Question 1

A linear correlation coefficient (r) of 1.0 in a research study indicates:&#10;A)A perfect correlation between the study variables&#10;B)No correlation between the study variables&#10;C)A negative correlation between the study variables&#10;D)Not enough information is provided to make an assessment

Accepted Answer

A linear correlation coefficient (r) of 1.0 in a research study indicates a perfect correlation between the study variables, and means that the relationship between the variables is very strong. In research studies, r values of 0.5 or greater indicate strong correlations, while r values below 0.5 indicate weaker correlations.

Question 2

A chi-squared test:&#10;A)Is a measure of bone density&#10;B)Is used to calculate the number of people needed for a focus group&#10;C)Is a measurement of the expected difference between two data categories, based on a specific hypothesis&#10;D)Tracks the validity and reliability of a food frequency questionnaire

Accepted Answer

A chi-squared test is a measurement of the expected difference between two different data categories, based on a specific hypothesis. It is a commonly used statistical tool in research studies. For example, investigators believe elderly adults attending a workshop about sodium and hypertension will lower their salt intake as a result of participating in the workshop. A chi-squared test can be used to determine whether the salt intake before and after the workshop are statistically different. Chi-square analysis is not used to predict group size or to evaluate the validity and reliability of diet assessment tools such as the food frequency questionnaire.

Question 3

A cross-sectional study is used when a researcher wants to:&#10;A)Compare frequencies of many different diseases in a community over a year&#10;B)Collect information about one type of disease in a group of people over a defined time period&#10;C)Measure lab values of study subjects at specific intervals&#10;D)Control for confounding factors

Accepted Answer

A cross-sectional study is used to collect information about one type of disease in a group of people over a defined time period. Cross-sectional studies are not used to compare multiple diseases. Confounding factors are exposures or variables that may affect the outcome of a study, and which study investigators control for using statistical methods.

Question 4

Which protein-digesting enzymes are produced by the pancreas:&#10;A)Trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase&#10;B)Amylase, maltase, sucrase&#10;C)Peptidase, lipase, esterase&#10;D)Nuclease, secretin, cholycystekinin

Accepted Answer

Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase are protein-digesting enzymes produced by the pancreas. They are released in pancreatic juice in response to a meal containing protein-rich foods.

Question 5

Drop batter is made up of:&#10;A)One part liquid and one part flour&#10;B)One part liquid and two parts flour&#10;C)Two parts liquid and one part flour&#10;D)Two parts liquid and three parts flour

Accepted Answer

Drop batter is made from one part liquid and two parts flour. It is used in baking biscuits, muffins, and scones.

Question 6

A 43-year old woman with a long history of obesity and moderate hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance is referred to you by her primary care physician for nutritional counseling. The woman says she is not interested in following a diet and is not willing to commit to long-term counseling. What strategy would be most effective in working with her?

A)Refer her to another RD.
B)Discuss the value of small, manageable lifestyle modifications and encourage her to add one or two specific changes to her daily routine.
C)Give her a written 1200-calorie diet plan and ask her to come back in 2 weeks.
D)Lecture her about the risks to her health if she remains obese.

Accepted Answer

The strategy that would be most effective in working with this woman would be to suggest a few small beneficial changes that she can make on her own without changing her entire diet. Having success with a few manageable suggestions may motivate her to begin making other small health-related changes to her diet and lifestyle. Since she is not interested in any type of formal diet instruction, providing a 1200-calorie written diet plan or lecturing her about her health risks will only reinforce her resistance to change.

Question 7

Proxemics refers to:&#10;A)The ability to read small print&#10;B)Formulas used to calculate electrolytes in enteral feedings&#10;C)A management style used in major corporations&#10;D)An individual's position, orientation, and distance from other people in a room

Accepted Answer

Proxemics refers to the manner in which an individual positions himself in a room, in relation to other people. Counselors can use the distance between people to assess how comfortable individuals are in the classroom and other learning situations.

Question 8

A 43-year old woman with a long history of obesity and moderate hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance is referred to you by her primary care physician for nutritional counseling. The woman says she is not interested in following a diet and is not willing to commit to long-term counseling. What strategy would be most effective in working with her?

A)Refer her to another RD.
B)Discuss the value of small, manageable lifestyle modifications and encourage her to add one or two specific changes to her daily routine.
C)Give her a written 1200-calorie diet plan and ask her to come back in 2 weeks.
D)Lecture her about the risks to her health if she remains obese.

Accepted Answer

The strategy that would be most effective in working with this woman would be to suggest a few small beneficial changes that she can make on her own without changing her entire diet. Having success with a few manageable suggestions may motivate her to begin making other small health-related changes to her diet and lifestyle. Since she is not interested in any type of formal diet instruction, providing a 1200-calorie written diet plan or lecturing her about her health risks will only reinforce her resistance to change.

Deck 4: Nutrition Science