Question 1

Mundane realism is&#10;A)performing the experiment in the real world.&#10;B)when the experiment is boring and repetitive.&#10;C)the degree to which an experiment is similar to everyday conditions.&#10;D)the experimenter's biases in the experiment.

Accepted Answer

Mundane realism refers to the degree to which the conditions in an experiment mimic real-world conditions, making the findings more generalizable to everyday situations.

Question 2

An experiment would have experimental realism if it&#10;A)absorbs and involves its participants.&#10;B)is carried out in the field.&#10;C)was similar to everyday situations.&#10;D)none

Accepted Answer

Experimental realism refers to the degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants, making them take the experiment seriously and behave naturally within the experimental setting.

Question 3

Experimenters standardize their instructions to subjects in order to&#10;A)minimize demand characteristics.&#10;B)insure accuracy in the results.&#10;C)appear neutral to the group.&#10;D)compare different groups.

Accepted Answer

Standardizing instructions helps to minimize demand characteristics by ensuring that all participants receive the same information and cues, which could otherwise influence their behavior in the study.

Question 4

Which is false according to the text. The American and British Psychological Associations&#10;A)protect people from harm and significant discomfort.&#10;B)tell potential participants enough about the experiment to enable their informed consent.&#10;C)fully explain the experiment before preceding.&#10;D)treat information about the individual participants confidentially.

Accepted Answer

The American and British Psychological Associations require that participants are told enough about the experiment to enable informed consent, but they do not mandate that the experiment be fully explained before proceeding. This allows for certain types of research where full disclosure upfront could bias the results.

Question 5

Informed consent is&#10;A)American Psychological Association guideline.&#10;B)an ethical principle.&#10;C)law in the United States and Britain.&#10;D)a legal term used in experimental research.

Accepted Answer

Informed consent is an ethical principle that requires researchers to obtain the voluntary consent of participants before conducting research.

Question 6

The procedure that fools people into disclosing their attitudes is&#10;A)bogus pipeline.&#10;B)denial paradox.&#10;C)low-ball technique.&#10;D)foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

The bogus pipeline is a technique that tricks people into revealing their true attitudes by convincing them they are being monitored by a lie detector or similar device, thereby encouraging more truthful responses.

Question 7

In response to external circumstances ___________________ people adjust their behavior.&#10;A)intelligent&#10;B)depressed&#10;C)self-conscious&#10;D)unintelligent

Accepted Answer

Self-conscious people are more likely to adjust their behavior in response to external circumstances because they are more aware of how they are perceived by others.

Question 8

You can measure attitudes by which of the following techniques?&#10;A)bogus pipeline&#10;B)overjustification pipeline&#10;C)self-monitoring pipeline&#10;D)low-ball technique

Accepted Answer

The bogus pipeline is a technique used to measure attitudes by convincing participants that a machine can accurately detect their true feelings, encouraging them to be more honest.

Question 9

The text asserts that the tendency for oppressors to disparage their victims is an example of&#10;A)how attitudes shape behavior.&#10;B)how behavior shapes attitudes.&#10;C)bogus pipeline.&#10;D)how role playing comes to shape one's self-identity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text asserts that the tendency for...

Question 10

A variation of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon is the&#10;A)bogus technique.&#10;B)low-ball technique.&#10;C)self-monitoring technique.&#10;D)justification technique.

Accepted Answer

The low-ball technique is a variation of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon, where an individual first agrees to a request at a low cost, only to later find out that there are additional costs or conditions. This technique relies on the principle of commitment, where people are more likely to agree to something if they have already made a preliminary commitment.

Question 11

Salespeople try to prevent customers from canceling their purchases by&#10;A)calling everyday until the agreement is final.&#10;B)having the customer fill out the sales agreement.&#10;C)enlisting them as satisfied customers.&#10;D)giving them names and numbers of other satisfied customers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Salespeople try to prevent customers from canceling...

Question 12

The text asserts that changing behavior can alter attitudes. Which of the following is an example?&#10;A)civil rights legislation&#10;B)capital punishment&#10;C)traffic laws&#10;D)prohibition

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text asserts that changing behavior can...

Question 13

The term brainwashing describes what happened to American POWs during which war?&#10;A)World War I&#10;B)World War II&#10;C)Korean War&#10;D)Vietnam War

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term brainwashing describes what happened to...

Question 14

The reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's behavior when external rewards are lacking is&#10;A)cognitive dissonance effect.&#10;B)insufficient justification effect.&#10;C)psychological reactance effect.&#10;D)self-monitoring effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The reduction of dissonance by internally justifying...

Question 15

According to self-perception theory, behavior shapes attitudes&#10;A)when attitudes are strong and consistent.&#10;B)only in the area of legislation.&#10;C)in self-monitoring people.&#10;D)when attitudes are weak and ambiguous.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to self-perception theory, behavior shapes attitudes&#10;A)when...

Deck 2: Psychology: Concepts and Theories