Question 1

Which of the following statements about resonance structures is true?&#10;A) Resonance structures have the same placement of atoms but different arrangement of electrons.&#10;B) Resonance structures have the same placement of electrons but different arrangement of atoms.&#10;C) Resonance structures have different placement of atoms and different arrangement of electrons.&#10;D) Resonance structures have the same placement of atoms and the same arrangement of electrons.

Accepted Answer

Resonance structures depict the same molecule with the same arrangement of atoms but differ in the distribution of electrons among the atoms. This concept is used to describe molecules that cannot be adequately represented by a single Lewis structure.

Question 2

Which is the correct Lewis structure for acetic acid (CH3CO2H)?  &#10;A) III&#10;B) I&#10;C) IV&#10;D) II

Accepted Answer

IV&#10;

Question 3

Which of the following statements correctly describes the typical number of bonds for carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen in most neutral organic molecules?&#10;A) Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds, nitrogen forms 3 covalent bonds, and oxygen forms 2 covalent bonds.&#10;B) Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds, nitrogen forms 5 covalent bonds, and oxygen forms 4 covalent bonds.&#10;C) Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds, nitrogen forms 5 covalent bonds, and oxygen forms 2 covalent bonds.&#10;D) Carbon forms 4 covalent bonds, nitrogen forms 2 covalent bonds, and oxygen forms 3 covalent bonds.

Accepted Answer

Carbon typically forms 4 covalent bonds due to its four valence electrons. Nitrogen, with five valence electrons, typically forms three covalent bonds to fill its valence shell. Oxygen, with six valence electrons, typically forms two covalent bonds.

Question 4

Which of the following molecules does not have a net dipole moment of zero?&#10;A) BF3&#10;B) CO2&#10;C) NH3&#10;D) CCl4

Accepted Answer

NH3 (ammonia) has a trigonal pyramidal shape due to the presence of a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom. This geometry does not allow for the dipole moments to cancel out, resulting in a molecule with a net dipole moment.

Question 5

Which atomic orbitals overlap to form the carbon-carbon s and p bonding molecular orbitals of ethylene, H2C=CH2?&#10;A) Csp3 + Csp3, and C2p + C2p&#10;B) Csp3 + Csp3, and Csp2 + Csp2&#10;C) Csp2 + Csp2, and C2p + C2p&#10;D) Csp2 + Csp2, and Csp2 + Csp2

Accepted Answer

In ethylene (H2C=CH2), the carbon atoms are sp2 hybridized. The sigma bond between the carbon atoms is formed by the overlap of sp2 orbitals, and the pi bond is formed by the side-to-side overlap of unhybridized 2p orbitals.

Question 6

Which of the following pair does not represent resonance structures?  &#10;A) IV&#10;B) II&#10;C) III&#10;D) I

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following pair does not...

Question 7

Which is not an acceptable Lewis structure for the anion CH2NCO-?  &#10;A) II&#10;B) III&#10;C) I&#10;D) IV

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is not an acceptable Lewis structure...

Question 8

What is the ground-state electronic configuration of a chlorine anion (Cl^-)? A) 1s², 2s², 2p⁶ B) 1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p⁵ C) 1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p⁴ D) 1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p⁶

Accepted Answer

The ground-state electronic configuration of a chlorine anion, which has gained an extra electron to achieve a full valence shell, is represented by option D. This configuration shows a filled 3p subshell with 6 electrons, reflecting the addition of one electron to the neutral chlorine atom's valence shell to form the anion.

Question 9

Which of the following compounds has an atom with more than eight valence electrons?&#10;A) H2CO3&#10;B) H2SO4&#10;C) HBr&#10;D) H2O

Accepted Answer

B) H2SO4 contains sulfur, which can have more than eight valence electrons due to its ability to utilize d-orbitals for bonding, leading to an expanded octet.

Question 10

Avobenzone is an active ingredient in some common sunscreens. Which of the following is the correct molecular formula for avobenzone? A) C₂₀H₂₄O₃ B) C₂₀H₂₂O₃ C) C₂₁H₂₃O₃ D) C₂₂O₂₄O₃

Accepted Answer

The answer of Avobenzone is an active ingredient in some...

Question 11

What is the hybridization for each of the indicated atoms in the following compound?  &#10;A) I = sp; II = sp2; III = sp3.&#10;B) I = sp2; II = sp2; III = sp3.&#10;C) I = sp2; II = sp3; III = sp3.&#10;D) I = sp2; II = sp2; III = sp2.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the hybridization for each of...

Question 12

Determine the geometry around the indicated atom in each species.  &#10;A) I = Trigonal planar; II = linear; III = tetrahedral; IV = trigonal planar&#10;B) I = Tetrahedral; II = trigonal planar; III = linear; IV = tetrahedral&#10;C) I = Linear; II = tetrahedral; III = trigonal planar; IV = tetrahedral&#10;D) I = Linear; II = tetrahedral; III = trigonal planar; IV = linear

Accepted Answer

The answer of Determine the geometry around the indicated atom...

Question 13

Which of the following statements about resonance structures is not true?&#10;A) Resonance structures differ only in the arrangement of electrons.&#10;B) There is no movement of electrons from one form to another.&#10;C) Resonance structures are not isomers.&#10;D) Resonance structures are in equilibrium with each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about resonance...

Deck 1: Acids, Bases, Structure and Bonding