Question 1

What major work of Prehistoric sculpture is a small figure with highly-emphasized reproductive organs and may have been a symbol of fertility?&#10;A)The Lascaux Goddess&#10;B)Woman or &#34;Venus&#34; of Willendorf&#10;C)Woman of Stonehenge&#10;D)Cromlech

Accepted Answer

The name for this major work of Prehistoric sculpture is Woman or "Venus" of Willendorf.
Key Takeaway: The Venus of Willendorf, also known as the Woman of Willendorf, is a small prehistoric sculpture that is estimated to have been made sometime between 28,000-21,000 BCE The sculpture is well-known for its greatly-emphasized reproductive organs and its lack of facial features. The small figure is carved from limestone and is thought to perhaps have been a hand-held fertility symbol.

Question 2

It was very common for prehistoric peoples to build large structures for community use, such as worship. What is the name for such a structure that was created with a circle of megaliths, usually with lintels placed on top?

A)Menhir
B)Post-and-lintel
C)Lascaux
D)Cromlech

Cromlech

Accepted Answer

The name for prehistoric communal structures that were fashioned with a circle of megaliths, usually with lintels placed on top, is a cromlech.
Key Takeaway: Many large prehistoric structures still exist to this day and it is generally believed that they were used for worship or other communal events. Typically, this prehistoric architecture was constructed using menhirs (large individual stones), which were often cut into rectangular shapes, with which the complexes were made up. These rectangular shapes were known as megaliths. The megaliths would then sometimes be shaped into a circle, with lintels placed on top. This is known as a cromlech.

Question 3

Stonehenge is usually discussed as a ring of ____________, originally all united by ___________.&#10;A)Cromlechs, menhirs&#10;B)Mortises, tenons&#10;C)Megaliths, lintels&#10;D)Megaliths, cromlechs

Accepted Answer

Stonehenge is usually discussed as a ring of megaliths, originally all united by lintels.
Key Takeaway: Stonehenge is generally thought of as the most major (and well-known) work of prehistoric architecture. Stonehenge is generally made with a post-and-lintel construction, with large megaliths in the center of the structure. A ring of megaliths surrounds the central horseshoe. Although the exact purpose of the monument is unknown, archeologists generally believe that it is oriented toward sunrise on the longest day of the year and may actually predict eclipses.

Question 4

What is the scientific study of ancient peoples and cultures, mainly revealed through excavation, called?&#10;A)Paleontology&#10;B)Archaeology&#10;C)Astronomy&#10;D)Anthropology

Accepted Answer

Archaeology is the scientific study of ancient peoples and cultures, mainly as revealed through excavation.
Key Takeaway: Archaeology is the study of older human societies, typically through recovering and analyzing the material and architectural culture that those societies left behind. Because archaeology uses such a wide range of procedures and activities (including excavation, research, analysis, etc.), it is often considered to be both a humanity and a science.

Question 5

All of the following share characteristics of global pre-historic art except:&#10;A)Jade Cong&#10;B)Stonehenge&#10;C)Great Hall of the Bulls&#10;D)Capitoline Wolf

Accepted Answer

All of the following share the characteristics of global pre-historic art except Capitoline Wolf.
The Capitoline Wolf was likely created in Rome in the 11th or 12th century CE, while Jade Cong, Stonehenge, and Great Hall of the Bulls were created sometime between 30,000 BCE and 500 BCE

Question 6

The Running Horned Woman is one of the earliest surviving examples of:&#10;A)Stone carving&#10;B)Porcelain vases&#10;C)Terracotta figurines&#10;D)Rock art

Accepted Answer

The Running Horned Woman is one of the earliest examples of rock art.
The Running Horned Woman is one of the earliest known examples of Saharan rock art engravings, usually found in Southern Africa.

Question 7

On the basis of style, the Ambum stone stands out from other pestles in Pacific cultures in that it:&#10;A)Was created from patterned stone and eggshell&#10;B)Has a higher level of figurative qualities&#10;C)Is remarkably similar to Etruscan stone&#10;D)Does not take the form of an animal

Accepted Answer

The Ambum stone stands out from other pestles in Pacific cultures in that it has a higher level of figurative qualities.
Other pestles in prehistoric Papua New Guinea are often in the form of animals or people, but the Ambum stone has much more specific detail than other pestles.

Question 8

Modern archeology as a basis for art historical studies is exemplified by:&#10;A)Bushel with ibex motifs&#10;B)Anthropomorphic stele&#10;C)The Caves at Lascaux&#10;D)Stonehenge

Accepted Answer

Modern archeology as a basis for art historical studies is exemplified by The Caves at Lascaux.
The Caves at Lascaux were first discovered and described by archeologists, and afterwards, they were interpreted by art historians.

Deck 5: (AP) Art History: Global Prehistory