Deck 3: Biology

Question 1

Which of the following is the site of protein synthesis?

A)Cell wall
B)Ribosomes
C)Vacuoles
D)DNA polymerase
E)RNA polymerase

Answer 1

Ribosomes

Question 2

Which of the following participates in DNA replication?

A)RNA polymerase
B)Vacuoles
C)Ribosomes
D)Mitochondria
E)DNA polymerase

Answer 2

DNA polymerase

Question 3

Which of the following is responsible for the coagulation of blood?

A)Neutrophils
B)Plasma
C)Red blood cells
D)Platelets
E)Lymphocytes

Answer 3

Platelets

Question 4

Which of the following is a mammal?

A)Whale
B)Snake
C)Grasshopper
D)Protozoon
E)Chicken

Question 5

Which of the following is a cold-blooded animal?

A)Chicken
B)Protozoon
C)Snake
D)Whale

Question 6

Examples of _________ include ponds, grasslands, and forests.

A)Biome
B)Community
C)Population
D)Niche
E)Ecosystem

Question 7

A person with blood type AB can receive blood can:
I. Receive blood from someone with blood type A
II. Receive blood from someone with blood type B
III. Receive blood from someone with blood type O

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I and II only
E)I, II, and III

Question 8

Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis?

A)Water
B)Carbon monoxide
C)Oxygen
D)Nitrogen
E)Carbon monoxide.

Question 9

Which of the following are required for photosynthesis?
I. Water
II. Carbon dioxide
III. Oxygen

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I and II only
E)II and III only

Question 10

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction EXCEPT:

A)Binary fission
B)Budding
C)Meiosis
D)Parthenogenesis
E)Fragmentation

Question 11

Of the following, which of the groups below has the smallest number of species?

A)Order
B)Kingdom
C)Phylum
D)Class
E)Genus

Question 12

The DNA sequence ATGCCTAGGTC is transcribed to what RNA sequence?

A)CTTGGATCCGTA
B)UACGGAUCCAG
C)TACGGATCCAG
D)CGTAAGCTTGA
E)UAGCCAUGGAC

Question 13

Which of the following describes having three copies of a chromosome?

A)Monosomy
B)Disomy
C)Trisomy
D)Tetrasomy
E)Pentasomy

Question 14

A scientist is studying the inheritance of two traits encoded by two different genes: eye color and hair color. Brown eye color is dominant of green eye color; brunette hair color is dominant over blond hair color. If parent A is homozygous for both brown eyes and brunette hair and parent B is heterozygous for brown eye color and brunette hair, what is the likelihood that an offspring will be born with green eyes and blond hair?

A)50%
B)25%
C)15%
D)10%
E)0%

Question 15

Blood typing can often be used to determine biological fatherhood. Three men, X, Y, and Z, are all possible fathers for child with bood type B. Blood testing determines that the mother's blood type is O. Which blood type must a candidate father have to be eliminated as a possible father?

A)A
B)B
C)AB
D)All of the above
E)None of the above

Question 16

If the father's blood type is AB and the mother's blood type is homozygous B, what is the percent likelihood that their offspring will exhibit type B?

A)0%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%
E)75%.

Question 17

A child was born with blood type B. Three candidate fathers, X, Y, and Z, were found to have blood types A, B, and O, respectively. Which of the candidate fathers cannot be a blood donor to the child above?

A)X
B)Y
C)Z
D)All of the above
E)None of the above

Question 18

What is the most likely explanation for leaves wrapped in white construction paper having the lowest amount of chlorophyll?

A)White paper prevented sunlight from being absorbed by the leaves
B)White paper prevented carbon dioxide from being taken in by the leaves
C)White paper prevented oxygen from being released by the leaves
D)White paper prevented water from being released by the leaves
E)Black paper prevented heat from being absorbed by the leaves.

Question 19

In order of increasing wavelength, the color spectrum ranges in the order of blue-yellow-orange-red. Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between wavelength and photosynthesis?

A)With increasing wavelength, photosynthesis increases.
B)With increasing wavelength, photosynthesis decreases.
C)With increasing wavelength, photosynthesis decreases, then increases.
D)With increasing wavelength, photosynthesis increases, then decreases.
E)With increasing wavelength, photosynthesis does not change.

Question 20

A leaf stored in an indigo sleeve is most likely to produce levels of chlorophyll similar to:

A)White
B)Blue
C)Yellow
D)Red
E)Orange

Question 21

What is the corresponding mRNA sequence to the following DNA sequence AGTCCATGCACAAT?

A)CTGAACTACACCG
B)UCAGGUACGUGUUA
C)TCUGGTUCGTGTTU
D)TCAGGTACGTGTTA
E)TAACACGTACCTGA

Question 22

When a DNA sequence is used to synthesize mRNA, the process is called _________.

A)Translation
B)Transcription
C)Translocation
D)Transduction
E)Translucent

Question 23

An mRNA sequence is divided into three nucleotide sequences called:

A)Codons
B)Anticodons
C)Genes
D)Alleles
E)Splice sites

Question 24

Over the course of 150 years, an area filled with weeds becomes more diverse and weeds are replaced by grasses, shrubs, and ultimately oaks. This process is defined as

A)Mutation
B)Adaptation
C)Succession
D)Divergence
E)Convergence

Question 25

As the dominant plant of the area changes due to succession, what happens to the total biomass of the community?

A)It increases
B)It decreases
C)It remains the same
D)It decreases then increases
E)It increases then decreases

Question 26

When oaks become the dominant plant in the area, the mixture of populations no longer creates changes in the environment. The community is now a climax community. Which of the following events could restart succession?

A)Fire
B)Volcanic eruption
C)Logging
D)Landslide
E)All of the above

Question 27

What color would the pigment be after tap water is added to it? Here is the table for reference:
PH 1-2 Pink/Acid
PH 3-4 Dark Red/Acid
PH 5-6 Violet/Acid
PH 7-8 Blue/Neutral-Base
PH 9-10 Blue-Green/Base
PH 11-12 Green-Yellow/Base

A)Pink
B)Dark red
C)Violet
D)Blue
E)Greenish-yellow

Question 28

Plants get most of their colors from pigments such as chlorophyll. What is the purpose of pigments like red cabbage in nature?

A)Indicate the pH of the soil
B)Contribute to photosynthesis
C)Attract animals
D)Increase heat absorption
E)Prevent water loss

Question 29

As a means to spot prey, both snow leopards and owls have developed extraordinary night vision. This is an example of:

A)Divergent evolution
B)Speciation
C)Coevolution
D)Convergent evolution
E)Biological magnification

Question 30

All of the following are vertebrates except:

A)Toad
B)Tiger
C)Gila monster
D)Lobster
E)Hamster

Question 31

Which of the following is part of the cytoskeleton?

A)Cytoplasm
B)Flagella
C)Ribosomes
D)Golgi bodies
E)Mitochondria

Question 32

In plants, the function of the stamen is to __________.

A)Receive gametes
B)Spread pollen
C)Emit spores
D)Photosynthesize
E)Spread pheromones

Question 33

What is the function of the myelin sheath that surrounds neurons?

A)Increase speed of impulses
B)Maintain polarization
C)Decrease friction
D)Control growth of neurons
E)Oxygen exchange

Question 34

In humans, if an egg is not fertilized, which of the following occurs?

A)Menstruation
B)Ovulation
C)Spike in estrogen levels
D)Spike in progesterone levels
E)Buildup of uterine wall

Question 35

The human body regulates respiration based on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood and _______.

A)Lactic acid in the blood
B)Oxygen in the blood
C)pH of the blood
D)oxygen in the capillaries
E)carbon dioxide in the alveolar sacs

Question 36

The recurring sequence of events that includes the duplication of a cell's contents and its division is called:

A)Meiosis
B)Cell cycle
C)Replication
D)Translation
E)Transcription

Question 37

Compared to succession, evolution is generally ___________.

A)Slower
B)Faster
C)More organized
D)Permanent
E)Similar in rate

Question 38

In an experiment, mice were infected with helminthes and observed for population change. It was found that mice became sickly and the population decreased. This relationship is an example of ________.

A)Commensalism
B)Parasitism
C)Mutualism
D)Competition
E)Community

Question 39

Which of the following can greatly affect the speed of an enzymatic reaction?
I. pH
II. temperature
III. presence of inhibitors

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I and II only
E)I, II, and III only

Question 40

A mutation in DNA that changes the DNA sequence but does not alter the amino acid of a protein is known as ____________.

A)Silent mutation
B)Frameshift mutation
C)Insertion mutation
D)Deletion mutation
E)Point mutation

Question 41

The transfer of genetic materal between a pair of chromosomes is called __________.

A)Translation
B)Transcription
C)Translocation
D)Substitution
E)Transduction

Question 42

A man with blood type AB can produce offspring with the blood type:
I. A
II. B
III. O

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I and II only
E)I, II, and III only

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT considered a building block for a larger, more complex structure?

A)Glucose, a monosaccharide
B)Guanine, a nitrogenous base
C)Alanine, an amino acid
D)Lipase, an enzyme
E)Lactose, a disaccharide

Question 44

During what process can mutations occur?
I. Transcription
II. Translation
III. Replication

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I and II only
E)I, II, and III only

Question 45

What metabolic pathway converts glucose into pyruvate?

A)Hydrolysis
B)Glucogenesis
C)Glycolysis
D)Glycogenesis
E)Glycogenolysis

Question 46

Which of the following processes produces ATP?
I. Oxidative phosphorylation
II. Krebs' cycle
III. Glycolysis

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I and II only
E)I, II, and III only

Question 47

An organism that breathes through primitive lungs, lays soft eggs, and is cold-blooded is most likely a(n) ____________.

A)Reptile
B)Amphibian
C)Mammal
D)Bird
E)Annelid

Question 48

Yeast possess all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

A)Aerobic respiration
B)Cell membrane
C)Eukaryotic
D)Anaerobic respiration
E)Sexual reproduction

Question 49

Which type of bonding is responsible for the formation of a water dimer?

A)Ionic bond
B)Nonpolar covalent bond
C)Polar covalent bond
D)Hydrogen bond
E)Disulfide bond

Question 50

In a double bond, two atoms share how many electrons?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 51

Which of the following is a correct paring of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

A)Cytosine and uracil
B)Adenine and guanine
C)Thymine and cytocine
D)Cytosine and guanine
E)Guanine and uracil

Question 52

According to the heterotroph hypothesis, which of the following is FALSE?

A)Autotrophs evolved only after a source of carbon became available.
B)Heterotrophs fed on the organic material in the primordial soup.
C)Anaerobic autotrophs evolved before aerobic autotrophs.
D)The dominant species on Earth today descended directly from the anaerobic autotrophs and heterotrophs.
E)Photosynthesis was critical to the development of autotrophs.

Question 53

Which of the following statements about coenzymes is FALSE?

A)Coenzymes are non-protein compounds.
B)Some enzymes require more than one coenzyme.
C)Coenzymes can bind to the active site on an enzyme.
D)Coenzymes reduce the speed of enzymatic reactions.
E)Coenzymes can be organic or inorganic.

Question 54

Which of the following can function as an inorganic coenzyme?
I. Iron
II. Magnesium
III. Zinc

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I and II only
E)I, II, and III only

Question 55

Which of the following are required for anaerobic respiration?
I. Pyruvate
II. Oxygen
III. NADH

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I and II only
E)I and III only

Question 56

Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is false?

A)Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a waste product.
B)The dark reaction does not require sunlight.
C)Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast.
D)Sunlight needed for photosynthesis is stored in pigments such as chlorophyll.
E)Photosynthesis results in the production of carbon dioxide.

Question 57

Human somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes. If this is the case, how many chromosomes will gametes produced from these cells contain?

A)10
B)20
C)23
D)46
E)50

Question 58

During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm is divided into two cells by the construction of a cell plate in what types of organisms?
I. Bacteria
II. Plants
III. Animals

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)II and III only
E)I and II only

Question 59

Which of the following statements about the Watson-Crick model of DNA is incorrect?

A)Two strands of DNA are composed together in a double helix.
B)The two strands of DNA run in parallel directions.
C)The structure is maintained by hydrogen bonds.
D)Adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine.
E)The double helix must be uncoiled for DNA replication to occur.

Question 60

During which of the following processes is primary RNA converted into mature RNA?
I. Transcription
II. Translation
III. Posttranscriptional processing

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)II and III only
E)I, II, and III only

Question 61

A gene that can control the activation or repression of other genes is called a:

A)Master gene
B)Regulatory gene
C)Primary gene
D)Linked gene
E)Induction gene

Question 62

Which of the following describes the process by which a bacterial cell is genetically altered as the result of uptake, genomic incorporation, and expression of foreign genetic material?

A)Translation
B)Transcription
C)Transmogrification
D)Transformation
E)Transfection

Question 63

Through which of the following to plants disseminate seeds?

A)Stem
B)Root
C)Flower
D)Leaf
E)Fruit

Question 64

Plants obtain water and nutrients through the environment through:

A)Leaves
B)Roots
C)Seeds
D)Stems
E)Flowers

Question 65

In flowering plants, the reproductive life cycle fluctuates between producing haploid and diploid generations. This is an example of:

A)Asexual reproduction
B)Vegetative propagation
C)Alteration of generation
D)Reproductive ambiguity
E)Sporogenesis

Question 66

In flowering plants, where is the male gamete stored?

A)Stamen
B)Pistil
C)Sepal
D)Petal
E)None of the above

Question 67

Which of the following are involved in sexual reproduction in flowering plants?
I. Sepal
II. Pistil
III. Stamen

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)II and III only
E)I, II, and III only

Question 68

Which of the following statements about plant hormones is false?

A)Plant hormones exist at very low concentrations.
B)Plant hormones affect gene expression and transcription, cellular development, and growth.
C)Plant hormones are not nutrients.
D)Plant hormones are produced by glands.
E)None of the above.

Question 69

In the blood, humans use homeostatic mechanisms to regulate the content of which of the following?

A)Sugars
B)Fats
C)Calcium
D)Pressure
E)All of the above

Question 70

When a sperm cell fuses with an egg cell, this results in the formation of a:

A)Zygote
B)Morula
C)Blastula
D)Gastrula
E)Fetus

Question 71

During what stage of embryonic development does organ differentiation occur?

A)Morula
B)Zygote
C)Fetus
D)Blastula
E)Gastrula

Question 72

The principle of Mendelian inheritance that states that different genes assort independently during gamete formation is calle:

A)Dominance
B)Recessive
C)Segregation
D)Heredity
E)Independent assortment

Question 73

A scientist performing genetic experiments observed that the two alleles for a particular gene were splitting between two gametes during meiosis. What is this called?

A)Segregation
B)Dominance
C)Recessive
D)Independent assortment
E)Allele frequency

Question 74

Which of the following statements about sex-linked traits in humans is true?

A)There is an equal probability of inheritance of the trait in children of both sexes.
B)There are more sex-linked genes on the Y chromosome than on the X chromosome.
C)X-linked traits can only be inherited from the mother.
D)Y-linked traits can only be inherited from the father.
E)Y-linked traits are only inherited by females.

Question 75

Typically only 10% of the energy in one trophic level is passed on to the next. If the producers make 109 kcal of energy, how much energy will be available to the tertiary consumers?

A)10⁸ kcal
B)10⁷ kcal
C)10⁶ kcal
D)10⁵ kcal
E)10⁴kcal

Question 76

Which of the following statements about the r/K selection theory is false?

A)Most organisms actually display both r- and K-traits.
B)R-traits predominate in unstable environments.
C)k-traits predominate in unstable environments.
D)R-traits are typical when organisms need to be able to effectively compete for resources.
E)R-traits are dominant in individuals that must reproduce quickly.

Question 77

Which of the following is not a biotic factor?

A)Spider silk
B)Crude oil
C)Bone
D)Straw
E)Water

Question 78

When two populations have overlapping niches, which of the following ecological processes can occur?
I. Predation
II. Competition
III. Symbiosis

A)II only
B)III only
C)I and II only
D)II and III only
E)I, II, and III

Question 79

What term describes the evolutionary process by which new species arise?

A)Adaptive radiation
B)Lamarkism
C)Speciation
D)Natural selection
E)Sexual selection

Question 80

Which of the following statements about adaptive radiation is false?

A)Adaptive radiation is a rapid process.
B)Phenotypes adapt to the environment.
C)Adaptive radiation often occurs as the result of an organism arising in an environment with an undefined niche.
D)Adaptive radiation results in the creation of numerous species from a single lineage.
E)Adaptive radiation is not driven by natural selection.