Deck 14: Europes Economic and Political Ascendancy, 1871-1914

Question 1

The inner zone of Europe in the late nineteenth century, or the "Europe of steam," _____.

A) included most of Ireland and most of the Iberian and Italian peninsulas
B) was inhabited primarily by people who supported themselves by selling grain or livestock
C) was characterized by accumulations of capital and a high standard of living
D) included an agricultural zone with weak constitutional and parliamentary government

Answer 1

was characterized by accumulations of capital and a high standard of living

Question 2

The dramatic rise of the population of Europe in the nineteenth century was accompanied by:

A) a declining standard of living.
B) a rising standard of living.
C) terrible problems associated with overpopulation.
D) a decrease in productivity.

Answer 2

a rising standard of living.

Question 3

In the early nineteenth century, the birth rate in France declined for all of the following reasons except:

A) the French Revolution legalized abortion.
B) the desire of parents to maintain their children's economic and social position.
C) the Napoleonic Code requirement that inheritances be divided among all sons and daughters.
D) the upper classes practiced contraception.

Answer 3

the French Revolution legalized abortion.

Question 4

After the United States, the area or country that received the largest number of European immigrants between 1850 and 1940 was:

A) Canada.
B) Asian Russia.
C) Brazil.
D) Argentina.

Question 5

After 1870, the "New Industrial Revolution" _____.

A) brought into use new forms of power
B) developed oil as one of the most coveted natural resources
C) replaced the individual inventor with chemical research laboratories
D) All of these are correct.

Question 6

The almost universal acceptance of the gold standard after 1870:

A) encouraged multilateral trade relationships.
B) contributed to a slow rise in prices until the 1890s.
C) favored those who habitually worked with borrowed money, such as farmers, many business people, and debtor nations.
D) was the cause of runaway inflation.

Question 7

The hub of the global economic and financial system was London, which became all of the following except:

A) the center of currency exchange.
B) the world's greatest industrial center.
C) the clearing house of the world's debts.
D) the shipping center of the world.

Question 8

The limited liability corporation was an attractive development in the nineteenth century because it:

A) encouraged individual accountability.
B) hindered investment.
C) limited individual losses while encouraging individual investment.
D) lessened the cycles of boom and depression.

Question 9

In the nineteenth century, business people used vertical and horizontal integration to:

A) reduce the costs of production.
B) limit the power and profits of businesses.
C) cope with the ups and downs of business cycles.
D) reduce the costs of production and limit the power and profits of businesses.

Question 10

Elections following the Franco-Prussian War showed that the French people were:

A) anti-monarchist.
B) antirepublican.
C) republican.
D) Bonapartist.

Question 11

In the late nineteenth century, which of the following opened the way toward a new French Republic?

A) The Assembly adopted a constitution rather than constitutive laws.
B) The monarchist majority in the Assembly was evenly divided.
C) The Communards staged peaceful protests.
D) The monarchists tainted their reputation by taking part in the Paris Commune.

Question 12

The Dreyfus Affair was significant for all of the following except that it _____.

A) highlighted the anti-Semitism that existed in France
B) showed France's deep split between left and right
C) led to the triumph of French conservatives and traditionalists
D) led to the separation of church and state

Question 13

The Radical Socialists of France were actually:

A) extreme communists.
B) monarchists.
C) conservatives.
D) radical republicans.

Question 14

In Great Britain, universal male suffrage was granted in _____.

A) 1832
B) 1867
C) 1884
D) 1918

Question 15

After 1870, the Irish demanded that British authorities:

A) dismantle the Church of Ireland.
B) protect farm tenants from landlords.
C) create an Irish parliament.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 16

In the context of the Irish question, which of the following was one of the most conspicuous grievances of the Irish after 1801?

A) The Irish people, though predominantly Protestant, had to pay tithes to the Catholic Church.
B) The Irish people resented Gladstone for being unresponsive to their needs.
C) The Irish peasants were defenseless against their landlords.
D) The Irish peasants wanted to abolish home rule, which favored landowners.

Question 17

In order to weaken republicanism and socialism in Germany, Bismarck:

A) strengthened democratic institutions like the Reichstag.
B) launched the Kulturkampf against the Catholic Church.
C) passed a protective tariff law through the parliament.
D) initiated an extensive program of social legislation.

Question 18

In 1890, Kaiser William II embarked on a "new course" that included all of the following except:

A) a more aggressive colonial and diplomatic policy.
B) Social Democratic participation at the highest level of government.
C) a more conciliatory attitude toward the masses.
D) the enlargement and codification of the system of social security legislation.

Question 19

After 1870, Italian political life was characterized by all of the following except:

A) unstable majorities in Parliament.
B) the popes forbidding many Catholics to participate in elections.
C) manipulation by moderate liberal political leaders.
D) the settlement of the quarrel with the pope over the seizure of papal territories in the years 1860 and 1870.

Question 20

The progress of representative and democratic institutions changed the framework of European politics in all of the following ways except:

A) women rapidly gained political equality.
B) parties replaced oligarchic political organizations.
C) most nations had written constitutions.
D) absolutism was increasingly limited.

Question 21

Describe the zones of Europe in the late nineteenth century. What were the differences between the inner zone and the outer zone?

Question 22

How did Europe's population change in the nineteenth century? How large was Europe's population in relation to that of the rest of the world during this period? What shift occurred in France's population relative to the populations of other great European states?

Question 23

How was a world market created in the nineteenth century? Discuss innovations in finance, industry, and trade.

Question 24

Describe the developments in the European economy at the end of the nineteenth century, examining in particular the "new Industrial Revolution." Which countries dominated the economy in the second phase of the Industrial Revolution and how?

Question 25

Focusing on the years 1870 to 1914, describe what gave the French Third Republic the strength to survive despite a number of severe crises.

Question 26

How and why did labor emerge as an independent political force in Britain?

Question 27

Discuss Bismarck's administration of the German Empire from 1871 to 1890. What were his goals?

Question 28

Where did Europeans build up "European" societies elsewhere in the world?

Question 29

Where did the British, French, and Germans invest their capital overseas?

Question 30

What did Europeans gain from investing abroad?

Question 31

What was the European family pattern? How did the population of Europe stabilize in the nineteenth century?

Question 32

In the nineteenth century, where was capital accumulated? To which parts of the globe was it exported?

Question 33

Why was the limited liability corporation considered an important economic advance during the nineteenth century?

Question 34

What was the Dreyfus Affair? How did it split France?

Question 35

How did Gladstone approach the Irish question?

Question 36

How did democracy advance in Europe during the nineteenth century?