Deck 5: Ophthalmic Optics

Question 1

All of the following are steps performed to ascertain a patient's refraction except:

A)Measurement of visual acuity
B)Refractometry
C)Measurement of accommodative ability
D)Tonometry

Answer 1

Tonometry

Question 2

The sum of the steps performed in arriving at a decision as to what lens or lenses will most benefit the patient is known as:

A)Ophthalmology
B)Refraction
C)Refractometry
D)Visual acuity

Answer 2

Refraction

Question 3

The refraction that a patient likes the most is known as the:

A)Comfortable refraction
B)Subjective refraction
C)Objective refraction
D)Cyclopegic refraction

Answer 3

Subjective refraction

Question 4

In the following lens prescription, which number represents the spherical power: +1.00 +0.50 x 70

A)1.00
B)0.50
C)70
D)The spherical power is not part of the lens prescription

Question 5

How might transposition of an eyeglass prescription be used?

A)To find the refractive index
B)To find the focal length of a lens
C)To determine a patient's refraction
D)To convert a minus cylinder power to a plus cylinder power

Question 6

Transpose the following spherocylindrical minus prescription: +2.00 -1.00 x 180

A)+1.00 -2.00 x 90
B)+2.00 -3.00 x 180
C)+1.00 +1.00 x 90
D)-1.00 -2.00 x 90

Question 7

A toric contact lens is analogous to:

A)A prism lens
B)A cylinder lens
C)A plus lens
D)A minus lens

Question 8

Convex lenses have what type of dioptric value?

A)Positive
B)Negative
C)Neutral
D)None of the above

Question 9

A lens made up of sphere power and cylinder power is known as a:

A)Spherocylindrical lens
B)Cylindrospherical lens
C)Cross cylinder
D)Progressive lens

Question 10

What type of lenses can be used to correct astigmatism?

A)Prism lenses
B)Cylinder lenses
C)Plus lenses
D)Minus lenses

Question 11

A lens consisting of two cylinders of equal power but of opposite designation, one being plus and the other being minus, and their axes set 90 degrees apart is known as a:

A)Correcting cylinder
B)Cross cylinder
C)Spherical equivalent
D)Prism

Question 12

A patient suffering from a strabismus or a crossed eye may be prescribed which of the following?

A)Convex lenses
B)Concave lenses
C)Prism lenses
D)Reading glasses

Question 13

If a patient has diplopia in both eyes, it may be corrected with what type of lens?

A)Plus lens
B)Minus lens
C)Prism lens
D)A spherocylinder in each lens

Question 14

The best correction a patient with astigmatism can obtain without a cylinder is known as:

A)Irregular astigmatism
B)Cylinder equivalent
C)Spherical equivalent
D)Subjective refraction

Question 15

What is the focal length of a 4.00 D lens?

A)0.33 m
B)0.5 m
C)1.0 m
D)0.25 m

Question 16

The power of a cylinder lens is found how many degrees away from its axis?

A)30 degrees
B)60 degrees
C)90 degrees
D)120 degrees

Question 17

What would be the spherical equivalent of a (-2.00 + 2.00 x 90) lens?

A)-3.00
B)-1.00
C)+1.00
D)-2.00

Question 18

The majority of glasses dispensed are made out of what material?

A)Glass
B)Plastic
C)Polycarbonate
D)Vinyl

Question 19

A plus lens is produced by:

A)Putting two prisms apex to apex
B)Putting two prisms base to base
C)Putting two prisms base to apex
D)None of the above

Question 20

The amount of induced prism and the direction of the prism are determined by __________ . Choose all that apply.

A)The position of the eyes
B)The prescription
C)The position of the nose
D)None of the above

Question 21

What is the meaning of a diopter?

A)Space between your pupils
B)Instrument used to measure base curve
C)A unit of measurement designating the refractive power of a lens

Question 22

Hyperopia is

A)Nearsightedness, where the patient sees better up close than far
B)The beginning stages of glaucoma
C)The loss of the elasticity of the crystalline lens that occurs from aging
D)Farsightedness, seeing fine in the distance, but can't focus up close

Question 23

Visual acuity is the measurement of the visual processing system to determine visual performance.

Question 24

The term refractive error means

A)Errors are made in interpreting a prescription by an optician
B)There are abnormalities in the eye preventing the light from focusing on the retina correctly
C)A refraction is done incorrectly
D)None of the above

Question 25

Photophobia is

A)Aging eyes
B)A person who is afraid to have their picture taken
C)Abnormal sensitivity to light

Question 26

A Fresnel prism is

A)The name for the prism ground into lenses
B)The name for the plastic sheet of press-on prisms that can be added to existing lenses
C)None of the above

Question 27

The definition of accommodation is

A)The time it takes to get used to a new prescription
B)The ability to see in the dark
C)The muscles in the eye allow the eye to focus at different distances

Question 28

On a lensometer, how do you determine the center of a prescription lens?

A)You first measure the lens width and divide it in half
B)You determine the center of the mires with both sphere and cylinder power
C)You determine with either sphere or cylinder, not both

Question 29

The effective power of a lens does not change because the lens is closer or farther away from the eye.

Question 30

If you have been given this prescription below, to optimize it for the patient's best acuity you should?
Prescription: OD -2.50-.75 X 90, OS -8.50-3.50 X 45

A)Order the lens as specified
B)Order the prescription with a slab off
C)Order the lenses with a hi index lens

Question 31

Placing a patient in a base curve which is too steep means

A)The patient will not be able to see up close
B)The patient will not be able to see far away
C)Objects the patient sees will be too large and distorted
D)Objects the patient sees will be too small

Question 32

Do most labs cut prescriptions out using plus cylinder or minus cylinder?

A)Minus
B)Plus

Question 33

An astigmatism prescription is one that can contains

A)Plus powers
B)Minus powers
C)Plano power
D)All of the above

Question 34

Using the Standard or TABO notation when looking at the patient, the 180 degree mark would be where on the patient's lens?

A)On the top of both lenses
B)On the left of both lenses
C)On the bottom of both lenses
D)On the right of both lenses

Question 35

Consider the following prescription, where would the thickest part of the lens be when the patient is wearing this prescription?
Prescription: OD -.25 -3.00 X 90, OS -1.25 -2.00 X 87

A)The outer edges of the lens
B)The inner edges of the lens
C)The upper edge of the lens
D)The lower edge of the lens

Question 36

Which of these is not considered a multifocal lens?

A)Trifocal
B)Executive
C)Double D
D)FT 45
E)None of the above

Question 37

Which would be the best solution for people who want to see up close at the top of their lens and at the bottom of their lens?

A)Use a press-on bifocal seg
B)Order a trifocal lens
C)Order a double d lens

Question 38

A trifocal lens fitting height is measured to be placed at the patient's eyelid.

Question 39

In this trifocal prescription, what is the mid-range add power?
Prescription: OD -.25 -2.50 X 87 OS -.75 -2.25 X 42 +3.00 Add

A)+1.00
B)+1.50
C)+2.00
D)None of the above

Question 40

When measuring the patient's PD for a bifocal lens you actually need the measurement for?

A)Finding the distance between both pupils for distance correction
B)Determining if both eyes are even
C)Determining both near and far measurements of the eyes

Question 41

What is the vision range in the intermediary zone of the trifocal?

A)12 to 36 inches
B)18 to 24 mm
C)10 to 18 inches
D)18 to 24 inches

Question 42

Which of the following is not a type of trifocal made?

A)10 X 35
B)7 X 24
C)8 X 35
D)These are all made

Question 43

What is the ABBE value of Crown glass?

A)58
B)36
C)30

Question 44

Which is not a factor in non-adaptation of a high index lens?

A)Base curve
B)Processing aberrations
C)Glare

Question 45

Which of the following lenses has the lowest index of refraction?

A)Polycarbonate
B)Trivex
C)CR-39
D)Crown glass
E)Hi index 1.60

Question 46

Which lens is recommended for drill mounted frames?

A)Trivex
B)CR-39
C)Polycarbonate

Question 47

Which lens has the least UV absorption?

A)CR-39
B)Polycarb
C)Crown glass
D)Mid index lenses

Question 48

A polarized lens always protects against 100% of UV.

Question 49

What is the "bullet proof" lens of choice for children's prescriptions?

A)Trivex
B)Polycarbonate
C)Hi index
D)CR-39

Question 50

Prentices rule for prism: Diopters (?) are equal to the decentration distance (c) in centimeters divided by the lens power (D).

Question 51

When light passes through a prism:

A)It spreads the light outward.
B)It is refracted toward the prism base.
C)It is redirected upward.
D)None of the above.

Question 52

Which of the following conditions cannot be helped by adding prism to a prescription?

A)Diplopia
B)Hypotropia
C)Presbyopia
D)Exotropia

Question 53

If you have a prescription written for 2 BO, OU, what does that mean?

A)2 base out and 2 base up
B)Referred to as a yoked prism
C)2 base out in both eyes
D)1 base out in both eyes

Question 54

What is prism by decentration?

A)Cutting off the surface of the lens when power is not sufficient
B)Cutting off the surface of the lens when the power is sufficient
C)None of the above

Question 55

Lateral (or transverse) chromatic aberration is a measure of the difference in prismatic deviation between which two colors?

A)Yellow and Green
B)Blue and Red

Question 56

How should the prism be added to this prescription?
Prescription: OD -200 -100 X 180 5BU, OS -1.50 -.50 X 90

A)5 base up in the right eye
B)5 base up in both eyes
C)2.5 base up in the right and 2.5 base down in the left
D)None of the above