Deck 12: Understanding and Managing Stress in Sport

Question 1

The process of thinking about the activities required to achieve a desired goal on some scale is known as:

A) relaxation
B) planning
C) autogenic training
D) activation

Answer 1

planning

Question 2

The neck-shoulder check is an example of a momentary relaxation exercise.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Another way to deal with under activation caused by fatigue is to:

A) tune into fatigue
B) disassociate from fatigue
C) reactivate the mind and body
D) use imagery to better understand the fatigue

Answer 3

disassociate from fatigue

Question 4

These two words are used synonymously:

A) activation and arousal
B) relaxation and arousal
C) stress and arousal
D) depression and anxiety

Question 5

Sighing with exhalation, rhythmic breathing, and a 5-to-1 breathing count are all exercises that can be used to increase arousal or activation levels.

Question 6

Continued physiological arousal will, up to a _________, lead to positive effects on performance. However, continued increases in physiological arousal could result in a ___________.

A) success; win
B) threshold; catastrophe
C) point; failure
D) level; maintenance of performance

Question 7

The twosensations that are emphasized in autogenic training are:

A) looseness and heaviness
B) calm and relaxed
C) warmth and heaviness
D) warmth and lightness
E) warmth and cold

Question 8

Trait anxiety is spontaneous.

Question 9

Coaches often have four immediate responses to competitive demands perceived as stressful: cognitive, affective, physiological, and behavioral, which, more often than not, negatively influence their coaching style.

Question 10

Proper breathing comes from the:

A) lower chest
B) total chest
C) diaphragm
D) abdomen

Question 11

Sport psychologists may consider increasing arousal levels to perform a/an _______ function to enhance performance.

A) relaxation
B) energizing
C) restructuring
D) reduction

Question 12

Breathing exercises for energy:

A) All of these answers are correct
B) Often result in an optimum activation state
C) Are recommended for athletes
D) Can include imagination breathing and self talk

Question 13

The use and measurements of these would not be helpful with this repressor:

A) sweating
B) EMG
C) cognitive anxiety
D) blood pressure
E) heart rate

Question 14

Which type of nerves control stimulation from the brain to the body?

A) sympathetic
B) afferent
C) efferent
D) parasympathetic

Question 15

Herbert Benson (1975) developed the:

A) Multidimensional Model of Anxiety
B) Relaxation response
C) Catastrophe model
D) Inverted-U hypothesis

Question 16

Problem-focused strategies aim to possibly ______ the stressor by targeting the cause of the stress in practical ways that tackle the issue.

A) completely eliminate
B) reduce or remove
C) continue
D) increase or heighten

Question 17

The principle of the double pull is sometimes referred to as:

A) both arousal and differential relaxation
B) differential relaxation
C) arousal
D) Bracing

Question 18

Momentary muscle relaxation is an alternative progressive muscular relaxation strategy that is best used just prior to batting or serving in tennis or volleyball.

Question 19

These relaxation exercises take between 10-30 seconds and are best used during performance:

A) brief relaxation
B) imagery scripts
C) momentary muscle relaxation
D) progressive muscle relaxation

Question 20

Contemporary anxiety theories do not include which of the following?

A) None of these answers is correct
B) Catastrophe Theory
C) Inverted-U Hypothesis
D) ZOF

Question 21

The potential for __________ of stress in elite sport and the challenges associated with the environments that surround the modern day athlete are widely acknowledged.

A) high levels
B) low levels
C) an internal focus
D) an external focus

Question 22

Very few relaxation techniques require more than a few minutes and a few days to gain competency and be prepared to use under highly stressful or anxiety-provoking conditions.

Question 23

Bracing might lead to all of the following, except:

A) difficulty coordinating movement
B) decrease in cognitive anxiety
C) fatigue
D) excessive muscular tension

Question 24

Stress inoculation training combines the use of imagery, self-talk, and relaxation.

Question 25

The Inverted-U hypothesis is the only theory used to explain stress and performance.

Question 26

Progressive relaxation, autogenic training, the relaxation response, and deep diaphragmatic breathing are:

A) used primarily to calm the athlete so they can psych themselves up again
B) examples of both mind to muscle and muscle to mind arousal management techniques
C) examples of muscle to mind arousal management techniques
D) used primarily to heighten arousal