Deck 1: Biomedical

Question 1

Johnny is a 6-year-old boy who fell and broke his arm. His doctors are expecting a quick recovery, since he is so young. Which of the following types of bone cells are highly active in growing children and responsible for the active building of bone matrix?

A)Osteoblasts
B)Osteoclasts
C)Osteocytes
D)Both A and C
E)A, B, and C

Answer 1

Osteoblasts

Question 2

Which of the following is/are responsible for transmitting air into the lungs?

A)Pharynx
B)Bronchioles
C)Pulmonary epithelium
D)Both A and B
E)A, B, and C

Answer 2

Both A and B

Question 3

On an electrocardiogram, which of the following correlates with the relaxation of the ventricles?

A)P wave
B)QRS wave complex
C)T wave
D)Both B and C

Answer 3

T wave

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?

A)Remove water from contents
B)Absorb vitamins
C)Receive common bile
D)Both A and B
E)All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of the temporal lobe of the brain?

A)Language
B)Memory
C)Processing of auditory information
D)B and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 6

Which of the following sex hormones are primarily made by adult ovaries?

A)Estrogen
B)Progesterone
C)Testosterone
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 7

Which of the following is a component of a DNA or RNA nucleotide?

A)A molecule of phosphoric acid
B)A molecular base of a purine or pyrimidine
C)A molecule of sugar
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 8

Which of the following would be considered a lipid?

A)Fatty acids
B)Glycogen
C)Cholesterol
D)A and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 9

Which of the following parts of the cell is where protein synthesis occurs?

A)Ribosome
B)Cell wall
C)Nucleus
D)A and B

Question 10

Which of the following types of RNA is responsible for bringing the information that contains the order of amino acids needed to build proteins from the nucleus to the ribosome?

A)mRNA
B)tRNA
C)rRNA
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 11

Which of the following biochemical reactions occurs in the nucleus?

A)DNA replication during mitosis
B)DNA repair
C)Protein synthesis
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 12

Alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets are characteristics of which of the following levels of protein structures?

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Tertiary
D)Quaternary
E)A and B

Question 13

Which of the following bacteria is considered a prokaryote?

A)Chlamydia
B)Rickettsia
C)Mycobacterium
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 14

Which of the following choices are considered barriers of nonspecific immunity?

A)Skin
B)Gastrointestinal tract
C)Respiratory tract
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 15

Which of the following types of lymphocytes are responsible for cell-mediated immunity?

A)B-lymphocytes
B)T-lymphocytes
C)S-lymphocytes
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 16

Which of the following bacteria is responsible for the highest number of deaths worldwide?

A)Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B)Streptococcus pneumoniae
C)Plasmodium malariae
D)Staphylococcus aureus

Question 17

Which of the following bacteria causes syphilis?

A)Treponema pallidum
B)Neisseria gonorrhoeae
C)Pneumocystis jiroveci
D)Haemophilus ducreyi
E)Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 18

Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases are not bacterial?

A)Syphilis
B)Candidiasis
C)Trichomoniasis
D)B and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 19

Which of the following parts of the cell consists of a lipid bilayer?

A)Nucleus
B)Ribosome
C)Cell membrane
D)B and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 20

Which of the following describes the telophase of mitosis?

A)The chromosomes gather together and condense.
B)The chromosomes attach to spindle fibers.
C)The chromosomes divide and are pulled to opposite poles.
D)New nuclear membranes form, and the cytoplasm divides to form two daughter cells.

Question 21

Which of the following nucleotides always pairs with adenine?

A)Guanine
B)Cytosine
C)Thymine
D)Taurine
E)A and C

Question 22

Which of the following terms describes the process of forming proteins from RNA?

A)Transcription
B)Translation
C)Promotion
D)Transferal

Question 23

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the transcription process of creating RNA?

A)DNA Transcriptionase
B)RNA Transcriptionase
C)DNA Polymerase
D)RNA Polymerase

Question 24

Which of the following is considered to be the first therapeutic compound created by biotechnology?

A)Insulin
B)Estrogen
C)Infliximab
D)Testosterone

Question 25

Which of the following accurately describes an antigen?

A)The strength of binding between a paratope and an epitope
B)A protein made by B-lymphocytes when molecules are recognized as non-self molecules
C)A type of molecule that creates an antibody-mediated immune response
D)Responses that bring leukocytes and chemokines to an infection site

Question 26

Which of the following types of cells are considered lymphoid cells?

A)Natural killer cells
B)B-lymphocytes
C)T-lymphocytes
D)B and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 27

Which of the following organs are considered primary lymphoid organs?

A)Spleen
B)Bone marrow
C)Lymph nodes
D)B and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 28

Which of the following cells are involved in innate immunity?

A)Monocytes
B)Macrophages
C)Neutrophils
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 29

Which of the following describes adaptive immunity?

A)The cells involved recognize specific antigens.
B)The immune system develops memory to protect the body against the same pathogens for life.
C)It involves the use of monocytes and macrophages.
D)A and B
E)A, B, and C

Question 30

Which of the following are responsible for signal transmission between leukocytes?

A)Cytokines
B)Lymphocytes
C)Chemokines
D)A and C
E)A, B, and C

Question 31

Which of the following is used to measure forced vital capacity?

A)Goniometer
B)Sphygmomanometer
C)Spirometer
D)None of the above

Question 32

Which of the following is used to measure blood pressure?

A)Goniometer
B)Sphygmomanometer
C)Spirometer
D)None of the above.

Question 33

Which of the following are not typical symptoms/complications of GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)?

A)Heartburn and increased salivation (water brash)
B)Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) odynopahgia (painful swallowing)
C)Esophageal strictures, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal cancer
D)Headaches, diarrhea, and anorexia

Question 34

Concerning ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a risk factor for colon cancer.
B)Crohn's disease (CD) can appear anywhere from the mouth to the rectum.
C)UC has a continuous pattern of GI inflammation.
D)CD has a continuous pattern of GI inflammation.

Question 35

Which of the following are not signs/symptoms/complications of anemia of chronic kidney disease?

A)Red blood cells are macrocytic and the MCV (mean corpuscular volume) is normal.
B)The hematocrit is low, usually less than 30.
C)The red blood cells are normocytic and normochromic.
D)Fatigue, irritability, sore tongue, shortness of breath, and weakness are all common symptoms.

Question 36

Which of the following statement(s) about A₁c is/are untrue?

A)Measurement of A₁c correlates approximately with the lifespan of a red blood cell, about 6-8 months.
B)Normal A₁c should be at 4-6%.
C)A₁c gives an approximation of glucose control in a patient corresponding to the previous 3-4 months.
D)A₁c will also be raised in chronic renal failure.

Question 37

Of the following lab values, which show incorrect normal values?

A)WBC, 4000-11,000/mm³
B)Cardiac troponin I> 10mcg/mL
C)TSH 0.5-4.8mlU/mL
D)Fasting glucose: 70-100mg/dL
E)Partial Thromboplastin time (PTT): 4-5 minutes
F)Triglycerides<200mg/dL
G)Total cholesterol <200 mg/dL
H)Fasting glucose: 70-100mg/dL.

Question 38

Which of the following is a life-threatening adverse reaction?
I. Cholesterol emboli
II. Adynamic ileus
III. Lupus nephritis
IV. Hyperkalemia

A)I and II only
B)I, II, and III only
C)I and IV only
D)All of the above may be life-threatening

Question 39

Which of the following are not signs/symptoms of cholesterol embolism?

A)Sudden hypotension
B)Weak pulse
C)Cyanosis
D)Increased basal temperature.

Question 40

Which of the following lab values represents a mean plasma glucose of 240 mg/dL?

A)A₁c= 6%
B)A₁c= 7%
C)A₁c= 8%
D)A₁c= 9%

Question 41

Which of the following tests may be used to monitor liver function?

A)Troponin I
B)B-type natriuretic protein (BNP)
C)Free thyroxine(T4)
D)Prothrombin time (PT)

Question 42

Concerning schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, which of the following statements is false?

A)Schizophrenia is characterized by hallucinations and/or delusions.
B)Bipolar disorder is an episodic illness marked by symptoms of depression alternating with symptoms of mania or hypomania.
C)First-line treatment of acute manic episodes specifically excludes Lithium.
D)Schizophrenia can respond to either typical or atypical anti-psychotics.

Question 43

What do IND and NDA stand for respectively?

A)Interdependent Nerve Disorder, Neurological Disease Activity
B)Investigation Network Delivery, New Drug Application
C)Investigation New Drug, Neurological Dosing Accuracy
D)Investigation New Drug, New Drug Application

Question 44

Which of the following dosage forms would be the best option to avoid first-pass metabolism?

A)A transdermal patch
B)Sublingual tablet
C)A liquid preparation
D)Time-release capsule

Question 45

Which of the following is a symptom/sign of pericardial effusion?
I. Tachycardia
II. Muffled heart sounds
III. Jugular vein distention
IV. Cyanosis

A)I, II, and III only
B)II, III, and IV only
C)I and IV only
D)All are symptoms of pericardial effusion.

Question 46

Which of the following chemical modifications would likely increase the water solubility of a drug?

A)Conversion of an anhydrous form to a tri-hydrate
B)Conversion from a crystalline to an amorphous form
C)The addition of a lipophilic side group
D)The removal of a hydroxyl group

Question 47

Which of the following are not signs/symptoms/complications of lupus-like syndrome?

A)Joint paint
B)Fever
C)Red, scaly, macular rash
D)Arrhythmia

Question 48

Which of the following is not considered a sign of a stroke?

A)Sudden, unexplained seizure
B)Weakness or numbness of the face or extremity
C)Sudden loss of balance or a sudden vision loss
D)Sudden confusion

Question 49

Which of the following are not signs/symptoms of pseudomembranous colitis?

A)Bloody diarrhea
B)Abdominal cramps
C)Recent antibiotic use
D)Constipation