeding&#10;B)hematoma&#10;C)rupture aortic aneurysm&#10;D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

concealed hemorrhages is contained within body cavity. In trauma hemorrhages must be concealed with in cavity and must be investigated, all of the above conceal hemorrhages

Question 5

Main culprit in death of a patient due to bleeding is?&#10;A)Low cardiac output&#10;B)high blood pressure&#10;C)tachycardia&#10;D)increased pulse

Accepted Answer

low cardiac output occurs due to Hypovolemia which is a massive decrease in blood volume, and death by excessive loss of blood. Other conditions such as low blood pressure, tachycardia, can occurs but are less danger in causing death.

Question 6

During bleeding, the following mechanism in the body occurs except?&#10;A)Vascular spasm, vasoconstriction,&#10;B)Formation of a platelet plug&#10;C)Vasodilation&#10;D)Blood clotting or coagulation

Accepted Answer

Hemostasis is the natural process of stopping blood flow or loss of blood following an injury. It has three stages: (1) vascular spasm, vasoconstriction, or intense contraction of blood vessels, (2) formation of a platelet plug and (3) blood clotting or coagulation. Vasodilatation does not occur.

Question 7

25 year old boy with road traffic accident have multiple injuries brought to emergency department. What is initial management plan?&#10;A)vasopressin drugs&#10;B)I)V fluids&#10;C)Mechanical support&#10;D)Ventilation

Accepted Answer

Appropriate treatment usually can be initiated without delaying transport. Some procedures, such as starting intravenous (IV) lines or splinting of extremities, can be performed while a patient is being extricated. However, procedures in the field that prolong transportation should be delayed.

Question 8

During bleeding the pediatric patient's compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output is?&#10;A)decrease heart rate&#10;B)increased heart rate&#10;C)low blood volume&#10;D)high blood volume

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output is influenced by stroke volume and heart rate. Because stroke volume has been shown to be relatively fixed in children, the pediatric patient's compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output is increased heart rate. This is the first defense against blood loss.

Question 9

Special consideration in the management of hypovolemic shock in children is the importance of?&#10;A)temperature regulation&#10;B)children age&#10;C)respiration&#10;D)oxygen

Accepted Answer

As the children have a larger surface area compared to weight and less subcutaneous tissue than adults. Children are unable to regulate their core temperate that why temperature regulation is important in the management of hypovolemic shock in children.

Question 10

A 10 year old child fall from the roof of house there were no revealed hemorrhages. What make children more vulnerable to internal injury trauma?&#10;A)large surface area&#10;B)high elasticity&#10;C)small surface area&#10;D)more flexible bone

Accepted Answer

The child's body makes it susceptible to different injury patterns than adults. Simply by virtue of their size, there is more force per square inch of body surface than adults. In children, the abdomen begins at the level of the nipple and both the supple rib cage and underdeveloped abdominal muscles afford little protection to internal organs. This makes children vulnerable to injury, and as a result multi-organ injury is more frequent. Since a child's bones are more flexible than adult's, it is possible for a child to have serious internal injuries without fracture.

Question 11

Which of the following complication can occur after massive blood transfusion?&#10;A)Coagulopathy&#10;B)hypocalcaemia&#10;C)hypothermia&#10;D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following complication can occur...

Deck 2: Bleeding