Deck 7: Understanding the Potential Dangers of Adverse Environmental Conditions

Question 1

Describe the psychrometer and its use in ensuring appropriate hydration of athletes.

Answer 1

Not Answer

Question 2

Discuss how heat illness can be prevented in a competitive training program.

Answer 2

Not Answer

Question 3

What individuals are more susceptible to heat illness?

Answer 3

Not Answer

Question 4

How can an individual prevent hypothermia?

Question 5

Explain the importance of wearing sunscreen, and list the recommendations for the use of sunscreen by athletes.

Question 6

Discuss the guidelines that should be followed during an electrical storm.

Question 7

What are the recommendations for fluid replacement?

Question 8

Describe a lightning detector, and discuss its use in ensuring the safety of athletes.

Question 9

Which of the following isNOT a type of heat loss by the body?

A) Conduction
B) Conversion
C) Evaporation
D) Radiation

Question 10

How does the body lose heat as a result of metabolism?

A) By conduction
B) By convection
C) By evaporation
D) By radiation

Question 11

Which of the following is the most effective means for the body to dissipate heat when the temperature and radiant heat of the environment are higher than the body temperature?

A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Evaporation
D) Radiation

Question 12

During warm weather, what percentage of body water loss is seldom replaced even though an athlete drinks fluids?

A) 10 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 35 percent
D) 50 percent

Question 13

What is the single most important step to avoid heat illness?

A) Be certain athletes are properly hydrated.
B) Identify susceptible athletes.
C) Eat a well-balanced diet.
D) Acclimatize the athletes to the environment.

Question 14

What is the heat disorder that is caused by prolonged sweating, diarrhea, and inadequate replacement of body fluid losses?

A) Heat cramps
B) Hypothermia
C) Heat stroke
D) Exertional heat exhaustion

Question 15

What condition is indicative of an absence of sweating with hot, flushed, dry skin?

A) Heat exhaustion
B) Exertional heat stroke
C) Heat cramps
D) Hypothermia

Question 16

When giving emergency treatment for a heatstroke victim, what is the most important directive?

A) Replacing the victim's fluids quickly
B) Lowering the victim's body temperature by use of cool sponges
C) Calling an ambulance
D) Lowering the victim's body temperature by immersing him or her in a tub of ice water and transporting the victim to a hospital via ambulance

Question 17

The optimal level of carbohydrate in a sports drink for quickest absorption and energy is _____.

A) 15 grams per 5 ounces of water
B) 20 grams per 10 ounces of water
C) 12 grams per 4 ounces of water
D) 14 grams per 8 ounces of water

Question 18

Which of the following conditions occurs because of a low concentration of sodium and too much fluid?

A) Hyperthermia
B) Muscle cramps
C) Heat syncope
D) Hyponatremia

Question 19

In the context of sports in cold weather, shivering ceases below a body temperature of _____.

A) 90°F to 95°F
B) 85°F to 90°F
C) 80°F to 85°F
D) 75°F to 80°F

Question 20

Deep frostbite is treated with gradual rewarming with hot drinks, heating pads, or hot water bottles that are _____.

A) 90°F to 99°F
B) 100°F to 110°F
C) 111°F to 116°F
D) 117°F to 125°F

Question 21

If you are out on the soccer practice field and you see lightning, what should you do?

A) Stop the activity and seek shelter.
B) Wait to see another bolt before leaving the field.
C) Once you see the bolt, listen for the thunder to understand how far the storm is from the field.
D) Crouch down on the field.

Question 22

When replenishing fluids with a glucose solution, what percentage of glucose and electrolytes is most useful?

A) 4 percent
B) 6 percent
C) 8 percent
D) 10 percent

Question 23

When a storm is near and a person's hair stands on end, the person should:

A) run to shelter immediately.
B) lie flat on the ground.
C) drop to the ground and assume a crouched position.
D) wait for lightning in the area.

Question 24

A typical white cotton T-shirt provides how much SPF?

A) 5
B) 15
C) 10
D) 20

Question 25

How many minutes before exposure of the sun should sunscreen be applied?

A) 5-10
B) 15-30
C) 10-20
D) 25-40

Question 26

Which of the following conditions is caused by peripheral vasodilation of the superficial vessels, hypotension, or a pooling of blood in the extremities and results in dizziness, fainting, and nausea?

A) Heat cramps
B) Heat exhaustion
C) Heat syncope
D) Heat stroke

Question 27

Which of the following is anINCORRECT description of frostnip?

A) Peeling or blisters may occur in 24-72 hours.
B) Skin tissue may become gangrenous.
C) Frostnip involves the ears, nose, cheeks, fingers, and toes.
D) Skin appears very firm, with cold, painless areas.

Question 28

An individual is experiencing a progressively worsening headache, nausea, vomiting, and swelling in the hands and feet. Which of the following conditions is the individual suffering from?

A) Hyperthermia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypothermia
D) Hypernatremia

Question 29

What is a psychrometer used to determine?

A) Windchill
B) Level of dehydration
C) Heat index
D) Humidity

Question 30

In a digital psychrometer, the dry bulb thermometer measures ambient air temperature and the wet bulb measures the temperature when water evaporates.

Question 31

Body temperature regulation results almost entirely through cutaneous cooling from radiation.

Question 32

When a person's temperature reaches 104°F, the chances of survival decrease dramatically.

Question 33

Overweight individuals with a large muscle mass experience greater heat production than underweight individuals and are therefore more susceptible to heat illness.

Question 34

Women are more physiologically efficient in body temperature regulation than are men.

Question 35

Heat exhaustion is caused by the sudden onset of thermoregulatory failure, which can lead to death if untreated.

Question 36

In case of an exertional heatstroke, the replacement of fluids is a critical step in initial first aid.

Question 37

Oral and tympanic membrane thermometers are the most accurate indicators of core body temperature.

Question 38

Death is imminent if the core body temperature rises to 107°F or drops to between 77°F and 85°F.

Question 39

There is a need for fluid replacement only in a hot environment.

Question 40

In hot and cold weather, an athlete should maintain a body temperature ideal for competition to avoid the likelihood of injury.

Question 41

The most common malignant tumor found in humans is skin cancer.

Question 42

An individual suffering from heat cramps should ingest large quantities of fluid and sodium as well as begin some gentle stretching.

Question 43

Ideally, fluid replacement should match sweat loss.

Question 44

Warm drinks empty more rapidly from the stomach than colder ones.

Question 45

A cotton T-shirt provides the same amount of protection from the sun as a sunscreen with SPF 15.

Question 46

An athlete who has lost 3-5% of his/her body weight should not be allowed to participate because of reduced blood volume.

Question 47

An individual suffering from hyponatremia should be rehydrated quickly and transported to a medical facility if the condition is not improving.