Question 1

'Character' refers to the complete system constituted by the acts of _________ of a particular kind.&#10;A)wish&#10;B)desire&#10;C)intention&#10;D)will

Accepted Answer

'Character' refers to the complete system constituted by the acts of 'will' of a particular kind.

Question 2

__________ exactly corresponds to character.&#10;A)Wish&#10;B)conduct&#10;C)Will&#10;D)Desire

Accepted Answer

conduct&#10;

Question 3

Find out the items in the List B that match those in the List A.  &#10;A)3, 4, 1, 2&#10;B)2, 3, 1, 4&#10;C)1, 4, 3, 2&#10;D)3, 4, 2, 1

Accepted Answer

3, 4, 1, 2&#10;

Question 4

Universalistic hedonism is also called ___________.&#10;A)ethical&#10;B)psychological&#10;C)utilitarianism&#10;D)altruism

Accepted Answer

Universalistic hedonism is another term for utilitarianism, a theory in ethics that suggests the best action is the one that maximizes utility, typically defined as that which produces the greatest well-being of the greatest number of people.

Question 5

It is wrong to break a promise because as a moral law it cannot be universalized. This illustrates the ethical position of _____________.&#10;A)Kant&#10;B)J. S. Mill&#10;C)Bentham&#10;D)Spencer

Accepted Answer

This statement reflects Immanuel Kant's deontological ethics, particularly his categorical imperative, which argues that actions are morally right if they can be universalized as a law that everyone could follow. Breaking a promise fails this test and is therefore considered wrong in Kantian ethics.

Question 6

All conduct either promotes or hinders the organism's adaptation to the environment. This implies the ___________ theory of morality.&#10;A)hedonist&#10;B)evolutionary&#10;C)intuitionist&#10;D)none of these

Accepted Answer

The statement aligns with the evolutionary theory of morality, which suggests that moral behavior evolved as it helped our ancestors adapt and survive in their environments.

Question 7

Adjustment of internal relations to external relations is the basic postulate of the ethical theory of ____________.&#10;A)Bentham&#10;B)J. S. Mill&#10;C)Kant&#10;D)Herbert Spencer

Accepted Answer

Herbert Spencer is known for his ethical theory that emphasizes the adjustment of internal relations to external relations, which is a key aspect of his broader philosophical system that includes social and evolutionary theories.

Question 8

According to ____________, moral life makes the inherent rational/spiritual principle more and more explicit.&#10;A)J. S. Mill&#10;B)T. H. Green&#10;C)Herbert Spencer&#10;D)Bentham

Accepted Answer

T. H. Green is associated with the idea that moral life makes the inherent rational/spiritual principle more explicit, reflecting his idealist philosophy which emphasizes the development of self-consciousness and moral growth.

Question 9

________ is the author of Methods of Ethics.&#10;A)Kant&#10;B)T. H. Green&#10;C)Butler&#10;D)Sidgwick

Accepted Answer

Henry Sidgwick is the author of "Methods of Ethics," a significant work in the field of ethics first published in 1874.

Question 10

Desire and _________ are frequently used as synonymous.&#10;A)pleasure&#10;B)intention&#10;C)wish&#10;D)will

Accepted Answer

Desire and wish are often used interchangeably because both words refer to a feeling of wanting something to happen or be true.

Question 11

Find out the mismatching pair.&#10;A)Kant/hedonism&#10;B)Ethics/normative science&#10;C)Intuitionism/conscience&#10;D)Evolutionism/adaptation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Find out the mismatching pair.&#10;A)Kant/hedonism&#10;B)Ethics/normative science&#10;C)Intuitionism/conscience&#10;D)Evolutionism/adaptation...

Question 12

According to __________, conscience is superior to self-love.&#10;A)Bentham&#10;B)J. S. Mill&#10;C)Butler&#10;D)Spencer

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to __________, conscience is superior to...

Question 13

Actions are right/wrong according to their intrinsic nature. This is the position of _________.&#10;A)Intuitionists&#10;B)Hedonists&#10;C)Utilitarians&#10;D)None of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of Actions are right/wrong according to their intrinsic...

Question 14

According to Kant, an action is good/bad ____________.&#10;A)with reference to some external standard&#10;B)according to the pleasure/pain it produces&#10;C)in itself&#10;D)extrinsically

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Kant, an action is good/bad...

Question 15

'The moral principle that guides your action should become a universal law'. This is the view of _____________.&#10;A)J. S. Mill&#10;B)Bentham&#10;C)both (a) and (b)&#10;D)neither (a) nor (b)

Accepted Answer

The answer of 'The moral principle that guides your action...

Question 16

The ethical theory of ___________ shows a close affinity with Darwin's theory of evolution.&#10;A)J. S. Mill&#10;B)Herbert Spencer&#10;C)Immanuel Kant&#10;D)None of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ethical theory of ___________ shows a...

Question 17

&#34;The greatest happiness of the greatest number&#34; is the dictum of _________ hedonism.&#10;A)egoistic&#10;B)psychological&#10;C)universalistic&#10;D)all these

Accepted Answer

The answer of &#34;The greatest happiness of the greatest number&#34;...

Question 18

Sidgwick argued that _________ keeps us impartial in the choice of pleasure.&#10;A)ego&#10;B)reason&#10;C)passion&#10;D)society

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sidgwick argued that _________ keeps us impartial...

Question 19

Psychological hedonism recognizes _________ as the object of desire.&#10;A)pleasure&#10;B)reason&#10;C)pain&#10;D)law

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychological hedonism recognizes _________ as the object...

Question 20

According to J. S. Mill, some pleasures are more desirable on account of ___________.&#10;A)quantity&#10;B)quality&#10;C)appetite&#10;D)beauty

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to J. S. Mill, some pleasures...

Question 21

Sidgwick tried a synthesis between __________, J. S. Mill and Kant.&#10;A)Bentham&#10;B)Spencer&#10;C)Butler&#10;D)None of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sidgwick tried a synthesis between __________, J....

Question 22

The author of The Data of Ethics is ___________.&#10;A)Kant&#10;B)Spencer&#10;C)Bentham&#10;D)J. S. Mill

Accepted Answer

The answer of The author of The Data of Ethics...

Question 23

Perfection or self-realization is the ________ of moral evolution.&#10;A)beginning&#10;B)content&#10;C)law&#10;D)ideal

Accepted Answer

The answer of Perfection or self-realization is the ________ of...

Question 24

The view that moral development is directed towards a specific goal is __________.&#10;A)universalistic&#10;B)teleological&#10;C)legal&#10;D)all these

Accepted Answer

The answer of The view that moral development is directed...

Question 25

__________ is the author of Prolegomena to Ethics.&#10;A)Bentham&#10;B)Aristotle&#10;C)T. H. Green&#10;D)J. S. Mill

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ is the author of Prolegomena to...

Deck 12: Ethical Theories and Concepts