Question 1

During the Cold War era, what was the main reason why were the United States and the Soviet Union reluctant to engage in direct military conflict?&#10;A)There was a great potential for global nuclear destruction.&#10;B)East and West German had been re-unified.&#10;C)Nonaligned nations were pressuring the United States and the Soviet Union to avoid fighting.&#10;D)There were greatly increased tensions in the Middle East.

Accepted Answer

During the Cold War era, the main reason why the United States and the Soviet Union were reluctant to engage in direct military conflict because there was a great potential for global nuclear destruction.
Key Takeaway: For the first four and a half decades after World War II, much of the world was divided into two hostile camps, led by the Soviet Union and the United States. This gigantic global struggle was known as the Cold War. During this time, the superpowers engaged in a nuclear arms race, which was the most expensive and largest buildup of weapons in history. The Soviet Union and the United States were reluctant to engage with each other precisely because of this nuclear arms race and the devastating effect it could have upon the world. Although they themselves never warred against each other, they instead used other nations as proxies to do so.

Question 2

During the third century BCE, which of the following was the biggest change in the Chinese political state under Emperor Qin Shihuangdi?&#10;A)The Chinese empire widely accepted Buddhism.&#10;B)The Chinese empire became centralized.&#10;C)Emperor Qin Shihuangdi had artisans create elaborate tomb sculptures.&#10;D)Emperor Qin Shihuangdi established civil service exams.

Accepted Answer

During the third century BCE, the biggest change in the Chinese political state under Emperor Qin Shihuangdi was the centralization of rule of the Chinese empire.
Key Takeaway: Emperor Qin Shihuangdi established the Qin dynasty and is famous for proclaiming himself as the "first emperor" of China. Although emperors had actually existed before, none had fully established a centralized government with military defense, a government-regulated written language, and law. Qin Shihuangdi ruled using Legalism, a philosophical system that was very different from Confucianism or Buddhism.

Question 3

What was the largest environmental problem for ancient Mesopotamia?&#10;A)Poor soil&#10;B)Polluted water&#10;C)Rising sea levels&#10;D)Deforestation

Accepted Answer

The largest environmental problem for ancient Mesopotamia was that the soil was no longer as fertile as it used to be.
Key Takeaway: Early civilizations that were of any significant size greatly relied upon the fertility of the soil in order to achieve a desired population density. Ancient Mesopotamians used farming practices and irrigation that caused the soil to dramatically lose its fertility. Much of this was due to the fact that the water used in irrigation evaporated, leaving behind a great amount of salt residue.

Question 4

What does the Swahili language demonstrate about African civilization during the 1200s and 1300s?&#10;A)Great influence from Mediterranean culture&#10;B)Great influence from Europe culture&#10;C)Connection to trade routes in Asia and the Middle East&#10;D)Continuance of the great Egyptian culture

Accepted Answer

The Swahili language demonstrates the connection between African civilization with trade routes in Asia and the Middle East during the 1200s and 1300s.
Key Takeaway: Largely a blended language, Swahili developed in cities on the east coast of Africa that engaged with trade with Arab merchants and people from the Indian Ocean area. In general, Africa had a great amount of diversity in its spoken languages, but Swahili especially shows a large connection to the rest of the Indian Ocean basin.

Question 5

Which of the following caused the Second Age of Islamic conquest, which began in the 1200s?&#10;A)The Mongols were defeated in Persia and the Caliphate's power was restored.&#10;B)The Crusades had brought about new militaristic dynasties.&#10;C)The popularization of the Qur'an allowed Islam to spread further into Europe and Africa.&#10;D)A long period of peace had allowed Islamic trade routes to spread to the west and the north.

Accepted Answer

In the 1200s, the Second Age of Islamic conquest began. This was largely due to the Crusades and the fact that they had brought about new militaristic dynasties.
Key Takeaway: The Islamic Empire was in a great state of decline and fragmentation before the Crusades. A succession of weak and corrupt rulers had left the Empire vulnerable to attacks and invasion from the Byzantines, Turks, Crusaders, and the Mongols. As a result of this, leaders such as Saladin created strong military dynasties which gave rise to a new era of conversions and conquests for the Muslims in Africa and Eastern Europe.

Question 6

Who were the majority of people living in Russia during the 1600s?&#10;A)Muslims&#10;B)Serfs&#10;C)Mongols&#10;D)Free peasants

Accepted Answer

The majority of people living in Russia during the 1600s were Serfs.
Key Takeaway: In the 1600s, Russian society was formed around large agricultural estates. These estates were run by nobles and members of the Russian Orthodox Church, but were farmed by the forced labor of serfs. Serfs made up the great majority of the Russian population. Free peasants only became a factor in Russia after 1861, when the serfs were emancipated.

Question 7

Which of the following most influenced the economic changes during the Meiji Restoration in Japan?&#10;A)Industrialists from Great Britain and Germany&#10;B)The Samurai&#10;C)Traders from Portugal&#10;D)Merchants from China

Accepted Answer

Industrialists from Great Britain and Germany most influenced the economic changes during the Meiji Restoration in Japan.
Key Takeaway: Starting in the 1860s, Japan came out of a long period of isolation and began to pursue rapid industrialization and westernization. To do this, the Meiji officials hired a number of consultants from Great Britain and Germany. As the country westernized, traditional figures of power, such as the samurai, lost their cultural influence.

Question 8

Which of the following conditions affected Cambodia in the 1970s and Rwanda in the 1990s?&#10;A)High rates of infection from AIDS&#10;B)Communist revolution&#10;C)Violence due to genocide&#10;D)Invasion by Europeans

Accepted Answer

Both Cambodia and Rwanda experienced violence due to genocide in the 1970s and 1990s respectfully.
Key Takeaway: The dictator Pol Pot led the Khmer Rouge in the systematic murder of more than two million people in Cambodia during the mid-1970s. Similarly, more than one million people were murdered in Rwanda in 1994, in systematic violence directed toward ethnic Tutsis. Note that although AIDS did kill huge numbers of people in Africa in the 1990s, it was not yet a worldwide epidemic in the 1970s.

Question 9

Most likely, what was the main reason for the Jewish migration out of Hungary, Germany, and Crimea?&#10;A)Russia and Poland had much more tolerant policies towards minorities and immigrants.&#10;B)Ghettos and pogroms were established in places where Jews were forced to live.&#10;C)Access to Eastern Europe became easier with the expansion of the railroads.&#10;D)The crusades had a distinct impact upon Jewish settlements in Eastern Europe.

Accepted Answer

Most likely, the main reason for the Jewish migration out of Hungary, Germany, and Crimea was that Russia and Poland had much more tolerant policies towards minorities and immigrants.
Key Takeaway: Religious tolerance in Western Europe-or lack thereof-played a large role in the migration of Jews. Places like Russia and Poland were much more tolerant and readily opened their borders to welcome more settlers. During this time, Jews left places like Germany, Hungary, and Crimea for eastern European nations like Poland, Russia, and Lithuania.

Question 10

Why did the development of agriculture lead to a dramatic increase in population?&#10;A)The development of agriculture led to the end of the nomadic life.&#10;B)People no longer had to hunt and gather, which was highly dangerous.&#10;C)Farming led to a more stable source of food, which allowed for larger families and permanent homes.&#10;D)Agriculture and farming provided a much healthier diet than hunting and gathering did.

Accepted Answer

The development of agriculture led to a dramatic increase in population because farming led to a more stable source of food, which allowed for larger families and permanent homes.
Key Takeaway: Population stayed low in hunting and gathering communities due to a general scarcity of food and the need to keep on the move. Once agriculture developed, populations could grow because communities could develop permanent settlements and have larger families, due to a more stable food supply.

Question 11

Why are rivers thought to be so important to the development of the first civilizations?&#10;A)Rivers slowed down the growth of cities.&#10;B)Rivers greatly discouraged ocean travel.&#10;C)Rivers encouraged growth of urban areas and agriculture.&#10;D)River slowed down the invention of agriculture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why are rivers thought to be so...

Question 12

Why did the Zhou dynasty in China last so long?&#10;A)The leaders of the Zhou dynasty were positively ruthless.&#10;B)The Zhou dynasty's leaders prevented average citizens from acquiring weapons.&#10;C)The Zhou dynasty innovated technology and obligated leaders to rule fairly, due to an increase in political sophistication.&#10;D)The Zhou dynasty did not have to deal with the issues of Confucianism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why did the Zhou dynasty in China...

Question 13

Under the social hierarchies of Hinduism and Confucianism, the value of what group is demonstrated?&#10;A)Scholars&#10;B)Women&#10;C)Government officials&#10;D)Peasants

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under the social hierarchies of Hinduism and...

Question 14

Of the following groups of religious, which two gave women access to spiritual salvation?&#10;A)Christianity and Buddhism&#10;B)Christianity and Judaism&#10;C)Confucianism and Buddhism&#10;D)Daoism and Christianity

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the following groups of religious, which...

Question 15

Which of the following was the principal god of the Aztecs?&#10;A)The sun god&#10;B)The lion god&#10;C)The feather serpent god&#10;D)The moon god

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following was the principal...

Question 16

What was the primary goal of the Christian Crusades?&#10;A)The conquer Asia Minor&#10;B)To spread Christianity to Africa&#10;C)To share Jerusalem with the Turks&#10;D)To retake the Holy Land from the Muslims.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the primary goal of the...

Question 17

Who brought Islam to India?&#10;A)The Sunni Caliphate&#10;B)The Delhi Sultanate&#10;C)The Ottomans&#10;D)The Umayyads

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who brought Islam to India?&#10;A)The Sunni Caliphate&#10;B)The...

Question 18

Despite the rapid spread of Islam on the continent of Africa, which of the following places remained Christian?&#10;A)Marrakesh&#10;B)Mali&#10;C)Ethiopia&#10;D)Tunisia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite the rapid spread of Islam on...

Question 19

Lutheran doctrine states that good works are sufficient to achieve salvation. True or False?&#10;A)True&#10;B)False

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lutheran doctrine states that good works are...

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the Black Death?&#10;A)It was basically confined to South Asia and China.&#10;B)It was mostly only deadly in northern Europe.&#10;C)It was spread along the Euro-Asian trade routes.&#10;D)It stopped before reaching the Mediterranean.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true about...

Question 21

Which of the following statements is true about Zen Buddhism?&#10;A)It placed heavy emphasis upon a heavenly afterlife, which appealed to the lower classes.&#10;B)Zen Buddhism began in Japan and then traveled to China and Korea.&#10;C)It became highly popular among the Japanese samurai.&#10;D)It had little to no impact on Japan and Japanese culture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 22

What often led to alliances between European feudal lords?&#10;A)The Black Death&#10;B)A papal decree&#10;C)Mutual need for defense against the Vikings&#10;D)Trade relations

Accepted Answer

The answer of What often led to alliances between European...

Question 23

How have political developments changed in Taiwan and South Korea since the 1980s?&#10;A)Both Taiwan and South Korea have become more authoritarian.&#10;B)Both Taiwan and South Korea have become democratized.&#10;C)Both Taiwan and South Korea have become allies to the People's Republic of China.&#10;D)Both countries' leaders now prefer to unite with their communist counterparts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How have political developments changed in Taiwan...

Question 24

Of the following Native American societies, which one built huge mounds for what scientists and anthropologists believe to be religious purposes?&#10;A)The Pueblos&#10;B)The Sioux&#10;C)The Mississippians&#10;D)The Hopi

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the following Native American societies, which...

Question 25

Of the following rulers, who had the most religious tolerance?&#10;A)Philip II of Spain&#10;B)Henry VIII of England&#10;C)Louis XIV of France&#10;D)Akbar the Great of the Mughals

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the following rulers, who had the...

Question 26

During the 18th Century, over what territories did France and England fight?&#10;A)South America and the Pacific&#10;B)Asia and the Caribbean&#10;C)North America and Asia&#10;D)Asia and Central America

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the 18th Century, over what territories...

Question 27

In what important way did the early Egyptian civilization resemble civilization in Mesopotamia?&#10;A)They both created strict law codes, protecting the poor.&#10;B)They both allowed women to serve as priests.&#10;C)They both buried their leaders in massive pyramids.&#10;D)Both developed a centralized society ruled by a monarchy and small group of priests.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what important way did the early...

Question 28

Of the following African regions, which was able to defeat European powers in the 19th century?&#10;A)Morocco&#10;B)Egypt&#10;C)Liberia&#10;D)Ethiopia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the following African regions, which was...

Question 29

What was one of the major causes of the Global Depression in 1930?&#10;A)Not enough agricultural goods were produced&#10;B)Totalitarian regimes were on the rise in Europe&#10;C)Trade tensions, which led to high protective tariffs&#10;D)War-debt restructuring

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was one of the major causes...

Question 30

Why was India partitioned as it gained independence in 1947?&#10;A)Muslims wanted their own state in South Asia.&#10;B)The British could not agree upon political boundaries.&#10;C)Sikhs from the Punjab demanded partitioning.&#10;D)Gandhi encouraged the idea.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why was India partitioned as it gained...

Question 31

Who did Mao Zedong gather support from, clearly differentiating himself from orthodox Marxism?&#10;A)The military class&#10;B)Urban workers&#10;C)Rural peasants&#10;D)Unhappy merchants

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who did Mao Zedong gather support from,...

Question 32

Which of the following best defines the political heritage of classical China?&#10;A)The people should always question the emperor.&#10;B)All citizens are encouraged to participate in government.&#10;C)As a father is to a family, so is the emperor to the state.&#10;D)The leader is chosen by the community elders.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best defines the...

Question 33

What happened after the Islam expanded into West Africa?&#10;A)Civil war broke out&#10;B)Trade greatly increased&#10;C)The economy slowed&#10;D)Native beliefs disappeared

Accepted Answer

The answer of What happened after the Islam expanded into...

Question 34

Which of the following inventions was the most important source of power during the first half of the Industrial Revolution?&#10;A)The internal combustion engine&#10;B)The water wheel&#10;C)The steam engine&#10;D)The electric turbine

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following inventions was the...

Question 35

Which of the following was a common feature of both European and Japanese feudalism?&#10;A)Christianity&#10;B)All classes participated&#10;C)Social mobility was possible and easy&#10;D)The social structure was very strict

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following was a common...

Question 36

What was the result of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885?&#10;A)India was colonized by the British&#10;B)Africa was divided up among the European powers&#10;C)The German state was formed&#10;D)Spheres of influence were created in China

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was the result of the Berlin...

Question 37

During which of the following Chinese dynasties was the Great Wall built?&#10;A)Shang&#10;B)T'ang&#10;C)Qin&#10;D)Chou

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The answer of During which of the following Chinese dynasties...

Question 38

During the Renaissance, what did Europeans desire that eventually led to the discovery of the New World?&#10;A)To discover an all-water route to the East&#10;B)To establish a place where they could freely practice their religion&#10;C)To civilize all of the people around the world&#10;D)To spread Christianity

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the Renaissance, what did Europeans desire...

Question 39

Which of the following was the basic unit of religious categorization in the Ottoman Empire?&#10;A)The caste&#10;B)The parish&#10;C)The millet&#10;D)The umma

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following was the basic...

Question 40

Which best describes the role that the United States played in Latin America during the 1800s and early 1900s?&#10;A)The United States intervened politically and economically.&#10;B)The United States remained strictly hands-off.&#10;C)The United States was aggressive and warlike.&#10;D)The United States acted as a colonial overlord over the region.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which best describes the role that the...

Question 41

What commodity did Western powers most seek from China during the late 1700s and 1800s?&#10;A)Tea&#10;B)Rice&#10;C)Soy sauce&#10;D)Wine

Accepted Answer

The answer of What commodity did Western powers most seek...

Question 42

Through Western leadership and luck, which Southeast Asian nation managed to keep free of domination by foreign powers?&#10;A)Burma&#10;B)Laos&#10;C)Thailand&#10;D)Vietnam

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The answer of Through Western leadership and luck, which Southeast...

Question 43

Why did Great Britain grant Canada dominion status?&#10;A)Great Britain wanted to prevent Russia from expanding east out of Alaska.&#10;B)They feared armed uprisings and that angry Canadians might join the United States.&#10;C)They had already granted dominion status to Australia.&#10;D)They wanted to help prepare for invading the United States.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why did Great Britain grant Canada dominion...

Deck 50: (AP) World History: History: Part C