Deck 20: (AP) European History: History

Question 1

What did the Boulanger Affair nearly destroy?

A)French Second Republic
B)The Swiss Confederation
C)French Third Republic
D)Napoleon III's reign

Answer 1

French Third Republic

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the population of Europe during the 18th century is true?

A)The population of Europe did not change significantly during the 18th century.
B)The population of Europe declined during the 18th century.
C)The population of Europe increased during the 18th century.
D)In 18th-century Europe, the population of women rapidly increased and the population of men rapidly decreased.

Answer 2

The population of Europe increased during the 18th century.

Question 3

Who was the first person to isolate radium?

A)Thomas Edison
B)James Clark Maxwell
C)Alexander Graham Bell
D)Marie Curie

Answer 3

Marie Curie

Question 4

When Spanish sailors returned to Europe from their voyages to the New World, they introduced which of the following diseases into the continent?

A)AIDS
B)Syphilis
C)Smallpox
D)Avian flu

Question 5

What famous text, written by Thomas Hobbes, advocated for an absolute monarchy due to the evil passions of all men?

A)Levitate
B)Leviathan
C)Common Sense
D)The Divine Comedy

Question 6

Which European country was the very first to send explorers into the Indian Ocean?

A)Portugal
B)Italy
C)England
D)France

Question 7

Who got into trouble with the Roman Catholic Church because he promoted the theories of Copernicus?

A)Newton
B)Galileo
C)Kepler
D)Brahe

Question 8

What is Margaret Cavendish most associated with?

A)Women's suffrage
B)The Scientific Revolution
C)Unionizing the textile industry
D)Child labor laws

Question 9

What was the primary reason that the Roman Catholic Church was interested in establishing an accurate calendar?

A)They wanted to accurately calculate how old the Earth was.
B)They wanted to be sure that religious holidays did not coincide with old Pagan holidays.
C)They wanted to establish the correct date for Easter.
D)They wanted to establish the correct dates for important secular holidays.

Question 10

Who put together Johannes Kepler's laws of motion for heavenly bodies and Galileo's laws of motion for things on the earth to develop the law of universal gravitation?

A)Johannes Kepler
B)Galileo Galilei
C)Nicholas Copernicus
D)Isaac Newton

Question 11

What was the immediate result of the English Civil War?

A)Oliver Cromwell practically ruled by dictatorship
B)The Stuart monarchy ended.
C)Catholics were tolerated religiously
D)Protestants were openly persecuted.

Question 12

Otto von Bismarck's Kulturkampf was an attack on whom or what?

A)The Catholic Church
B)The Protestant Church
C)American politics
D)The German People's Party

Question 13

Many plants were introduced to Europe as a result of the Columbian Exchange. Which one of these was most immediately beneficial to humans?

A)Tobacco
B)Maize
C)Sugar
D)Potatoes

Question 14

By the end of 1943, six huge extermination camps had been set up to eliminate Jews in Europe. What was the largest of these camps?

A)Treblinka
B)Sobibor
C)Auschwitz-Birkenau
D)Dachau

Question 15

Between the years of 1700 and 1900, England, Scotland, and Wales experienced huge population growth in their cities, many of which reached more than 100,000 inhabitants by 1900. What was the main reason for this?

A)Less famine, due to an increase in food supply
B)A massive decline in disease, coupled with advances in medical technology
C)The Industrial Revolution
D)A better and more even population distribution in the numbers of men and women

Question 16

What was the most valuable agricultural product that was coming to Europe from the New World in 1700?

A)Sugar
B)Tobacco
C)Maize
D)Cotton

Question 17

Which Italian Renaissance writer wrote the Divine Comedy?

A)Boccaccio
B)Dante
C)Machiavelli
D)Petrarch

Question 18

In the early 19th century, Luddites were known for what?

A)Being witches
B)Organizing labor unions
C)Breaking machinery
D)Advocating for new technologies

Question 19

Which of the following entities had the Atlantic Charter as its founding document?

A)The European Union
B)Human Rights Watch
C)Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
D)The United Nations

Question 20

Who was the first Russian leader who openly discussed Stalin's "crimes"?

A)Stalin
B)Yeltsin
C)Lenin
D)Khrushchev

Question 21

What was the primary objective of the Irish Republican Army (the IRA)?

A)They wanted the Protestant Church to be recognized in Ireland.
B)They wanted the Catholic Church to be recognized in Ireland.
C)They desired Irish independence from Great Britain.
D)They wanted Northern Ireland to be included in the Irish state.

Question 22

What was the first industry in England that implemented machinery in the Industrial Revolution?

A)Meatpacking
B)Textiles
C)Railroads
D)Paper

Question 23

Why is it more difficult to trace popular culture than elite culture?

A)Popular culture has long-been considered boring to study
B)Popular culture was never preserved.
C)Popular culture did not usually leave written records; elite culture did.
D)Elite culture usually destroyed its contemporary popular culture.

Question 24

Which royal family was affiliated with France in 1550?

A)Bourbons
B)Tudors
C)Valois
D)Hapsburgs

Question 25

Which of the following countries developed a large cash crop out of the cultivation of tulips?

A)Hungary
B)Sweden
C)Poland
D)The Netherlands

Question 26

What was the biggest medical advancement of the 18th century?

A)The mentally ill were finally treated humanely.
B)Inoculation of smallpox
C)Surgeries were treated under anesthesia.
D)Development of the X-ray machine

Question 27

Which of the following pairs of artists effectively demonstrated cubism?

A)Manet and Monet
B)Van Gogh and Degas
C)Braque and Picasso
D)Michelangelo and da Vinci

Question 28

What is the correct term for the union of Germany and Austria in the late 1930s?

A)Maginot
B)Axis powers
C)Anschluss
D)Blitzkrieg

Question 29

In the Spirit of Laws, Montesquieu is clearly fascinated with and inspired by government in which of the following countries?

A)The United States
B)Canada
C)Italy
D)Great Britain

Question 30

Why was the mid- to late-19th-century considered to be the "Age of the Middle Class"?

A)Middle class citizens challenged social norms and demanded recognition.
B)Mass revolutions had eradicated the aristocratic order.
C)The middle class had become large enough to dictate society's values and trends.
D)Huge social reforms had brought about equal rights for all citizens.

Question 31

What was the main cause of the Price Revolution in the sixteenth century?

A)Decreased population
B)Increased population
C)Decreased production
D)Increased production

Question 32

Who saw dreams as keys to the unconscious mind?

A)Gregor Mendel
B)Albert Einstein
C)Gustave Courbet
D)Sigmund Freud

Question 33

Who, impressed with the military prowess of Western nations, developed absolutism in Russia in the late 17th and early 18th centuries?

A)Peter the Great
B)Michael Romanov
C)Duma
D)Charles VI

Question 34

Who was the first person to actually use movable type to print?

A)Geoffrey Chaucer
B)Peter Schöffer
C)Johannes Gutenberg
D)Johann Fust

Question 35

What type of government did Spain evolve into after the death of General Franco in 1975?

A)Family dictatorship
B)Socialist state
C)Constitutional monarchy
D)Parliamentary republic

Question 36

Which royal built the famous Palace of Versailles, where they required the nobility to reside for a portion of the year?

A)Marie de Medici
B)Louis XIV
C)Louis XIII
D)Henry IV

Question 37

Whose famous Renaissance masterpieces include the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?

A)Da Vinci
B)Raphael Sanzio
C)Michelangelo
D)Monet

Question 38

The Macedonians took control of Greece after the Peloponnesian War and spread Greek culture throughout the known world under which of the following leaders?

A)Augustus
B)Socrates
C)Alexander the Great
D)Julius Caesar

Question 39

Which of the following statements is true about the 1789 French Revolution?

A)When the peasants became involved, the Revolution became radical.
B)The Revolution greatly strengthened France's economy.
C)As a direct result of the Revolution, women gained the right to vote.
D)The Revolution did not create a sense of nationalism in France.

Question 40

Which of the following medieval technological innovations was used in the Gothic architecture movement in Europe?

A)Glass blowing
B)Wooden scaffolding
C)Pointed arches
D)Concrete molds

Question 41

Of the following events, which one created the financial conditions that encouraged Christopher Columbus to sail to the New World in 1492?

A)Spain adopted silver currency.
B)Vasco DaGama sailed to India.
C)Constantinople's trade routes fell to the Turks.
D)Sugar plantations were created off of the African coast.

Question 42

How was the French Revolution similar to the American Revolution?

A)Both featured lower working class people attaining political power.
B)Both changed the fundamental religious structure of their respective countries.
C)Both began due to anger over taxation.
D)Both involved violent acts of aggression toward people from the upper class.

Question 43

What was the Parisian Bon Marché?

A)A large fruit and vegetable market
B)A department store
C)A popular night club
D)The first office building in France to have electric lights

Question 44

When the first large-scale industrial factories were created in Western Europe, what were they created to produce?

A)Weapons
B)Glass
C)Processed food products
D)Textiles

Question 45

Which of the following was the main purpose of the Catholic Counter-Reformation?

A)To colonize Africa
B)To forcefully convert peoples to Catholicism
C)To avoid reforming the Catholic Church
D)To increase the appeal of the Catholic Church

Question 46

Of the following nations, which was able to save nearly its entire Jewish population from being exterminated during the Holocaust?

A)England
B)Denmark
C)Hungary
D)Switzerland

Question 47

Most likely, what was the main reason for the Jewish migration out of Hungary, Germany, and Crimea?

A)Russia and Poland had much more tolerant policies towards minorities and immigrants.
B)Ghettos and pogroms were established in places where Jews were forced to live.
C)Access to Eastern Europe became easier with the expansion of the railroads.
D)The crusades had a distinct impact upon Jewish settlements in Eastern Europe.

Question 48

What was the primary goal of the Christian Crusades?

A)The conquer Asia Minor
B)To spread Christianity to Africa
C)To share Jerusalem with the Turks
D)To retake the Holy Land from the Muslims.

Question 49

Why were knights primarily drawn from the noble classes?

A)There was a law that only noblemen could serve as knights-in-training.
B)Monarchs did not believe that commoners were smart enough to serve as knights.
C)Nobles were smarter than commoners.
D)The gear required for knights was too expensive for anyone but nobility to afford.

Question 50

What was the primary premise behind Napoleon's Civil Code?

A)Creating a huge army, consisting of men from all over Europe
B)Taxing all social classes
C)Full voting rights for all citizens
D)Providing property for all citizens

Question 51

When Portugal claimed Brazil, upon whose voyage there was this claim justified?

A)Christopher Columbus
B)Pedro Cabral
C)Vasco da Gama
D)Ponce de Leon

Question 52

What was the one unifying institution in medieval Europe?

A)The European monarchy system
B)Artists' guilds
C)The Roman Catholic Church
D)The University of Paris

Question 53

Which larger conflict was the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre part of?

A)The Revolutionary War
B)Late-16th-century French religious wars
C)The Napoleonic Wars
D)Franco-Prussian War

Question 54

What were the organizations of craftspeople and merchants in European cities called?

A)Ecclesia
B)Guilds
C)Granges
D)Fiefdoms

Question 55

What often led to alliances between European feudal lords?

A)The Black Death
B)A papal decree
C)Mutual need for defense against the Vikings
D)Trade relations

Question 56

How were women typically treated in ancient Greek society?

A)They were slaves in every household.
B)Women were gods.
C)Women were inferior to men, in both political and social matters.
D)Women were equals to men, especially in voting.

Question 57

What was one of the main causes of the decline of papal authority during the late Middle Ages?

A)An ongoing war between Spain and England
B)An extremely long famine in Central Europe
C)Decline of monastic orders in Europe
D)High mortality rate during the Black Death

Question 58

Why was enlightenment philosophy a threat to the European monarchies?

A)Enlightenment philosophy was extremely popular with the peasant class.
B)Enlightenment philosophy promoted individual liberty.
C)Enlightenment philosophy urged the overthrow of the capitalist system.
D)Enlightenment philosophy supported the Pope's authority.

Question 59

Who became known as the father of the experimental method?

A)John Locke
B)René Descartes
C)Francis Bacon
D)John Dupré

Question 60

What was the result of Magellan's 1519 voyage around the world?

A)Spain claimed territory in the Pacific.
B)Protestantism greatly expanded around the world.
C)Capitalism declined in the Mediterranean.
D)Magellan was knighted upon his return.

Question 61

Why did Henry IV convert from Calvinism to Catholicism at the end of the French Wars of Religion?

A)He wanted control of Paris.
B)He was forced into converting by prominent officials.
C)He wanted to marry a Catholic woman.
D)He had a vision that spurred a religious conversion.

Question 62

During the 18th Century, over what territories did France and England fight?

A)South America and the Pacific
B)Asia and the Caribbean
C)North America and Asia
D)Asia and Central America

Question 63

What made the worldwide recession in the 1970s even worse?

A)Rachel Carson's expose of the emerging environmental crisis
B)Cold War threats from communism and nuclear weapons
C)Extremism in Iran
D)Rapidly-escalating oil prices

Question 64

Which of the following terms refers to a large and dynamic musical and artistic movement that was mostly associated with the Catholic Counter-Reformation?

A)Romanticism
B)Rococo
C)The Baroque
D)The Renaissance

Question 65

Who were the sans-culottes of the French Revolution?

A)Merchants and middle-class lawyers who first led the revolution.
B)Elite bodyguards who were only trying to protect the royal family.
C)Radical revolutionaries from the urban mob
D)Liberal aristocrats, siding with the Third Estate

Question 66

In the time period 600 to 1450, a self-sufficient economic system developed in Western Europe. What is this economic system known as?

A)Manorialism
B)Mercantilism
C)Communism
D)Capitalism

Question 67

Which of the following families ruled France from 987 until the death of Charles IV in 1328?

A)Franconian
B)Carolingian
C)Capuchin
D)Capetian

Question 68

What was the main problem that Diderot dealt with while compiling his Encyclopedia?

A)Printing costs
B)Censorship
C)Getting contracts with potential buyers
D)Finding enough authors and illustrators to contribute

Question 69

During the Renaissance, what did Europeans desire that eventually led to the discovery of the New World?

A)To discover an all-water route to the East
B)To establish a place where they could freely practice their religion
C)To civilize all of the people around the world
D)To spread Christianity

Question 70

What was the general sentiment toward religious affairs in Europe in the 1500s?

A)People were turning toward Calvinist forms of worship.
B)Many doubted that the Catholic Church could provide adequate spiritual leadership.
C)People were leaning toward Martin Luther's teachings.
D)Many felt a highly devout, unquestioning allegiance toward the Catholic Church.

Question 71

Of the following nations, which one was the last to grant the right to vote to women?

A)Switzerland
B)The United Kingdom
C)Spain
D)Greece

Question 72

Catherine the Great was limited in the enlightenment-era reforms she was able to make because she was female.

Question 73

What was the main problem that Louis XVI had to deal with in the late 1780s?

A)France was bankrupt
B)The monarchy was bankrupt
C)Corruption of the church
D)Student uprisings

Question 74

When did groups of minorities residing in Hungary get alarmed by the pro-Magyar movement?

A)When the Magyars moved the capital of Hungary to Budapest
B)When the leader of the movement made huge changes to traditional Hungarian cultural and dietary traditions
C)When the Hungarian army invaded Bulgaria
D)When Magyar became Hungary's official language

Question 75

What important event was depicted in the Delacroix painting Liberty Leading the People?

A)The storming of the Bastille
B)The 1848 February Revolution
C)The final battle of the American Revolution
D)The 1830 July Revolution

Question 76

In which country did the resistance movement have the greatest impact?

A)Germany
B)Yugoslavia
C)France
D)Spain

Question 77

In what country or countries was Slobodan Milosevic accused of ethnic cleansing?

A)Bosnia
B)Kosovo
C)Turkey
D)Both Bosnia and Kosovo

Question 78

Which school of literature is exemplified by the works of Gustave Flaubert, Charles Dickens, and Emile Zola?

A)Historical fiction
B)Urban Gothic
C)Realism
D)Sentimentalism

Question 79

Which city became the center for High Renaissance culture in the late 15th and early 16th centuries?

A)Paris
B)London
C)Florence
D)Rome

Question 80

Which of the following humanist writers was greatly controversial during the Counter-Reformation and had his works banned by the Catholic Church?

A)Leonardo Bruni
B)Erasmus
C)Giovanni Boccaccio
D)Thomas More