Deck 19: The Nervous System

Question 1

Which explanation describes a characteristic of an axon?

A) A junction or space between one neuron and dendrites of the next
B) Allows nerve impulses to cross the synapse and reach the dendrites
C) Carries impulses away from the neuron cell body
D) Short, often highly branched, extensions of the cell body.

Answer 1

Carries impulses away from the neuron cell body

Question 2

Which explain the sensory neuron? Select all that apply.

A) Receives and transmits messages to the central nervous system from all parts of the body.
B) Receives and transmits messages from the central nervous system to muscle and glands in all parts of the body.
C) Usually has long dendrites and a short axon.
D) Usually has short dendrites and a long axon.
E) Messages include factors like blood pH.

Answer 2

Receives and transmits messages to the central nervous system from all parts of the body.
Usually has long dendrites and a short axon.
Messages include factors like blood pH.

Question 3

What body function is dependent upon effective motor neuron function?

A) Hearing a loud blast
B) Release of urine from the bladder
C) Feeling pressure on your hand
D) Identifying the amount of insulin in the blood

Answer 3

Identifying the amount of insulin in the blood

Question 4

Which statement correctly describes the primary functions of one of the brain's cerebral lobes?

A) Frontal lobe is responsible for speech and some sensory input.
B) Parietal lobe is responsible for lower mental processes.
C) Temporal lobe is responsible for smell, hearing, and some memory.
D) Occipital lobe is responsible for higher mental processes.

Question 5

What is the function of the occipital lobe of the brain?

A) Speech and some sensory input
B) Lower mental processes
C) Smell, hearing, and some memory
D) Vision

Question 6

What is the function of the cerebellum?

A) Regulates body temperature
B) Regulates sleep wake cycle
C) Influences release of hormones from the pituitary
D) Responsible for muscle control

Question 7

What is the hippocampus' role in maintaining the client's physiologic adaptation?

A) Maintaining a person's level of awareness
B) Learning and long-term memory
C) Allowing sensory input to enter the cerebral cortex
D) Governing wakefulness and sleep

Question 8

What are the reticular formation's roles in maintaining physiologic adaptation? Select all that apply.

A) Largely responsible for maintaining a person's level of awareness
B) Functions in learning new information
C) Allowing sensory input to enter the cerebral cortex
D) Governs wakefulness and sleep
E) Responsible for long-term memory

Question 9

A client has had a left-sided stroke causing damage to the Broca's area of the cerebrum. Which aspects of speech and language can the nurse anticipate being affected?

A) Ability to comprehend written language.
B) Ability to comprehend spoken language.
C) Ability to speak clearly.
D) Ability to write clearly

Question 10

What are the functions of the pons that the nurse should incorporate into the client's teaching about the brain stem? Select all that apply.

A) It is the reflex center of the brain
B) It carries messages between the cerebrum and medulla
C) It is responsible for respiration
D) It is the center heart rate
E) It controls vasomotor tone

Question 11

What function of the medulla should the nurse incorporate into the client's teaching about the brain stem?

A) Reflex center
B) Carries messages between the cerebrum and medulla
C) Responsible for respiration
D) Centers for vital body functions, such as heart rate, vasomotor tone, and respirations

Question 12

What information accurately relates to the pia mater? Select all that apply.

A) It is a tough fibrous covering that adheres to the bones of the skull
B) It is the middle layer of a delicate web of tissue
C) It lies closely over the brain and spinal cord
D) It contains bring nutrients to the nervous tissue
E) It is very vascular

Question 13

A nurse is taking care of a client who has sustained head trauma as a result of a motor vehicle accident. The nurse notices fluid leaking from the nose and ears. For what should this fluid be immediately tested?

A) Sodium
B) Calcium
C) Glucose
D) Potassium

Question 14

Which cranial nerve should the nurse test to assess if swallowing has been impacted from a stroke?

A) IX
B) X
C) XI
D) XII

Question 15

What alterations occur to a client's vital signs when the sympathetic nervous system is activated? Select all that apply.

A) Tachycardia is observed
B) Breathing rate remains at normal baseline
C) Reflects changes to emotional and/or physical threats
D) They support the body's "fight-or-flight" response
E) Restores vital signs to pre-response levels

Question 16

Which statements describe actions associated with the resting potential of the nerve impulse? Select all that apply.

A) The phase where the nerve cell is at rest
B) Plasma membrane more positively charged on outside
C) Sodium moves from outside to inside the cell's membrane, followed by potassium
D) Plasma membrane more positively charged on inside
E) Potassium moves outside of the cell

Question 17

Which assessment finding would support that stimulation of the vagus nerve has occurred?

A) Dilation of the pupil
B) Decreased heart rate
C) Rhythmic breathing
D) Clenching of the jaw

Question 18

Which response is produced by the sympathetic division of the automatic nervous system (ANS)?

A) Maintenance of water reabsorption level
B) Involuntary defecation or urination
C) Restoration of blood flow to the skin
D) Resumption of digestive processes

Question 19

Which portion of the brain is responsible for maintaining long-term memory?

A) The cerebellum
B) The limbic system
C) The midbrain
D) The medulla

Question 20

A basketball player injured his shoulder during the game. The client is diagnosis with an injury to the cervical plexus. For which complication should the nurse monitor?

A) Temporary paralysis
B) Respiratory arrest
C) True dementia
D) Loss of equilibrium

Question 21

Which is a function of a neuron?

A) Connects the cerebral hemispheres
B) Responsible for movement and coordination
C) Responsible for long-term memory
D) Conducts messages within the neurologic system

Question 22

What would be the consequence of a transection of the spinal cord?

A) Permanent paralysis
B) Chronic headaches
C) Mental confusion
D) Loss of renal function