Deck 4: Ocular Anatomy Physiology and Pathology

Question 1

The ability of human vision to discern shapes by their relative lightness and darkness is known as which of the following?

A)Light sensitivity
B)Shade sensitivity
C)Contrast detection
D)Contrast sensitivity

Answer 1

Contrast sensitivity

Question 2

The cornea and the lens make up:

A)The photoreceptors
B)The vitreous humor
C)The media
D)The primary refractive surface

Answer 2

The media

Question 3

The minimum angle resolvable by the normal human eye is about _____ minutes of arc.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Answer 3

1

Question 4

The part of the eye that forms an anterior protective barrier is the:

A)Cornea
B)Retina
C)Sclera
D)None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following structures provides color to the eye?

A)Cornea
B)Iris
C)Pupil
D)Sclera

Question 6

Which of the following spreads a tear film over the cornea?

A)Iris
B)Eyelids
C)Tear duct
D)Sclera

Question 7

How many layers compose the tear film?

A)2
B)4
C)3
D)6

Question 8

The iris, ciliary body, and the choroid make up the:

A)Uvea
B)Sclera
C)Cornea
D)Lens

Question 9

Looking straight ahead at a motionless object in space is known as:

A)Fixation
B)Focusing
C)Binocular vision
D)Night vision

Question 10

The dark spots seen after being photographed with a flashbulb are known as:

A)Positive afterimages
B)Negative afterimages
C)Floaters
D)Cataracts

Question 11

A layman's term for sclera is:

A)Eye color
B)White of the eye
C)Cross-eyed
D)Pink eye

Question 12

The clear gel that fills the space between the retina and the lens is called:

A)The aqueous humor
B)The vitreous humor
C)The canaliculus
D)The cornea

Question 13

All of the following are corneal layers except:

A)Descemet's membrane
B)Bowman's layer
C)Epithelium
D)Fovea centralis

Question 14

In what part of the eye are floaters found?

A)Vitreous humor
B)Aqueous humor
C)Sclera
D)Cornea

Question 15

Normally, the surface of the eye is hydrophobic. What does this word mean?

A)A high pH
B)A low pH
C)Water friendly
D)Repels water

Question 16

The levator muscle connects to what structure?

A)Retina
B)Tarsus
C)Cornea
D)Lens

Question 17

What is the location called where the two optic nerves cross?

A)Anterior chamber
B)Stroma
C)Medial canthus
D)Optic chiasm

Question 18

Nystagmus is a condition in which the eyes:

A)Turn white
B)Are crossed
C)Cannot focus
D)Shake back and forth

Question 19

How does the flow of aqueous humor begin?

A)By entering the anterior chamber
B)By entering the posterior chamber via the secretion of the ciliary body
C)By flowing through the pupil
D)By leaving the anterior chamber via the trabecular meshwork

Question 20

The function of glasses is to:

A)Improve visual performance
B)Relieve the symptoms of refractive errors
C)Relieve the symptoms of muscular imbalance in the eyes
D)All of the above

Question 21

The eye is a compound lens system composed of:

A)The lens and the sclera
B)The cornea and the iris
C)The lens and the cornea
D)The cornea and the retina

Question 22

The normal range of intraocular pressure is between:

A)10 and 100 mmHg
B)10 and 15 mmHg
C)10 and 22 mmHg
D)50 and 60 mmHg

Question 23

Superficial abrasions to the cornea usually affect which layer?

A)Stroma
B)Bowman's layer
C)Corneal endothelium
D)Corneal epithelium

Question 24

What is determined by the rate aqueous enters and exits the eye?

A)Epithelial cell count
B)Intraocular pressure
C)Presence of a vitreous hemorrhage
D)Corneal curvature

Question 25

Diplopia is another name for:

A)Double vision
B)Blurred vision
C)Loss of vision
D)Night blindness

Question 26

In the hyperopic eye, distant objects are brought to focus:

A)On the retina
B)Behind the retina
C)Before the retina
D)On the sclera

Question 27

If the eyeball is too long for the normal reflective power of the lens and the cornea, what condition does the patient have?

A)Index myopia
B)Axial myopia
C)Curvature myopia
D)Hyperopia

Question 28

The condition in which there is a difference in the refractive error of the two eyes is known as:

A)Anisometropia
B)Aphakia
C)Presbyopia
D)Pseudophakia

Question 29

On an astigmatic clock, the correcting cylinder is placed how many degrees from the blackest line?

A)30 degrees
B)60 degrees
C)90 degrees
D)120 degrees

Question 30

The purpose of refractometry is to:

A)Diagnose color blindness
B)Measure retinal thickness
C)Measure refractive error
D)Map out the topography of the cornea

Question 31

The extraocular muscles are attached to the eye via the sclera.

Question 32

Which extraocular muscle in the eye moves the eye outward and downward?

A)Medial rectus
B)Inferior oblique
C)Superior oblique