Deck 1: Cognitive Psychology: Perception, Memory, and Intelligence

Question 1

Experiments involving infants' perception of 3-D figures, when combined with visual cliff data, suggest that

A)at least some level of depth perception is innate.
B)depth perception is heavily dependent on skillful motor coordination.
C)depth perception is almost entirely learn

Answer 1

at least some level of depth perception is innate.

Question 2

When traveling in a car, near objects seem to move past you faster than distant objects. This is called

A)aerial perspective.
B)linear perspective.
C)relative size.
D)relative motion.

Answer 2

relative motion.

Question 3

Which of the following is considered a monocular cue for depth?

A)convergence
B)accommodation
C)depth perspective
D)singularity

Answer 3

convergence

Question 4

According to Goleman the ability to "read" others accurately is an aspect of

A)emotional intelligence
B)practical intelligence
C)artificial intelligence
D)inter-personal intelligence

Question 5

The most basic perceptual organization is

A)shape constancy.
B)depth perception.
C)figure-grou

Question 6

According to the interference theory of forgetting,

A)memory capacity is limited so that when new information is brought in, older memories must be removed.
B)new learning can inhibit the retrieval of stored memory, and vice-versa.
C)forgetting is directly related to the complexity and meaningfulness of the incoming information.
D)cues present at the time of learning interfere with memory retrieval.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of rehearsal of information?

A)rehearsal is an aid to maintaining information in sensory memory.
B)after 45 seconds without rehearsal, information is gone from stm.
C)rehearsal interferes with chunking and recoding of information in stm.
D)rehearsal aids the transfer of information from stm to ltm.

Question 8

__________ memory is that part of long-term memory containing factual information.

A)episodic
B)semantic
C)declarative
D)procedural

Question 9

Evolutionary explanations for the efficiency of memory argue

A)it is important to retrieve all past memories.
B)total recall would paralyze us mentally.
C)past episodic memories are highly accurate and detail

Question 10

The kind of memory that lasts for only a second or two is

A)long-term memory.
B)short-term memory.
C)eidetic memory.
D)sensory memory.

Question 11

__________ is known for memorizing nonsense syllables and plotting a curve of forgetting.

A)luria
B)mnemonic
C)ebbinghaus
D)loftus

Question 12

__________ memory is that part of long-term memory made up of conditioned responses and learned skills.

A)episodic
B)semantic
C)fact
D)skill

Question 13

If you wanted to enhance creativity, you would want to

A)isolate yourself.
B)make a rash decision.
C)dig deeper into a problem with logic.
D)look for analogies.

Question 14

Thought that involves going from general principles to specific situations is called __________ reasoning.

A)deductive
B)inductive
C)divergent
D)intuitive

Question 15

Speed of processing has been measured by which of the following techniques?

A)the number of mistakes a person makes
B)the amount of time a person needs to clap their hands when instructed
C)the brain activity that follows exposure to a stimulus
D)how quickly a person can blink their eyes after being told to do so

Question 16

The term "g-factor," written about by Neisser, refers to

A)generation factors.
B)general abilities.
C)gardner factors.
D)group factors.

Question 17

The best summary statement regarding the role of heredity on human intelligence is that

A)heredity may impose upper limits on intelligence.
B)heredity may impose lower limits on intelligence.
C)intelligence is almost completely related to genetic inheritance.
D)the similarity in iq scores among maternal relatives is greater than that among

Question 18

The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

A)was specifically designed to test adult intelligence.
B)provides separate scores for performance intelligence and verbal intelligence.
C)is completely culturally fair, in that children of different cultures do just as well as children in this culture.
D)assumes that intellectual ability in childhood improves as age increases.

Question 19

Cross-cultural studies during the last thirty years show

A)virtually no changes in measured intelligence.
B)iq gains of about 5 points.
C)evidence of genetic drift.
D)iq gains that are typically 15 points.

Question 20

The correlation of intelligence test scores between identical twins is

A)higher when they are raised together than when they are raised apart.
B)lower than that for fraternal twins raised together.
C)the same as that for any other blood relatives.
D)the same whether they are reared together or apart.

Question 21

The global capacity to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with the environment is known as:

A)intelligence
B)achievement
C)aptitude
D)autism

Question 22

Who has regarded intelligence as a capacity of the organism to adjust itself to an increasingly complex environment?

A)guilford
B)jensen
C)spencer
D)gallon

Question 23

The concept of "Intelligence Quotient" was devised by a German psychologist:

A)spencer
B)stern
C)thurstone
D)e. g. boring

Question 24

Culture-free tests of intelligence were developed by:

A)galton
B)spencer
C)cattell
D)wechsler

Question 25

Two-factory of intelligence was advanced by:

A)galton
B)carl spearman
C)spencer
D)terman

Question 26

Guilford's cubical model provides for:

A)150 factors of intelligence
B)120 factors of intelligence
C)125 factors of intelligence
D)130 factors of intelligence

Question 27

Vernon has proposed that elements of G- factor theory and the multifactor theories can be combined to form a/an:

A)monarchic theory
B)unitary theory
C)hierarchical theory
D)anarchic theory

Question 28

Who viewed that intelligence is an adaptive process that involves an interplay of biological maturation and interaction with the environment?

A)david wechsler
B)jean piaget
C)lewis terman
D)jerome bruner

Question 29

According to Sternberg, the ability to analyze and evaluate ideas, solve problems, and make decisions is best described as

A)logical intelligence.
B)analytical intelligence.
C)practical intelligence.
D)essential intelligence.

Question 30

Which construct from Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence includes the ability to find the best fit between the individual and the environment?

A)creative
B)practical
C)incremental
D)linguistic

Question 31

The first intelligence test was constructed at the bequest of a western government in order to identify children who were:

A) gifted
B)mentally retarded.
C)socially challeng

Question 32

Which intelligence theorist did/does not believe that environment plays a role in the development of intelligence?

A)sternberg
B)cattell
C)bandura
D)spearman

Question 33

Which of the following constructs of intelligence is proposed by Gardner?

A)bodily kinesthetic
B)biopsychological
C)crystallized
D)cultural

Question 34

Who proposed that the g factor represents the highest-order common factor among individual differences in IQ?

A)chomsky
B)spearman
C)skinner
D)binet

Question 35

Crystallized intelligence develops:

A)independent of education.
B)based on one's culture.
C)from chemical reactions.
D)from biological evolution.

Question 36

J.P. Guilford's multifactor theory is a

A)two-dimensional theory
B)three-dimensional theory
C)four-dimensional theory
D)none of the above