Deck 20: Asepsis and Infection Control

Question 1

What is the most common reason people contact healthcare providers?

A) Sleeplessness
B) Infectious disease
C) Anxiety
D) Pain

Answer 1

Infectious disease

Question 2

The nurse performs hand hygiene with soap and water before caring for a client. What is the primary rationale for this action?

A) To protect the integrity of the nurse's immune system
B) To prevent the nurse from developing disease
C) To eliminate disease-producing organisms from the nurse's skin
D) To sterilize the nurse's hands to prevent infection

Answer 2

To eliminate disease-producing organisms from the nurse's skin

Question 3

Any microorganism capable of disrupting normal physiologic body processes is a:

A) bacterium.
B) fomite.
C) pathogen.
D) virus.

Answer 3

pathogen.

Question 4

A client has a systemic infection that resulted from an untreated urinary tract infection. The client has malaise and is confused. The client is:

A) septic.
B) contagious.
C) lethargic.
D) toxic.

Question 5

An infection or the products of infection carried throughout the body by the blood is called:

A) contamination.
B) infectious disease.
C) septicemia.
D) viral illness.

Question 6

A nursing student presents to the university health center reporting a sore throat, malaise, and loss of appetite. The nurse assesses the student and determines he or she has large, white-yellow exudates in the back of the throat and a fever. The student is presenting with:

A) an infectious disease
B) a viral illness
C) a throat mass
D) mononucleosis

Question 7

Before and after doing aseptic techniques with a client, the nurse should:

A) sterilize equipment.
B) apply clean gloves.
C) replace equipment.
D) wash hands.

Question 8

Hepatitis is classified as a virus that:

A) is localized in the liver.
B) causes decreased urine.
C) results in pallor.
D) causes tissue damage.

Question 9

A nurse is implementing aseptic practices on the medical-surgical unit to prevent infection transmission. Which route would the nurse most likely address first because it is the most common route of transmission?

A) Contact
B) Vehicle
C) Droplet
D) Airborne

Question 10

Which factor has contributed to resistant microbial strains?

A) Antibiotic use for bacterial infections
B) Use of antibiotics in clients with viral infections
C) Use of topical antibiotics on skin abrasions
D) Mutation of common disease-causing viruses

Question 11

A client with HIV is the:

A) pathogen.
B) virulence.
C) specificity.
D) carrier.

Question 12

A client has sexual intercourse with someone infected with HIV. The vehicle of transmission is:

A) semen.
B) blood.
C) wound drainage.
D) sputum.

Question 13

When a nurse picks up a client's contaminated tissue without gloves and fails to wash the hands sufficiently, the nurse provides for the client's organisms to be spread by which type of transmission?

A) Airborne
B) Contact
C) Vector
D) Vehicle

Question 14

What is the most common client site for development of healthcare-associated infections (HAI)?

A) Surgical wound
B) Respiratory tract
C) Bloodstream
D) Urinary tract

Question 15

To eliminate needlesticks as potential hazards to nurses, the nurse should:

A) place the uncapped needle on a tray and carry it to the medicine room for disposal.
B) immediately deposit uncapped needles into puncture-proof plastic container.
C) stick the uncapped needle into a Styrofoam block and deposit in a plastic container.
D) slide the needle into the cap and deposit it in a puncture-proof plastic container.

Question 16

Disinfectants are used:

A) to prepare instruments for surgery.
B) to sterilize surgical drapes.
C) to clean rooms between clients.
D) for preoperative bowel preparations.

Question 17

When the client who has been diagnosed with hepatitis B has been hospitalized, the type of isolation the nursing staff should observe is:

A) droplet precautions.
B) standard precautions.
C) reverse precautions.
D) body substance isolation.

Question 18

A client has had a stem cell transplant and is receiving immunosuppressive agents. Which type of isolation would the nurse use?

A) Droplet precautions
B) Airborne precautions
C) Contact precautions
D) Protective isolation

Question 19

A client has an inguinal hernia repair and later develops a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection at the surgical site. What is the most important factor to prevent this infection?

A) Surgical asepsis
B) Increased T cells
C) Decreased antibiotics
D) Increased vitamin C

Question 20

The nurse explains to the client that the first line of defense against infection is:

A) the cell-mediated immune response.
B) early intervention with antibiotics.
C) staying home when sick.
D) intact skin and mucous membranes.
E) low levels of flora.

Question 21

A client suffers from bloody diarrhea after eating contaminated food at a local restaurant. The client has been infected with a(an):

A) bacteria.
B) virus.
C) fungi.
D) protozoa.

Question 22

A nurse is providing care to a client who has Salmonella food poisoning. The nurse understands that this pathogen was transmitted by which mechanism?

A) Direct contact
B) Vehicle
C) Droplet
D) Airborne

Question 23

A nurse is providing care to several clients. The nurse performs handwashing with soap and water instead of an alcohol-based hand sanitizer for a client infected with which pathogen? Select all that apply.

A) Clostridium difficile
B) Norovirus
C) Staphylococcus aureus
D) Candida albicans
E) E. coli

Question 24

A nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with impetigo. The nurse would institute which type of infection control?

A) Airborne precautions
B) Droplet precautions
C) Contact precautions
D) Protective isolation

Question 25

After providing care to a client, the nurse is disposing of waste materials. Which waste would the nurse identify as injurious waste? Select all that apply.

A) Used syringe with attached needle
B) Used fingerstick lancet
C) Blood-soiled dressings
D) Cotton-tipped applicator used for wound cleaning
E) Chemotherapy solution container