Deck 54: The Child With a Developmental Disability

Question 1

The best setting for daytime care for a 5-year-old autistic child whose mother works is

A) Private day care
B) Public school
C) His own home with a sitter
D) A specialized program that facilitates interaction by use of behavioral methods

Answer 1

A specialized program that facilitates interaction by use of behavioral methods

Question 2

Developmental delays,self-injury,fecal smearing,and severe temper tantrums in a preschool child are symptoms of

A) Down syndrome
B) Intellectual disability
C) Psychosocial deprivation
D) Separation anxiety

Answer 2

Intellectual disability

Question 3

What action is contraindicated when a child with Down syndrome is hospitalized?

A) Determine the child's vocabulary for specific body functions.
B) Assess the child's hearing and visual capabilities.
C) Encourage parents to leave the child alone for extended periods of time.
D) Have meals served at the child's usual meal times.

Answer 3

Encourage parents to leave the child alone for extended periods of time.

Question 4

A parent asks the nurse why a developmental assessment is being conducted for a child during a routine well-child visit.The nurse answers based on the knowledge that routine developmental assessments during well-child visits are

A) Not necessary unless the parents request them
B) The best method for early detection of cognitive disorders
C) Frightening to parents and children and should be avoided
D) Valuable in measuring intelligence in children

Question 5

Many of the physical characteristics of Down syndrome present feeding problems.Care of the infant should include

A) Delaying feeding solid foods until the tongue thrust has stopped
B) Modifying diet as necessary to minimize the diarrhea that often occurs
C) Providing calories appropriate to child's age
D) Using special bottles that may assist the infant with feeding

Question 6

The father of a child recently diagnosed with developmental delay is very rude and hostile toward the nurses.This father was cooperative during the child's evaluation a month ago.What is the best explanation for this change in parental behavior?

A) The father is exhibiting symptoms of a psychiatric illness.
B) The father may be abusing the child.
C) The father is resentful of the time he is missing from work for this appointment.
D) The father is experiencing a symptom of grief.

Question 7

Appropriate interventions to facilitate socialization of the cognitively impaired child include

A) Providing age-appropriate toys and play activities
B) Providing peer experiences, such as scouting, when older
C) Avoiding exposure to strangers who may not understand cognitive development
D) Emphasizing mastery of physical skills because they are delayed more often than verbal skills

Question 8

A nurse is giving a parent information about autism.Which statement made by the parent indicates understanding of the teaching?

A) Autism is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation.
B) The onset of autism usually occurs before 3 years of age.
C) Children with autism have imitation and gesturing skills.
D) Autism can be treated effectively with medication.

Question 9

The infant with Down syndrome is closely monitored during the first year of life for what serious condition?

A) Thyroid complications
B) Orthopedic malformations
C) Dental malformation
D) Cardiac abnormalities

Question 10

The nurse is providing counseling to the mother of a child diagnosed with fragile X syndrome.She explains to the mother that fragile X syndrome is

A) Most commonly seen in girls
B) Acquired after birth
C) Usually transmitted by the male carrier
D) Usually transmitted by the female carrier

Question 11

An appropriate nursing diagnosis for a child with a cognitive dysfunction who has a limited ability to anticipate danger is

A) Impaired social interaction
B) Deficient knowledge
C) Risk for injury
D) Ineffective coping

Question 12

Which statement best describes Fragile X syndrome?

A) Chromosomal defect affecting only females
B) Chromosomal defect that follows the pattern of X-linked recessive disorders
C) Second most common genetic cause of cognitive impairment
D) Most common cause of noninherited cognitive impairment

Question 13

A parent whose child has been diagnosed with a cognitive deficit should be counseled that intellectual impairment

A) Is usually due to a genetic defect
B) May be caused by a variety of factors
C) Is rarely due to first trimester events
D) Is usually caused by parental intellectual impairment

Question 14

What should be the major consideration when selecting toys for a child with an intellectual or developmental disability?

A) Safety
B) Age appropriateness
C) Ability to provide exercise
D) Ability to teach useful skills

Question 15

Throughout their life span,cognitively impaired children are less capable of managing environmental challenges and are at risk for

A) Nutritional deficits
B) Visual impairments
C) Physical injuries
D) Psychiatric problems

Question 16

A newborn assessment shows separated sagittal suture,oblique palpebral fissures,depressed nasal bridge,protruding tongue,and transverse palmar creases.These findings are most suggestive of

A) Microcephaly
B) Down syndrome
C) Cerebral palsy
D) Fragile X syndrome

Question 17

Anticipatory guidance for the family of a preadolescent with a cognitive dysfunction should include information about

A) Institutional placement
B) Sexual development
C) Sterilization
D) Clothing

Question 18

What should the nurse keep in mind when planning to communicate with a child who has autism?

A) The child has normal verbal communication.
B) Expect the child to use sign language.
C) The child may exhibit monotone speech and echolalia.
D) The child is not listening if she is not looking at the nurse.

Question 19

The child with Down syndrome should be evaluated for which condition before participating in some sports?

A) Hyperflexibility
B) Cutis marmorata
C) Atlantoaxial instability
D) Speckling of iris (Brushfield spots)

Question 20

Parents have learned that their 6-year-old child has autism.The nurse may help the parents to cope by explaining that the child may

A) Have an extremely developed skill in a particular area
B) Outgrow the condition by early adulthood
C) Have average social skills
D) Have age-appropriate language skills

Question 21

A nurse is assessing a newborn for facial feature characteristics associated with fetal alcohol syndrome: Which characteristics should the nurse expect to assess? Select all that apply.

A) Short palpebral fissures
B) Smooth philtrum
C) Low set ears
D) Inner epicanthal folds
E) Thin upper lip

Question 22

You are the nurse assessing a 3-year-old child who has characteristics of autism.Which observed behaviors are associated with autism? Select all that apply.

A) The child flicks the light in the examination room on and off repetitiously.
B) The child has a flat affect.
C) The child demonstrates imitation and gesturing skills.
D) Mother reports the child has no interest in playing with other children.
E) The child is able to make eye contact.

Question 23

A nurse should plan to implement which interventions for a child admitted with inorganic failure to thrive? Select all that apply.

A) Observation of parent-child interactions
B) Assignment of different nurses to care for the child from day to day
C) Use of 28 calorie per ounce concentrated formulas
D) Administration of daily multivitamin supplements
E) Role modeling appropriate adult-child interactions

Question 24

Unlike fragile X syndrome,which affects primarily males,__________ (RS)is almost exclusively linked to female gender.

Question 25

A child with autism hospitalized with asthma.The nurse should plan care so that the

A) Parents' expectations are met.
B) Child's routine habits and preferences are maintained.
C) Child is supported through the autistic crisis.
D) Parents need not be at the hospital.