Deck 7: Leading Small Groups: Theoretical Perspectives

Question 1

Groups of participants with high social needs were most productive with task-oriented procedural leaders and least productive with no designated leader.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In addition to the FIRST state of leader emergence in leaderless groups, may be uninterested in leading, unable to lead (e.g., too busy), or may communicate in ways others perceive as ____________ (e.g., quiet, uninformed, or dogmatic).

Answer 2

non leaderlike

Question 3

Studies indicate that men and women may exert leadership in different ways.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Three major styles of leadership studied early in the development of group dynamics research were called autocratic, democratic, and ______________.

Question 5

All of the following are behaviors of emergent leaders in virtual groups, except

A) having someone else understand technology since leaders don't have time to learn.
B) consciously pay attention to personalizing the work of members or face losing this important dimension of groups.
C) none of these.
D) all of these.
E) a specialized skill set adapted to the unique character of the medium.

Question 6

Leadership can be exerted by every member of a small group.

Question 7

Legitimate power in leadership stems from

A) leadership skills.
B) organizational authority.
C) identification with other leaders.
D) a role acknowledged by the followers.
E) none of these.

Question 8

"Gives assignments to members to get needed work done" is a person who possesses what leadership style?

A) laissez-faire leadership style
B) autocratic leadership style
C) democratic leadership style

Question 9

List and briefly explain (perhaps using examples) each of the five major categories of power to influence other persons' behaviors.

Question 10

The "leader-member exchange" model of leadership is concerned with

A) none of these
B) why and how supervisory leaders give special breaks to "pet" members of work groups they supervise.
C) members differ in the amount of negotiating latitude they are allowed by leaders.
D) the verbal interaction leaders and members engage in to establish and achieve group goals.
E) how supervisory leaders use rewards to motivate work from members of work crews.

Question 11

Appointing a designated leader does not mean that leadership should not be distributed among group members on the basis of their respective competencies.

Question 12

The idea of "leader as completer" suggests participant-observer who monitors the group's process, identifies what functions are missing, and then either supplies those functions or asks one of the members to do so.

Question 13

Emergent small group leaders were reported by Baker to be

A) high in procedure giving, moderate in idea giving, and low in stating opinions.
B) high in opinion giving but low in suggesting procedures.
C) high in both opinion giving and suggesting procedures.
D) none of these
E) low in both opinion giving and suggesting procedures.

Question 14

Fiedler's contingency model of leadership assumes that most people who function as designated leaders are relatively adaptable to a variety of types of tasks, members, and other contingencies of group context.

Question 15

"Makes no recommendations for structuring problem solving" is a person who possesses what leadership style?

A) laissez-faire leadership style
B) autocratic leadership style
C) democratic leadership style

Question 16

The type or style of designated leader who takes no initiative to influence behaviors of other members is ______________.

Question 17

"Leadership" is considered by most group theorists to be a personality trait.

Question 18

What is referent power in leadership?

A) power that group members acknowledge because of special circumstances
B) power that is designated by an organizational authority
C) none of these
D) power that stems from a person's leadership skills
E) power that is based on attraction or identification with another person

Question 19

The more leaders are admired and respected, the more members ___________________ their behavior.

A) admire
B) copy
C) resent
D) endorse
E) none of these

Question 20

A recent meta-analytic study revealed that leader style and productivity were correlated only if the type of task facing the group was taken into account.

Question 21

"Leadership" is defined as

A) a commodity for which members compete in ways that help the group achieve interdependent goals.
B) human (symbolic) communication which modifies the attitudes and behaviors of others in order to meet group goals and needs.
C) a characteristic of a selected individual group member.
D) a property of members rather than of the group.
E) the wielding of power to coordinate the activities of group members.

Question 22

Supervisors tend to give greater latitude to employees whose power needs are similar to theirs than to employees with different power needs.

Question 23

The advantage in small groups with a designated leader is

A) none of these.
B) having someone in the group delineate power among members.
C) all of these.
D) having someone in the group to coordinate the flow of communication and do the work for the members have fewer interpersonal problems, often produce better outcomes, and achieve their goals more often.
E) having someone in the group available to answer to the organization.

Question 24

List and briefly explain the four competencies of leaders within virtual groups

Question 25

Describe the behaviors and types of actions characteristic of high self-monitoring persons.

Question 26

Democratic leadership can be made appropriate to any kind of situation facing a group.

Question 27

The process whereby one individual who starts out on an equal basis with other members but who emerges to be perceived as the group's leader is

A) leader uproot.
B) leadership emergence.
C) leadership.
D) leadership designation.
E) leadership reference.

Question 28

An individual interviewed on CNN because of what she knows about the topic has what type of power?

A) referent power
B) legitimate power
C) expert power

Question 29

Which is not considered to be an effective communicative competency for discussion leaders?

A) Effective group leaders respect and support others.
B) Effective group leaders promote celebration of diversity and sensitive diversity management.
C) Effective group leaders inspire team members' confidence in themselves.
D) none of these
E) Effective group leaders express individual-centered concern.

Question 30

Occasionally a group member emerges as leader even though the group has a designated leader (e.g., an appointed chair).

Question 31

Research evidence indicates that skills in verbalizing ideas for a group may be important for being selected or emerging as a group's leader.

Question 32

"Expert" power comes from perceived skills and ______________ needed to achieve a group's goals.

Question 33

"Leadership" and "persuasion" are similar and overlapping concepts.

Question 34

The right to call committee meetings, by the chair of the committee, is an example of ______________ power.

A) legitimate
B) coercive
C) referent
D) reward
E) authoritative

Question 35

According to Fisher's model, ______________ are group members who support certain contenders in their efforts to emerge as leaders.

Question 36

The examination of characteristics relating to leadership such as enthusiasm, verbal facility, creativity, critical thinking ability, and self-confidence is referred to as a

A) none of these.
B) styles approach.
C) traits approach.
D) situational approach.
E) communication approach.

Question 37

The leader as completer is a leader who

A) serve as a go-between for the small group and its parent organization.
B) provide information the group needs to solve a problem.
C) help develop a set of rules and procedures for problem solving.
D) one who is a participant-observer who monitors the group's process.
E) solve the group's problem(s).

Question 38

Another trait(s) associated with leadership emergence is verbal style, which refers to a communicative style that is

A) idea giving.
B) none of these.
C) all of these.
D) low in stating opinions.
E) knowledgeable about the group's task.

Question 39

The authority of a committee chair to call meetings is an example of coercive power.

Question 40

Management theory which states that people are unmotivated, uninterested, or unfamiliar with the task. is associated with the ______________ style of leading.

Question 41

Which source of power comes from what others believe a member knows or can accomplish?

A) referent power
B) expert power
C) legitimate power
D) designated power

Question 42

In the Minnesota study reported by Fisher, during the second phase of leader emergence, the candidate who falls out of ____________ is usually seen as too directive (bossy) or offensive.

Question 43

More women in designated leader positions were found to prefer the titles "coordinator" or "organizer" than the title "leader" for referring to their positions.

Question 44

Ebony always seems to know the right thing to say at the right time. She might be described as a(n)

A) low self-monitor.
B) task leader.
C) high self-monitor.
D) emergent leader.
E) laissez-faire communicator.

Question 45

List and briefly explain as many as you can of the nine communicative competencies that are components of the Barge-Hirokawa model of effective small group leadership.

Question 46

Small groups with no member designated as "leader" are usually more productive and satisfying than similar groups in which someone has been appointed or elected as leader.

Question 47

Power that results from one person liking or wanting to be like another person is called ______________ power.

Question 48

These assumptions are characteristic of contingency approaches to leadership:

A) cultural values will affect the type of leadership likely to be effective
B) members' skills and experience will affect the type of leadership likely to be effective
C) all of these
D) group situations vary with different situations requiring different leadership styles
E) the type of task and time available

Question 49

"Associated with team building approach" is a person who possesses what leadership style?

A) democratic leadership style
B) autocratic leadership style
C) laissez-faire leadership style

Question 50

Explain the position Galanes and Adams take on the topic of "distributed leadership."

Question 51

No statistical connection was found between democratic leadership and satisfaction of members.

Question 52

"Asks members to suggest volunteer opportunities for the community" is a person who possesses what leadership style?

A) democratic leadership style
B) laissez-faire leadership style
C) autocratic leadership style

Question 53

The functions approach to understanding leadership in small groups is a subtype of the ______________ approach.

Question 54

Fisher found that emergence of a leader in initially leaderless groups is a three-stage process. During the short FIRST stage, one or more members drop from __________ right away.

Question 55

What are traits of self-monitoring in terms of leadership?

A) all of these
B) ability to respond flexibly in a given situation
C) sensitivity to contextual cues
D) social perception
E) none of these

Question 56

A person who modifies the attitudes and behaviors of others in order to meet group goals and needs is the definition of

A) group dynamics.
B) leadership.
C) a leader.
D) group goals.
E) none of these.

Question 57

Leadership can be exerted by

A) threats to get members to work toward group goals.
B) physical objects used to furnish a meeting room.
C) threats, coercion, or suggestions so long as these leader behaviors are goal directed.
D) coercion to get members to do work needed to accomplish group goals.
E) messages involving persuasion and discussion.

Question 58

"Decides who will hold certain positions on the board" is a person who possesses what leadership style?

A) autocratic leadership style
B) democratic leadership style
C) laissez-faire leadership style

Question 59

"Takes a vote to see which project the group will focus on" is a person who possesses what leadership style?

A) laissez-faire leadership style
B) democratic leadership style
C) autocratic leadership style

Question 60

Fisher's model of leadership emergence suggests that any member in a group has the potential to emerge as a leader in that group.