Deck 2: The Health Care Environment

Question 1

Improvement in perceived quality of care has been reported in magnet organizations.According to several studies,which of the following is thought to contribute significantly to these quality outcomes and quality of care?

A)nurse's work environment
B)quality assessment practices
C)performance improvement practices
D)shorter lengths of stay in the hospital

Answer 1

nurse's work environment

Question 2

How many Americans under the age of 65 feel they lack access to health care services due to their lack of any form of insurance?

A)23 million
B)47 million
C)56 million
D)15 million

Answer 2

47 million

Question 3

Seven important features have been identified as benefits of primary care.Which of the following is not one of these seven benefits?

A)care that is continuous
B)care that began at first contact with the patient
C)care that is integral
D)care that is community oriented

Answer 3

care that is integral

Question 4

The link between adverse patient outcomes and cleanliness was discovered by:

A)W. Edwards Deming
B)Florence Nightingale
C)Isabel Hampton Robb
D)Dorothea Dix

Question 5

Three components of health care systems are:

A)strategy, outcome, and performance
B)process, strategy, and opportunity
C)structure, process, and outcome
D)outcome, procedure, and structure

Question 6

Which country spends 10% of its gross domestic product (GDP)annually on its health care system,and has the eighth largest global health care budget?

A)Japan
B)United States
C)Canada
D)France

Question 7

Which of the following is not considered to be one of the five most expensive health conditions?

A)heart disease
B)cancer
C)trauma
D)diabetes

Question 8

What is the leading cause for personal bankruptcy in the United States?

A)credit card fraud
B)medical debt
C)credit card debt
D)unemployment or loss of job

Question 9

Which country is noted to have the longest life expectancy,provide comprehensive health care for its people,and have one of the most advanced health care systems in the world?

A)United States
B)Canada
C)France
D)Japan

Question 10

Which United States president formed the Committee on Economic Security as a means of helping the nation's needs?

A)Theodore Roosevelt
B)Lyndon B. Johnson
C)Woodrow Wilson
D)Franklin Roosevelt

Question 11

Prescription medications for the elderly have continued to rise.How much is the total cost for these medications to the national health care expenditures?

A)15%
B)10%
C)5%
D)20%

Question 12

Which agency/division is not a part of the U.S.Department of Health and Human Services?

A)Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
B)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
C)Institute of Medicine (IOM)
D)Indian Health Service (IHS)

Question 13

Which piece of federal legislation provides tax exclusions for medical savings accounts?

A)ERISA
B)COBRA
C)HIPAA
D)AHRQ

Question 14

One factor of hospital design which could improve patient outcomes is:

A)exposure to natural light
B)carpeted hallways and rooms
C)good interior design
D)short hallways for nurses

Question 15

Two of the areas of physician shortage most prevalent in the United States are:

A)family practice and dermatology
B)family practice and orthopedics
C)family practice and psychiatry
D)family practice and geriatrics

Question 16

The United States spends how much of the gross domestic product (GDP)on health care?

A)16%
B)12%
C)20%
D)10%

Question 17

Which country has been identified as having the best health care system in the world?

A)Belgium
B)France
C)Germany
D)Japan

Question 18

One activity which could be included in the process component of health care is:

A)medical records
B)referrals to specialists
C)absence of health care-acquired infections
D)recruitment and retention of nurses

Question 19

When the United States health care system is compared to other countries such as Germany or Canada,it is noted that our health care system is:

A)more organized and better equipped to handle large volumes of emergencies
B)less organized, but with better access to equipment and technological advances
C)more organized and more expensive
D)less organized and more expensive

Question 20

Variables in health care disparity may include:

A)type of illness
B)health care access
C)mental illness
D)type of hospital

Question 21

Raising the costs of the privately insured to offset the cost of Medicare and Medicaid is known as:

A)cost shifting
B)cost containment
C)budgeting
D)resource utilization

Question 22

Primary health care serves to benefit the patient in three ways.Which one of the ways is not correct?

A)reduce hospitalizations
B)improve health
C)reduce morbidity
D)reduce costs

Question 23

Which of the following are methods for reimbursement for health care services in the United States? Select all that apply.

A)universal health care
B)private insurers
C)publicly funded payers
D)direct payment by consumers

Question 24

What is one of the two measures utilized to measure the health quality of the nation?

A)immunization rates
B)persons older than 65
C)infant mortality
D)cost of care

Question 25

The Institute of Medicine has defined six improvement aims for the health care system.Which of the following are included in these six improvement aims? Select all that apply.

A)safety
B)equity
C)timeliness
D)cost-effectiveness

Question 26

There are many forces which affect overall health care utilization.Which of the following is not included in these forces?

A)technological advances
B)increased accountability
C)increase in chronic illness
D)changes in consumer preferences

Question 27

A number of key pieces of federal legislation developed the national standards that the individual states use to regulate health insurance.Which of the following are some of these key pieces of legislation? Select all that apply.

A)the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
B)the New Deal (ND)
C)the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
D)the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Question 28

The Institute of Medicine's (2003)report Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality centered on five competencies that health care professionals' training programs should include.Which of the following are some of these competencies? Select all that apply.

A)ability to use health information technology
B)ability to provide rapid triage of illness and devise effective treatment plans
C)ability to provide patient-centered care
D)ability to measure the quality of care

Question 29

The costs of health care using a downstream focus means

A)health care costs more
B)health care costs less
C)cost is about the same
D)cost is twice as much