Deck 7: Urinary System

Question 1

The kidneys are located
1)in the retroperitoneal cavity.
2)between T-12 and L-3.
3)anterior to the spleen.

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Answer 1

1 and 2 only

Question 2

A congenital, familial kidney disorder that may be classified as either autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant is

A) renal agenesis.
B) polycystic kidney disease.
C) crossed ectopy.
D) medullary sponge kidney.

Answer 2

polycystic kidney disease.

Question 3

A congenital dilatation of the renal tubules leading to urinary stasis and increased levels of calcium phosphate is

A) renal agenesis.
B) polycystic kidney disease.
C) crossed ectopy.
D) medullary sponge kidney.

Answer 3

medullary sponge kidney.

Question 4

In an adult, the ureters are normally approximately _____ inches long.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20

Question 5

What type of catheter connects the renal pelvis to the outside of the body?

A) Nephrostomy tube
B) Ureteral stent
C) Foley catheter
D) Suprapubic catheter

Question 6

Which anatomic structures are located in the hilum of the kidney?
1)Renal artery
2)Renal vein
3)Nerve plexus

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 7

Which of the following predisposing conditions may increase the risk of an adverse reaction to an iodinated contrast agent?
1)Dehydration
2)Heart disease
3)Asthma

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 8

An obstructive disorder of the urinary system that causes dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces with urine is

A) glomerulonephritis.
B) hydronephrosis.
C) hematuria.
D) nephrosclerosis.

Question 9

The American College of Radiology's imaging modality of choice for a patient presenting with an acute onset of flank pain or other symptoms that suggest the presence of renal calculi is

A) CT stone study.
B) abdominal CT with and without contrast.
C) abdominal MR with and without contrast.
D) renal sonogram.

Question 10

Inflammation of the bladder is termed

A) cystitis.
B) nephritis.
C) glomerulitis.
D) diverticulitis.

Question 11

What is the modality of choice for evaluating individuals after kidney transplantation?

A) CT
B) MRI
C) Sonography
D) FDG-PET

Question 12

Which of the following microorganisms are generally involved in pyelonephritis?
1)E.Coli
2)Proteus
3)Staphylococcus

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 13

Which laboratory test is used to determine the urinary system's ability to break down nitrogenous compounds from proteins to produce urea nitrogen?

A) BUN
B) Serum creatinine
C) GFR
D) All of the above.

Question 14

Normally, the glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys should be _____ mL/min/1.73 m² or greater.

A) 30
B) 50
C) 75
D) 90

Question 15

Which of the following is highly recommended by the American College of Radiology in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension?

A) CTA of the kidneys
B) Abdominal CT with and without contrast
C) Abdominal MR with and without contrast
D) MRA of the kidneys

Question 16

The congenital absence of a kidney is termed

A) renal agenesis.
B) renal aplasia.
C) compensatory hypertrophy.
D) More than one of the above.

Question 17

Intermittent pain associated with the movement of renal calculi is termed

A) neurogenic bladder.
B) trabeculae.
C) renal colic.
D) pneumatic lithotripsy.

Question 18

A kidney located out of its normal position is termed

A) malrotation.
B) ectopic.
C) prolapsed.
D) cross fused.

Question 19

Serious adverse effects typically accompany the injection of urographic contrast agents are most common in elderly

A) black females.
B) white females.
C) black males.
D) white males.

Question 20

Which of the following is a waste product derived from a breakdown of a compound normally found in muscle tissue?

A) BUN
B) Serum creatinine
C) GFR
D) Urine

Question 21

Congenital anomalies of the urinary system are often evaluated in the fetus using which of the following modalities?

A) CT
B) MRI
C) Radiography
D) Sonography

Question 22

Kidney function is generally unimpaired with a horseshoe kidney.

Question 23

Renal cell carcinoma is a type of

A) adenocarcinoma.
B) sarcoma.
C) epithelioma.
D) glioma.

Question 24

Bladder cancer may be treated with which of the following procedures?
1)Cryoablation
2)Radiofrequency ablation
3)Total cystectomy

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 25

The retention of urea in the blood is termed pyuria.

Question 26

Renal cell carcinoma often metastasizes to the chest, so often a chest radiograph is recommended.

Question 27

The cure rate for Stage I-III Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)is 95%.

Question 28

Vesicoureteral reflux is the backward flow of urine out of the bladder and into the urethra.

Question 29

Which of the following examinations are recommended for staging and follow-up of renal cell carcinoma by The American College of Radiology?
1)Abdominal CT with and without contrast
2)Abdominal MRI with and without contrast
3)Renal ultrasound

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3

Question 30

It is estimated that more than half of people at age 50 have renal cysts.