Deck 13: Mechanical Ventilators: General-Use Devices

Question 1

What is the range for the delivered tidal volume for an adult on the Dräger EvitaXL?

A) 0 to 1.0 L
B) 0 to 1.2 L
C) 0 to 1.5 L
D) 0 to 2.0 L

Answer 1

B
The adult range for tidal volume is 0 to 1.2 liters.

Question 2

What is meant by the term "proportional pressure support" on a Dräger V500?

A) The level of pressure support is applied in proportion to the patient's breathing effort.
B) The level of pressure support is inversely proportional to the patient's inspiratory effort.
C) The level of pressure support is applied in proportion to the inspired tidal volume.
D) The level of pressure support is applied in proportion to the work of breathing.

Answer 2

A
Proportional pressure support is a spontaneous breathing mode in which the pressure support is applied in proportion to the patient's breathing effort.

Question 3

What modes of ventilation on the Dräger V500 allow for the use of autoflow?

A) It can be used only in spontaneous modes of ventilation such as pressure support and continuous positive airway pressure.
B) It can be used in pressure-targeted modes such as pressure assist control and pressure synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation.
C) It can be used in any volume-targeted mode of ventilation, such as continuous mandatory ventilation, synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation, or mandatory minute ventilation.
D) It can be used with any mode of ventilation.

Answer 3

C
Autoflow is a dual control mode of ventilation.It can be activated when a volume-targeted mode of ventilation is selected,such as continuous mandatory ventilation,synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation,or maximum voluntary ventilation.

Question 4

At what point in the ventilatory cycle is auto-PEEP measured on a Dräger EvitaXL?

A) Peak inspiration
B) Inspiratory pause
C) Mid-expiration
D) Expiratory hold

Question 5

The inspiratory rise time on the CareFusion AVEA is set on one.What is the significance of this setting?

A) This results in an inspiratory pause
B) There is a slow rise in inspiratory pressure
C) Inspiration is delayed by one tenth of a second
D) There is a rapid rise in inspiratory pressure

Question 6

Which of the following respiratory mechanics can be measured with the CareFusion AVEA?
1)Esophageal pressure measurement
2)Peak inspiratory pressure/P₁₀₀
3)Inflection point
4)Auto-PEEP

A) 1 only
B) 1 and 3
C) 2,3,and 4
D) 1,2,3,and 4

Question 7

Which of the following on a Dräger Evita XL is considered to be a dual control mode?

A) Continuous mandatory ventilation
B) Autoflow
C) Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation
D) Mandatory minute ventilation

Question 8

What modes of ventilation on the CareFusion AVEA provide apnea backup ventilation?
1)Volume assist/control
2)Volume synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation
3)Airway pressure release ventilation/biphasic
4)Continuous positive airway pressure/pressure support ventilation

A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2
C) 2 and 3
D) 2,3,and 4

Question 9

Which of the following is (are)used in the measurement of tidal volume on a CareFusion AVEA ventilator?
1)Variable-orifice pneumotachometer
2)Pressure differential pneumotachometer
3)Ultrasonic flow sensor
4)Hot wire flow sensing device

A) 1 only
B) 1 and 4
C) 2 and 3
D) 1,3,and 4

Question 10

What positive end-expiratory pressure levels are available on the Dräger V500?

A) 0 to 30 cm H₂O
B) 0 to 40 cm H₂O
C) 0 to 50 cm H₂O
D) 0 to 60 cm H₂O

Question 11

The Carefusion Avea ventilator is being used during transport; the electrical power source in the ambulance fails.How long will the internal power source allow the ventilator to function?

A) About 10 minutes
B) About 20 minutes
C) About 30 minutes
D) About 40 minutes

Question 12

What is the available range for tidal volume when the CareFusion AVEA is used in the adult mode?

A) 0 to 1500 mL
B) 100 to 2000 mL
C) 100 to 2500 mL
D) 100 to 3000 mL

Question 13

How long does the internal battery of the CareFusion AVEA power the ventilator and compressor?

A) About 20 minutes
B) About 30 minutes
C) About 40 minutes
D) About 50 minutes

Question 14

What is measured by the P₀.₀₁ on the Dräger EvitaXL?

A) Respiratory muscle strength
B) Neurogenic drive
C) Inspiratory flow rate
D) Intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure

Question 15

What mode of ventilation is used on the Dräger V500 to provide a minimum expired volume?

A) Minimum minute volume
B) Augmented ventilation
C) Mandatory minute volume ventilation
D) Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation

Question 16

What is the range of respiratory rates that can be provided by the Dräger V500?

A) 0 to 100 breaths/min
B) 0 to 125 breaths/min
C) 0 to 150 breaths/min
D) 0 to 200 breaths/min

Question 17

What is the range for trigger sensitivity on the Dräger EvitaXL?

A) 0.3 to 15 L/min
B) 1.0 to 18 L/min
C) 1.5 to 25 L/min
D) 2.0 to 30 L/min

Question 18

What mixture of helium:oxygen can be administered with the CareFusion AVEA?

A) 60% helium:40% oxygen
B) 70% helium:30% oxygen
C) 80% helium:20% oxygen
D) 90% helium:10% oxygen

Question 19

What is the maximum pressure limit in the CareFusion AVEA?

A) 80 cm H₂O
B) 90 cm H₂O
C) 100 cm H₂O
D) 120 cm H₂O

Question 20

Which of the following statements describes how a sigh breath is delivered on an Dräger Evita XL ventilator?

A) Every 100 breaths the delivered tidal volume is doubled.
B) The positive end-expiratory pressure level is increased to the sigh pressure for 2 consecutive breaths.
C) The tidal volume is increased to set sigh volume.
D) The sigh results in doubling the inspiratory time every 100 breaths.

Question 21

What level of pressure support is available on the Hamilton G5?

A) 0 to 70 cm H₂O
B) 0 to 80 cm H₂O
C) 0 to 90 cm H₂O
D) 0 to 100 cm H₂O

Question 22

What is the range for adjustment of the expiratory sensitivity on the Covidien PB 840?

A) 1% to 50%
B) 1% to 60%
C) 1% to 70%
D) 1% to 80%

Question 23

What range of pressure support is available on the Covidien PB 840?

A) 0 to 60 cm H₂O
B) 0 to 70 cm H₂O
C) 0 to 80 cm H₂O
D) 0 to 90 cm H₂O

Question 24

What is the range for setting the level of flow trigger on the Hamilton G5?

A) 0.1 to 10 L/min
B) 0.1 to 15 L/min
C) 0.1 to 20 L/min
D) 0.1 to 25 L/min

Question 25

What is the range for adjustment of the inspiratory pressure on the Covidien PB 840?

A) 0 to 80 cm H₂O
B) 5 to 90 cm H₂O
C) 10 to 100 cm H₂O
D) 10 to 125 cm H₂O

Question 26

What is the range for expiratory trigger sensitivity on the Hamilton G5?

A) 5% to 70% of peak inspiratory flow
B) 10% to 70% of peak inspiratory flow
C) 10% to 80% of peak inspiratory flow
D) 10% to 90% of peak inspiratory flow

Question 27

Which of the following can be monitored with the Covidien PB 840?
1)Leak flow and volume
2)Dynamic compliance and airway resistance
3)Work of breathing during proportional assist ventilation
4)Peak spontaneous flow

A) 1 and 3
B) 2 and 3
C) 1,3,and 4
D) 1,2,3,and 4

Question 28

What level of pressure support is available on the GE Carestation?

A) 0 to 30 cm H₂O
B) 0 to 40 cm H₂O
C) 0 to 50 cm H₂O
D) 0 to 60 cm H₂O

Question 29

When an inspiratory pause is used on a Hamilton G5,what is the percentage of the cycle time it can be set for?

A) 0 to 50%
B) 0 to 60%
C) 0 to 70%
D) 0 to 80%

Question 30

What is the available range for the respiratory rate when the Maquet Servoᶦ is used in the continuous mandatory ventilation mode?

A) 1 to 60 breaths/min
B) 1 to 80 breaths/min
C) 4 to 100 breaths/min
D) 4 to 125 breaths/min

Question 31

Which of the following is the available range for pressure support on the Maquet Servoᶦ?

A) 0 to (120 cm H₂O - positive end-expiratory pressure)
B) 0 to (100 cm H₂O - positive end-expiratory pressure)
C) 0 to (80 cm H₂O - positive end-expiratory pressure)
D) 0 to (60 cm H₂O - positive end-expiratory pressure)

Question 32

When proportional assist ventilation is used on the Covidien PB 840,what percentage of support is available?

A) 0 to 50%
B) 5% to 60%
C) 10% to 70%
D) 10% to 80%

Question 33

What tidal volume can be delivered by the GE Carestation?

A) 10 to 1200 mL
B) 10 to 1500 mL
C) 20 to 2000 mL
D) 20 to 2500 mL

Question 34

What range of pressure can be displayed on the user interface on the Covidien PB 840?

A) -20 to 100 cm H₂O
B) -20 to 130 cm H₂O
C) -20 to 150 cm H₂O
D) -20 to 180 cm H₂O

Question 35

Which of the following statements best describes the function of proportional assist ventilation on the Covidien PB 840?

A) The percentage of the work done by the patient is adjusted by the ventilator monitoring the work of breathing.
B) The percentage of the work done by the ventilator is automatically reduced as the compliance and resistance is improving.
C) The operator sets a percentage of the work of breathing that is done by the ventilator; the remainder of the work of breathing is done by the patient.
D) The ventilator adjusts the amount of work done by the ventilator based on continuous monitoring of the partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide and the oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximeter.

Question 36

Which of the following statements best describes the use of adaptive pressure ventilation on the Hamilton G5?

A) The level of pressure support is directly proportional to the peak inspiratory pressure.
B) The rise time is adjusted automatically to optimize volume delivery.
C) Volume targeting is provided with pressure-controlled ventilation.
D) Pressure-targeted breaths are provided to minimize risk of barotrauma.

Question 37

What respiratory rate is available on the GE Carestation?

A) 1 to 100 breaths/min
B) 1 to 120 breaths/min
C) 1 to 150 breaths/min
D) 1 to 200 breaths/min

Question 38

Which of the following statements best describes the volume support mode on the Covidien PB 840?

A) The ventilator ensures that a minimum of 80% of the set tidal volume is delivered with each breath.
B) The ventilator delivers volume-targeted breaths with each inspiratory effort.
C) The ventilator delivers pressure-limited breaths; the pressure is adjusted to ensure that the set tidal volume is delivered.
D) The ventilator delivers pressure-targeted breaths, and the respiratory rate is adjusted to ensure delivery of a preset minute volume.

Question 39

Which of following parameters are measured and displayed on the user interface of a Hamilton G5?
1)Auto-PEEP
2)Peak inspiratory pressure
3)Mean airway pressure
4)Expired minute volume
5)Static compliance

A) 2 and 3
B) 1,3,and 4
C) 1,3,4,and 5
D) 1,2,3,4,and 5

Question 40

What is the range for the tidal volume on the Maquet Servoᶦ?

A) 0 to 1500 mL
B) 100 to 1500 mL
C) 100 to 2000 mL
D) 100 to 2500 mL

Question 41

Which of the following is a difference between the Maquet Servoᶦ and the Maquet Servoˢ?

A) The ServoS is able to deliver larger tidal volumes.
B) The ServoS is able to deliver a mixture of helium and oxygen.
C) The ServoS cannot be used to manage neonatal patients, whereas the Maquet Servoi can be used with neonatal patients.
D) The ServoS can be adapted to deliver oscillatory ventilation.

Question 42

Which of the following statements best describes the application of the Open Lung Tool on the Maquet Servoᶦ?

A) It is used to measure the level of the patient's work of breathing.
B) It is used to prevent overdistention and collapse of the alveolus.
C) It is used to measure the static compliance and the airway resistance.
D) It can be used to select the optimal minute ventilation for the patient.

Question 43

Which of the following can be monitored with the Maquet Servoᶦ?
1)Inspiratory and expiratory resistance
2)Patient work of breathing
3)Work of breathing associated with the ventilator
4)Electrical activity of the diaphragm

A) 1 and 3
B) 2 and 3
C) 1,3,and 4
D) 1,2,3,and 4

Question 44

Which of the following ventilators can be used during magnetic resonance imaging?

A) CareFusion AVEA
B) Covidien PB 840
C) Maquet Servoi
D) Hamilton G-5

Question 45

Which of the following statements best describes automode on the Maquet Servoᶦ?

A) The ventilator adjusts the delivered tidal volume based on the partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide and the oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximeter.
B) The ventilator selects the optimal tidal volume and rate based on the compliance and resistance.
C) The ventilator automatically shifts between controlled ventilation and supported or spontaneous ventilation based on the needs of the patient.
D) The ventilator adjusts the delivered tidal volume based on the measured work of breathing.