Deck 19: The Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand

Question 1

Describe the special tests used in evaluation of the elbow.

Answer 1

Not Answer

Question 2

Describe the proper management of an elbow dislocation.

Answer 2

Not Answer

Question 3

How are overuse injuries in the elbow prevented?

Answer 3

Not Answer

Question 4

Discuss the care for a wrist sprain.

Question 5

Discuss the problems and complications that can be associated with a scaphoid fracture.

Question 6

Which of the following is the primary elbow flexor?

A) The procerus
B) The triceps brachii
C) The brachialis
D) The biceps brachii

Question 7

Which nerve can become dislocated because of cubitus valgus of the elbow?

A) Median
B) Musculocutaneous
C) Radial
D) Ulnar

Question 8

In the context of elbow movements, _____ occur at the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints.

A) pronation and supination
B) flexion and extension
C) pronation and flexion
D) supination and extension

Question 9

Which of the following mechanisms leads to lateral epicondylitis?

A) Repeated trauma to the olecranon
B) Chronic fatigue of the biceps
C) Repetitive forceful extension of the wrist
D) Repeated forceful flexion of the elbow

Question 10

An adolescent athlete who complains of sudden pain and locking of the elbow joint should be suspected to be suffering from:

A) epicondylitis.
B) olecranon bursitis.
C) supracondylar fracture of humerus.
D) osteochondritis dissecans.

Question 11

Which structure is most likely damaged when an athlete complains of paresthesia in the fourth and fifth fingers?

A) The flexor digiti minimi
B) The interosseus muscle
C) The median nerve
D) The ulnar nerve

Question 12

Which of the following is true of a Colles' fracture?

A) It involves the distal end of the radius.
B) It is caused by a fall that forces the forearm forward.
C) It primarily harms the ligamentous tissue.
D) It results from an inflammation of tendons.

Question 13

Which side of the forearm receives the most frequent impact, therefore the most bruising?

A) The radial side
B) The anterior side
C) The ulnar side
D) The posterior side

Question 14

What type of fracture results from the radius being forced backward and upward (hyperextension)?

A) Bowler's fracture
B) A Colles' fracture
C) De Quervain's fracture
D) Smith's fracture

Question 15

Which of the following is true of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A) It commonly occurs from contact when holding a sports implement such as a baseball bat.
B) It is considered by many to be either a herniation of the joint capsule or a cystic structure.
C) It is associated with weakness in the movement of the ring finger.
D) It results from an inflammation of the tendons and leads to compression of the median nerve.

Question 16

Forearm splints are seen most frequently in:

A) football.
B) volleyball.
C) gymnastics.
D) baseball.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the volar plate?

A) It is a thickened capsule on the palmar surface of an interphalangeal joint.
B) It is a ligamentous structure on the medial aspect of an interphalangeal joint.
C) It is a thickened capsule on the dorsal surface of an interphalangeal joint.
D) It is a ligamentous structure on the lateral aspect of an interphalangeal joint.

Question 18

A wrist ganglion is often seen in sports and will most frequently appear:

A) over the navicular bone.
B) on the back of the wrist.
C) on the palmar side of the wrist.
D) at the ligamentous point on the wrist.

Question 19

Severe point tenderness in the anatomic snuffbox may indicate a:

A) hamate fracture.
B) boxer's fracture.
C) scaphoid fracture.
D) phalanx fracture.

Question 20

Which of the following treatments would be inappropriate to perform on a suspected phalanx fracture?

A) Application of ice after the injury has been splinted
B) Splinting the finger in extension
C) Splinting the finger in flexion
D) Referral to a physician

Question 21

A deformity caused by jamming and avulsing the extensor ten­don from its insertion is called the:

A) gamekeeper's finger.
B) mallet finger.
C) jersey finger.
D) boutonniere deformity.

Question 22

To ensure the most complete healing of a boutonniere deformity, splinting must be maintained for:

A) 1-2 weeks.
B) 3-5 weeks.
C) 5-8 weeks.
D) 8-11 weeks.

Question 23

Which of the following is the most fre­quently fractured carpal bone?

A) The hamate bone
B) The scaphoid bone
C) The frontal bone
D) The occipital bone

Question 24

Which of the following results from a rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon?

A) Jersey finger
B) Boutonniere deformity
C) Mallet finger
D) Gamekeeper's thumb

Question 25

What motions occur at the radioulnar joint?

A) Flexion and extension
B) Pronation and supination
C) Radial and ulnar deviation
D) Inversion and eversion

Question 26

Which of the following muscles attach to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?

A) Forearm extensors and pronators
B) Wrist flexors and supinators
C) Forearm extensors and supinators
D) Wrist flexors and pronators

Question 27

Children and young athletes have a higher rate of elbow fracture than do adults.

Question 28

An injury to the ulnar nerve usually results in paresthesia to the second and third fingers.

Question 29

Conservative management of moderate-severe medial epicondylitis usually includes use of rest, cryotherapy, or heat through the application of ultrasound.

Question 30

Compression of the median nerve usually results in both sensory and motor deficits.

Question 31

The triceps bursa is the most frequently injured and at a greater risk for direct trauma because it is so superficial.

Question 32

Hyperextension forces usually cause sprains to the elbow.

Question 33

Pitcher's elbow, golfer's elbow, and little league elbow refer to lateral epicondylitis.

Question 34

In medial epicondylitis, passive movement of the wrist seldom elicits pain, although active movement does.

Question 35

The radius, considered an extension of the hand, is thicker at its lower end than at its upper end.

Question 36

A Colles' fracture is a fracture of the proximal end of the radius.

Question 37

The main symptom of forearm splints is a dull ache between the extensor muscles crossing the back of the forearm.

Question 38

The most commonly fractured carpal bone is the hamate.

Question 39

When blood accumulates under the nail, it should be iced and the athlete should be sent to a physician immediately.

Question 40

A sprain is the most common wrist injury in sports and often the worst managed.

Question 41

A dislocated finger is of little concern because of the ability of the fingers to heal.

Question 42

A ganglion is considered by many to be either a herniation of the joint capsule, of the synovial sheath of a tendon, or a cystic structure.

Question 43

The radial nerve is compressed in an individual who has carpal tunnel syndrome.

Question 44

A mallet finger is caused by a blow from a thrown ball that strikes the tip of the finger, jamming and avulsing the extensor ten­don from its insertion along with a piece of bone.

Question 45

A properly functioning thumb is necessary for hand dexterity; therefore, any injury to the thumb should be considered serious.

Question 46

Dislocations of the phalanges frequently occur in sports and are usually caused by a blow to the tip of the finger by a ball.

Question 47

Care of a collateral sprain includes ice packs for the acute stage, X-ray examination, and splinting.

Question 48

Gamekeeper's thumb involves a forceful abduction of the proximal phalanx, which is occasionally combined with hyperextension.