Deck 13: Health Care and Illness: Physical and Mental

Question 1

An increase in life expectancy reflects reduced infant mortality and lower rates of _____.

Answer 1

infectious diseases

Question 2

The number of cases of a disease that exist at any specific time is referred to as its _____.

Answer 2

prevalence

Question 3

The number of new cases of an illness that occur during a particular period of time is referred to as _____.

Answer 3

incidence

Question 4

The study of factors that affect the incidence, prevalence, and distribution of illnesses is called _____.

Question 5

Diseases that are of long duration are called _____.

Question 6

Some chronic diseases are progressive, such as _____, while others are constant, such as _____.

Question 7

_____ diseases cause more deaths worldwide than heart disease and cancer combined.

Question 8

According to the World Health Organization (2016), _____ million people have died of AIDS since 1981, making it one of the most destructive illnesses in the history of humankind.

Question 9

A disorder in which an individual fails to distinguish between internal and external stimuli is called _____.

Question 10

A mental disorder involving anxiety that impairs functioning is called _____.

Question 11

An impairment in physiological functioning that results from the individual's emotional state is called _____.

Question 12

A psychosis that involves a thinking disorder, particularly hallucinations and fantasies, is called _____.

Question 13

A(n) _____ is defined as something that symbolizes disrepute or disgrace.

Question 14

When people in certain areas have less access to doctors than those in other areas, it is called _____ of doctors.

Question 15

The state of _____ has the highest concentration of doctors.

Question 16

The term _____ is used to describe inadequate care by the physician in the course of his or her treatment of a patient.

Question 17

_____ is defined as the prevalence of a specified illness in a specified area.

Question 18

The inadequate care of the mentally ill has been compounded by the _____ movement that began in the mid-1950s.

Question 19

The number of cases of a disease that exist at any specific time is referred to as its _____.

A) incidence
B) morbidity
C) prevalence
D) etiology

Question 20

The number of new cases of an illness that occur during a particular period of time is referred to as _____.

A) incidence
B) morbidity
C) prevalence
D) etiology

Question 21

The study of factors that affect the incidence, prevalence, and distribution of illness is called _____.

A) epidemiology
B) etiology
C) methodology
D) psychosis

Question 22

_____ refers to the average number of years a newborn can expect to live.

A) Life span
B) Longevity
C) Life expectancy
D) Etiology

Question 23

In 2010, the life expectancy of a person in the United States was _____.

A) 47.3
B) 54.1
C) 78.3
D) 81.1

Question 24

Diseases that are of long duration are called _____ diseases.

A) chronic
B) progressive
C) acute
D) infectious

Question 25

Some chronic diseases are progressive, such as _____, while others are constant, such as _____.

A) pneumonia; influenza
B) bronchitis; cancer
C) lung cancer; stroke
D) heart disease; polio
E) cerebral palsy; cystic fibrosis

Question 26

_____ and _____ are the leading cause of death in the United States.

A) Heart disease; cancer
B) Heart disease; accidents
C) Cancer; accidents
D) Alzheimer's disease; heart disease
E) Kidney disease; cancer

Question 27

_____ and _____ are the most common chronic diseases in the United States.

A) Lung cancer; stroke
B) Sinusitis; arthritis
C) Heart disease; cancer
D) Kidney stones; Lyme disease

Question 28

Which of the following diseases is caused by a tick bite?

A) toxic shock syndrome
B) acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
C) Lyme disease
D) Legionnaires' disease

Question 29

_____ diseases cause more deaths worldwide than heart disease and cancer combined.

A) Non-infectious
B) Infectious
C) Constant
D) Acute

Question 30

Which of the following statements is true about AIDS?

A) It is caused by a virus.
B) It attacks the white blood cells.
C) It causes the individual's immune system to stop functioning.
D) It causes the individual to fall prey to one infection after another.
E) All of these answers are correct.

Question 31

Women are 12 times as likely as men to be infected with HIV during _____.

A) heterosexual intercourse
B) homosexual relationships
C) intravenous drug use
D) transfusion

Question 32

The AIDS virus is spread primarily through _____ and _____.

A) infected drinking cups; syringes
B) toilet seats; needles
C) drinking cups; needles
D) sex with someone infected; sharing needles

Question 33

A disorder in which the individual fails to distinguish between internal and external stimuli is called _____.

A) neurosis
B) psychosis
C) psychosomatic disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 34

A mental disorder involving anxiety that impairs functioning is called _____.

A) neurosis
B) psychosis
C) psychosomatic disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 35

An impairment in physiological functioning that results from the individual's emotional state is called _____.

A) neurosis
B) psychosis
C) psychosomatic disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 36

A psychosis that involves a thinking disorder, particularly hallucinations and fantasies, is called _____.

A) neurosis
B) psychosis
C) psychosomatic disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 37

A disorder involving fluctuation between emotional extremes is called _____.

A) neurosis
B) psychosis
C) bipolar disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 38

Which of the following disorders is categorized as a psychosexual disorder?

A) depression
B) narcissism
C) kleptomania
D) paraphilia

Question 39

Bipolar disorder is an example of a(n) _____.

A) mood disorder
B) anxiety disorder
C) paranoid disorder
D) dissociative disorder

Question 40

Which of the following disorders is categorized as a personality disorder?

A) panic disorder
B) conduct disorder
C) depression
D) narcissism

Question 41

In the 1960s, _____-a movement to change the setting of treatment from the state mental hospital to the community-began.

A) transference
B) deinstitutionalization
C) the mental health movement
D) advocacy care
E) community care

Question 42

The term _____ is used to describe inadequate care caused by a physician in the course of his or her treatment of a patient.

A) "neurosis"
B) "psychosis"
C) "psychosomatic disorder"
D) "schizophrenia"
E) "iatrogenic"

Question 43

Michelle, who is suffering from schizophrenia, is under Dr. Johnson's treatment. His rationale behind treating her is "because Michelle is a woman, her symptoms show her to be hysterical." In the context of a psychiatric diagnosis influenced by stereotypical thinking, this illustrates the _____.

A) fallacy of circular reasoning
B) fallacy of appeal to prejudice
C) fallacy of non sequitur
D) fallacy of composition

Question 44

In a five-year study of patient safety in North Carolina hospitals, researchers found roughly _____ harmful incidents per 100 patients.

A) 0
B) 10
C) 20
D) 25

Question 45

Psychiatry can be best described as a _____.

A) very precise science
B) field of competing ideologies rather than a science of mental therapy
C) science of mental therapy
D) field with clear diagnostic categories

Question 46

The maldistribution of doctors means that _____.

A) some doctors are incompetent
B) many doctors are sick themselves
C) people in certain areas have less access to doctors than those in other areas
D) doctors refuse to make house calls

Question 47

The state of _____ has the highest concentration of doctors.

A) Massachusetts
B) Ohio
C) Idaho
D) New York

Question 48

The process by which an individual learns to participate in a group is called _____.

A) institutionalization
B) training
C) education
D) socialization

Question 49

A craving for unnatural substances, such as dirt or clay, is called _____.

A) pica
B) psychosis
C) carcinogenic
D) mental disease

Question 50

Myths that fuel the stigma of mental illness are a form of the _____, because they stigmatize current and past mental patients.

A) fallacy of personal attack
B) fallacy of circular reasoning
C) fallacy of appeal to prejudice
D) fallacy of misplaced concreteness

Question 51

With regard to physical health problems, those in the lower strata _____ than those in higher strata.

A) suffer less days of restricted activity due to illness
B) have higher rates of chronic illnesses such as asthma
C) are more likely to use health care services
D) are more likely to use preventive health measures such as vaccinations

Question 52

The cause of a disease is its _____.

A) symptomology
B) pathology
C) etiology
D) epidemiology

Question 53

Americans have a lower infant-mortality rate and higher life expectancy than those in many other developed nations.

Question 54

In 2002, scientists at the University of Illinois Medical Center created a cure for AIDS.

Question 55

In general, women have more problems with substance abuse and higher rates of antisocial personality disorder, whereas men have more anxiety disorders and depression.

Question 56

Patients with arthritis report a significantly lower quality of life than those without chronic disease.

Question 57

Contrary to the expectations and attitudes of many Americans, medicine is an inexact science.

Question 58

The number of cases of an illness that exist at any particular time is referred to as its prevalence.

Question 59

The number of new cases of an illness that occur during a particular period of time is referred to as prevalence.

Question 60

Life expectancy refers to the average number of years a newborn can expect to live.

Question 61

In general, women have lower rates of acute diseases, short-term disabilities, and nonfatal chronic diseases.

Question 62

Men have more injuries, more visual and hearing problems, and higher rates of life-threatening chronic diseases such as cancer and the major cardiovascular diseases.

Question 63

Psychosis is a mental disorder involving anxiety that impairs functioning.

Question 64

Neurosis is a disorder in which the individual fails to distinguish between internal and external stimuli.