Question 1

Paul Gauguin was greatly influenced by non-Western art. In particular, he was greatly affected by objects from where?&#10;A)Africa&#10;B)Oceania&#10;C)Japan&#10;D)South America

Accepted Answer

Paul Gauguin was greatly influenced by non-Western art. In particular, he was greatly affected by objects from Oceania.
Key Takeaway: Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin was a leading Post-Impressionist artist whose bold style led directly to the Synthetist style of modern art. In the late nineteenth century, poor and frustrated by a lack of recognition at home, Gauguin sailed to the tropics to escape Europe. While in Martinique and Tahiti, Gauguin was greatly removed by the people and surroundings and created some of his most famous art. He moved to Punaauia in 1897, after which he only returned to France once.

Question 2

Which of the following is a type of early photograph, first developed by William Talbot, which is characterized by its very grainy quality?&#10;A)Daguerroeotype&#10;B)Photogram&#10;C)Calotype&#10;D)Lithography

Accepted Answer

Calotype is a type of early photography, first developed by William Talbot, which is characterized by its very grainy quality.
Key Takeaway: Calotype is a type of early photography that was initially developed by William H.F. Talbot in 1841. In calotype photography, the photographs are characterized as being very grainy. This form of photography is generally considered to be the "forefather" of all photographic techniques, mainly because it produces both a positive and a negative image.

Question 3

Which twentieth-century museum, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, was built in a curvilinear pattern on the outside, revealing a circular domed walkway on the inside of the building?&#10;A)The Georges Pompidou Center&#10;B)Le Corbusier&#10;C)MOMA&#10;D)The Guggenheim Museum

Accepted Answer

The Guggenheim Museum, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, was built in a curvilinear pattern on the outside, revealing a circular domed walkway on the inside of the building.
Key Takeaway: The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum is a well-known museum located on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. Constructed between 1943-1959, the museum was built in a curvilinear pattern on the outside, revealing a circular domed walkway around the inside of the building, where exhibits are placed. The Guggenheim is the permanent home to a renowned collection of important collections of Impressionist, Post-Impressionist, early Modern, and contemporary art.

Question 4

What is the correct date for the construction of the dome of the Florence Cathedral?&#10;A)1220-1236&#10;B)1320-1336&#10;C)1420-1436&#10;D)1520-1536

Accepted Answer

The correct date for the construction of the dome of the Florence Cathedral is from 1420-1436.
Key Takeaway: The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore (commonly known as the Florence Cathedral) was begun in 1296, with the dome completed sometime from 1420-1436 and designed by Filippo Brunelleschi. The dome was the first octagonal dome to ever be built without a wooden supporting frame and is one of the most impressive projects emerging from the Renaissance.

Question 5

Fill in the blanks:&#10;In a Greek temple, ________ project over the tops of columns and a(n) ________ separates the upper and lower parts of the temple.&#10;A)Triglyphs, metope&#10;B)Shafts, capital&#10;C)Entablatures, architrave&#10;D)Pediments, cornice

Accepted Answer

In a Greek temple, pediments project over the tops of columns and a cornice separates the upper and lower parts of the temple.
Key Takeaway: Greek temples are typically rectangular and were organized in a highly-rigid set of architecture and geometric principles. These temples were usually built with the typical post-and-lintel system. On top of the columns set a pediment, usually containing important sculpture depicting the gods and goddesses. Beneath the pediment sat the cornice, separating the upper and lower parts of the temple.

Question 6

Where are rock-cut temples a specialty?&#10;A)Turkey&#10;B)Japan&#10;C)Israel&#10;D)India

Accepted Answer

Rock-cut temples are a specialty in India.
Key Takeaway: Rock-cut architecture is the method of creating buildings like cave dwellings, tombs, and temples by carving living, natural rock. Although rock-cut architecture is obviously extremely different from traditional buildings, many are designed to replicate traditional architectural forms, both inside and outside, in the countries in which they are built. Some of the most famous and significant rock-cut architecture is found in India, China, Jordan, and Turkey.

Question 7

Stonehenge is usually discussed as a ring of ____________, originally all united by ___________.&#10;A)Cromlechs, menhirs&#10;B)Mortises, tenons&#10;C)Megaliths, lintels&#10;D)Megaliths, cromlechs

Accepted Answer

Stonehenge is usually discussed as a ring of megaliths, originally all united by lintels.
Key Takeaway: Stonehenge is generally thought of as the most major (and well-known) work of prehistoric architecture. Stonehenge is generally made with a post-and-lintel construction, with large megaliths in the center of the structure. A ring of megaliths surrounds the central horseshoe. Although the exact purpose of the monument is unknown, archeologists generally believe that it is oriented toward sunrise on the longest day of the year and may actually predict eclipses.

Question 8

Where are Japanese haniwa figures found?&#10;A)Royal residences&#10;B)Monasteries&#10;C)Temples&#10;D)Burial mounds

Accepted Answer

Japanese haniwa figures are found at burial mounds.
Key Takeaway: The Haniwa are terra cotta clay figures that were made for ritual use and buried with the dead as funerary objects during 3rd to 6th century c.e. in Japan. Haniwa grave offerings were made in numerous forms, such as animals, fans, houses, weapons, and people. In addition to serving a decorative and spiritual purpose, the figures also served as a sort of retaining wall for the burial mound.

Question 9

Typically, what is the largest feature on an African figure?&#10;A)The hands&#10;B)The stomach&#10;C)The figure's weapon&#10;D)The head

Accepted Answer

Typically, the largest feature on an African figure is the head.
Key Takeaway: Although there are a huge number of unique sculpture traditions in Africa, there are a great number of similarities, one of which is the heads of figures. Typically, the heads of African figures are disproportionately large-sometimes running as much as one-third of the entire figure. The reproductive organs on these features are also usually enlarged, with the bodies being extremely small.

Question 10

How many terracotta warriors make up the Army of Emperor Shi Huangdi?&#10;A)500&#10;B)1,000&#10;C)5,000&#10;D)8,000

Accepted Answer

About 8,000 terracotta warriors make up the Army of Emperor Shi Huangdi.
Key Takeaway: The Army of Emperor Shi Huangdi (often referred to as the Terra Cotta Warriors) are an astounding group of figures, comprised of about 8,000 warriors, 100 wooden chariots, 30,000 weapons, and 2 bronze chariots. Dating from roughly 210 b.c.e., the figures were buried as part of the tomb of Emperor Shi Huangdi and were discovered by a group of farmers near Xi'an, Shaanxi province, China in 1974.

Question 11

What is the correct term for an altarpiece in which the Madonna and Child are joined by saints and with them, are engaged in a &#34;holy conversation?&#34;&#10;A)Piet&#224;&#10;B)Ignudi&#10;C)Maest&#224;&#10;D)Sacra conversazione

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Question 12

What is the term for perforated ornamental stone screens that appear in Islamic art?&#10;A)Jali&#10;B)Minbar&#10;C)Mihrab&#10;D)Arabesque

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Question 13

Images of lions grace the capitals of many Buddhist buildings, most likely stemming from earlier examples from where?&#10;A)Greece&#10;B)Rome&#10;C)China&#10;D)Persia

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Question 14

What unique variation of Gothic architecture did the English develop in the mid 1300s, in which enormous window spaces were combined with elaborate decorative patterns of stone tracery?&#10;A)Flamboyant&#10;B)High Gothic&#10;C)Early Gothic&#10;D)Perpendicular Gothic

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Question 15

Which of the following key architectural features was first developed in the Hagia Sophia?&#10;A)Pendentive&#10;B)Altar&#10;C)Transoms&#10;D)Nave

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Question 16

What was the great intellectual movement that came out of the Renaissance that emphasized secular life over the religious, focusing upon classical works of philosophy, art, history, and literature?&#10;A)Trompe l'oeil&#10;B)Orthogonal&#10;C)Humanism&#10;D)Classicism

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Question 17

What term refers to a group of scholarly and sophisticated Chinese artists who worked to paint for themselves rather than for fame and fortune?&#10;A)Literati&#10;B)Yakshi&#10;C)Poussinistes&#10;D)Classists

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Question 18

Where was the statue Nike of Samothrace originally positioned?&#10;A)On a temple&#10;B)On a fountain&#10;C)In a home&#10;D)In a marketplace

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Question 19

Which of the following medieval technological innovations was used in the Gothic architecture movement in Europe?&#10;A)Glass blowing&#10;B)Wooden scaffolding&#10;C)Pointed arches&#10;D)Concrete molds

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Question 20

What art style, popular in the early twentieth-century, is typified by works such as Mondrian's Composition in Black and White and Red and Rietveld's Schr&#246;der House?&#10;A)DeStijl&#10;B)Suprematism&#10;C)Bauhaus&#10;D)Constructivism

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Question 21

Of the following modern photographers, which one promoted photography as a legitimate art form that was equal to painting when he or she hung photographs in a contemporary art gallery?&#10;A)Alfred Stieglitz&#10;B)Cindy Sherman&#10;C)Dorthea Lange&#10;D)Barbara Kruger

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Question 22

The Swing, by Jean-Honor&#233; Fragonard is from which period?&#10;A)Romanticism&#10;B)Renaissance&#10;C)Rococo&#10;D)Surrealism

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Question 23

Before the advent of the twentieth century, female artists were generally not permitted to attend art schools and academies, thus, they often learned to paint from their fathers.

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Question 24

The Old Testament queens and kings who adorn the jambs of the Royal Portals at Chartres are meant for what purpose?&#10;A)To show the royalty the proper place to pray&#10;B)To support the church both morally and physically&#10;C)To only provide artistic beauty&#10;D)To show the contemporary French royalty how far they have fallen from grace

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Question 25

Who painted the major fifteenth-century Italian painting Adoration of the Magi?&#10;A)Andrea del Castagno&#10;B)Fra Angelico&#10;C)Masaccio&#10;D)Gentile da Fabriano

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Question 26

When did Joseph Paxton build The Crystal Palace in London?&#10;A)1650-1651&#10;B)1850-1851&#10;C)1910-1911&#10;D)1800-1801

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Question 27

In which Romanesque cathedral were rib vaults first used?&#10;A)Pisa Cathedral&#10;B)Saint-&#201;tienne&#10;C)Saint-Sernin&#10;D)Durham Cathedral

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Question 28

What is the name for the Gothic-era stone arch and its pier that work together to support a roof from a pillar outside the building?&#10;A)Ogee arch&#10;B)Fan vault&#10;C)Choir&#10;D)Flying buttress

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Question 29

Which royal built the famous Palace of Versailles, where they required the nobility to reside for a portion of the year?&#10;A)Marie de Medici&#10;B)Louis XIV&#10;C)Louis XIII&#10;D)Henry IV

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Question 30

Whose famous Renaissance masterpieces include the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?&#10;A)Da Vinci&#10;B)Raphael Sanzio&#10;C)Michelangelo&#10;D)Monet

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Question 31

Which of the following is the single most significant invention in the development of the contemporary skyscraper?&#10;A)The elevator&#10;B)Cast iron&#10;C)Windows that do not utilize lead&#10;D)Wrought iron

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Question 32

What was the purpose of the massive Great Enclosure at Great Zimbabwe?&#10;A)It was the home of the king&#10;B)It held prisoners of war and slaves&#10;C)It was the first zoo&#10;D)Its purpose is unknown

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Question 33

Who usually attends Buddhas in Indian art?&#10;A)Chaityas&#10;B)Mudras&#10;C)Bodhisattvas&#10;D)Yakshis

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Question 34

Which of the following is a system of writing in which the strokes are formed in an arrow-head shape or a wedge?&#10;A)Hieroglyphics&#10;B)Cuneiform&#10;C)Japanese characters, or Kanji&#10;D)Mayan

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Question 35

What is a work of art that possesses a symbolic meaning in addition to a literal interpretation?&#10;A)Trecento&#10;B)Maniera greca&#10;C)Allegory&#10;D)Predella

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Question 36

In a Greek temple, what is the name for the main room where the god is housed?&#10;A)Ornice&#10;B)Kylix&#10;C)Acropolis&#10;D)Cella

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Question 37

Which of the following ancient civilizations was unearthed by Sir Arthur Evans in the early twentieth century?&#10;A)Crete&#10;B)Troy&#10;C)The Ancient Greeks&#10;D)Sparta

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Question 38

Which piece of Greek pottery was most likely designed to be portable and to store provisions like wine or oil?&#10;A)Amphora&#10;B)Kylix&#10;C)Krater&#10;D)Cornice

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Question 39

Which major Feminist artist created a collection of photographs called Untitled Film Stills that imitate the way in which women have been stereotypically depicted in film?&#10;A)Barbara Kruger&#10;B)Frida Kahlo&#10;C)Cindy Sherman&#10;D)Maya Lin

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Question 40

What is the scientific study of ancient peoples and cultures, mainly revealed through excavation, called?&#10;A)Paleontology&#10;B)Archaeology&#10;C)Astronomy&#10;D)Anthropology

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Question 41

Which painting technique uses small dots of color that are combined by the eye at a given distance?&#10;A)Impressionism&#10;B)Positivism&#10;C)Avant-garde&#10;D)Pointillism

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Question 42

Which of the following great pieces of Byzantine structure was commissioned by Ivan the Terrible?&#10;A)Saint Mark's Cathedral&#10;B)Hagia Sophia&#10;C)San Vitale&#10;D)Saint Basil's Cathedral

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Question 43

Which theory, popularized by August Comte, expresses that all knowledge must come from proven ideas based on scientific theory?&#10;A)Positivism&#10;B)Japonisme&#10;C)Neo-classicism&#10;D)The sublime

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Question 44

In Greek art, what was the amphora most likely used for?&#10;A)Mixing water with wine&#10;B)A drinking cup&#10;C)A cooking pot&#10;D)A portable vessel to hold oil, water, or wine

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Question 45

In the early years of the Renaissance, who was known for hand-printing/hand-inking books for super-wealthy patrons who could afford such an extravagance?&#10;A)Gutenberg&#10;B)Limbourg Brothers&#10;C)Jan van Eyck&#10;D)Robert Campin

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Question 46

Who was responsible for the remodeling of Saint Denis?&#10;A)Abbot Suger&#10;B)Louis XVI&#10;C)Catherine de Medici&#10;D)Marie Antoinette

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Question 47

In Roman art, what is the name of the term for a graceful arrangement of the body based on tilted shoulders and hips and bent knees?&#10;A)Encaustic&#10;B)Contrapposto&#10;C)Impluvium&#10;D)Veristic

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Question 48

What major work of Prehistoric sculpture was a small figure with highly-emphasized reproductive organs and may have been a symbol of fertility?&#10;A)The Lascaux Goddess&#10;B)Woman or &#34;Venus&#34; of Willendorf&#10;C)Woman of Stonehenge&#10;D)Cromlech

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Question 49

Which of the following was a type of pattern heavily used in Islamic art?&#10;A)Arabesques&#10;B)Tessellation&#10;C)Calligraphy&#10;D)All of the above

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Question 50

What are the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse?&#10;A)War, greed, death, and famine&#10;B)Pestilence, illness, war, and misery&#10;C)War, pestilence, death, and famine&#10;D)Plagues, drought, floods, and war

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Question 51

Where is the Pyramid of the Sun, built in roughly 200 c.e., found?&#10;A)Teotihuac&#225;n, Mexico&#10;B)Chaco Canyon, New Mexico&#10;C)Chich&#233;n-Itz&#225;, Mexico&#10;D)Egypt

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Question 52

Who painted the immensely-famous Birth of Venus in which Venus emerges fully grown from the sea?&#10;A)Sandro Botticelli&#10;B)Andrea Mantegna&#10;C)Fra Angelico&#10;D)Pietro Perugino

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Question 53

In whose court did Holbein work?&#10;A)Philip II&#10;B)Louis XIV&#10;C)Louis XVI&#10;D)Henry VIII

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Question 54

Of the following artists, who was not part of the Abstract Expressionism movement (otherwise known as the New York School)?&#10;A)Willem de Kooning&#10;B)Jackson Pollock&#10;C)Piet Mondrian&#10;D)Louise Nevelson

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Question 55

What is the main purpose of the Casa Mila, designed by Antonio Gaud&#237;?&#10;A)It is a government building.&#10;B)It is an office building.&#10;C)It is an apartment building.&#10;D)It is a library.

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Question 56

Why did the Impressionist painter Mary Cassatt use women as a subject for her painting?&#10;A)Women did not make as much money, so they were cheaper to hire as models.&#10;B)She was attempting to create a world in which women did not need men to complete them.&#10;C)Men refused to model for a female artist.&#10;D)Cassatt believed men to be unattractive to the eye.

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Question 57

Which type of Rococo painting featured members of the aristocracy listening to love songs in garden settings or taking long walks in pastoral backgrounds?&#10;A)Pastel&#10;B)F&#234;te galante&#10;C)Apotheosis&#10;D)Genre painting

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Question 58

Which of the following descriptions characterizes Romanesque architecture?&#10;A)Sparsely-decorated interiors&#10;B)Intricately-decorated interiors&#10;C)Light, airy design&#10;D)Heavy, solid design

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Question 59

What is the name of the building where flying buttresses were first used on a large scale?&#10;A)Chartres Cathedral&#10;B)Notre Dame de Paris&#10;C)Saint-Denis&#10;D)Amiens Cathedral

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Question 60

What American art movement from the early twentieth century emphasized rural life in the Midwest?&#10;A)Collage&#10;B)Action Painting&#10;C)Realism&#10;D)Regionalism

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Question 61

What Roman temple, situated in N&#238;mes, France, was used as the model for Jefferson's State Capitol in Richmond, Virginia?&#10;A)The Pantheon&#10;B)Aula Palatina&#10;C)Maison Carr&#233;e&#10;D)House of the Vettii

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Question 62

What is the polygonal base of a dome that makes the transition from the round dome to a flat wall?&#10;A)Codex&#10;B)Squinch&#10;C)Triptych&#10;D)Pendentive

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Question 63

Which of the following is a theme in still life paintings that stresses the folly of human vanity and how short human life truly is?&#10;A)Allegory&#10;B)Vanitas&#10;C)Baldacchino&#10;D)Impasto

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Question 64

Where was Minoan culture centered?&#10;A)In what is now Turkey&#10;B)In what is now Jordan&#10;C)Near Sparta on the Greek mainland&#10;D)On Crete

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Deck 15: Praxis Art