Question 1

A conventional radiograph is the best modality for screening for:&#10;A) Metastatic tumors&#10;B) Subtle fractures&#10;C) Bone or joint abnormality&#10;D) Soft tissue lesions

Accepted Answer

Conventional radiography (X-rays) is particularly effective for visualizing bone or joint abnormalities, such as fractures, dislocations, and degenerative joint diseases, due to its high contrast resolution for dense structures like bone.

Question 2

&#34;Routine series&#34; of radiographs are ordered to:&#10;A) Complete the physical examination&#10;B) Provide the most visualization of the anatomy with the least number of radiographs&#10;C) Provide a baseline of a pathological condition prior to starting treatment&#10;D) Standardize data for future research

Accepted Answer

Routine series of radiographs are ordered to provide the most visualization of the anatomy with the least number of radiographs, ensuring efficient and effective diagnostic imaging.

Question 3

The following densities are correctly arranged in order of increasing radiodensity:&#10;A) Air, fat, water, bone&#10;B) Fat, air, water, bone.&#10;C) Air, water, fat, bone&#10;D) Bone, water, fat, air

Accepted Answer

The correct order of increasing radiodensity is air (least dense), fat, water, and bone (most dense). This sequence is based on the physical densities of these materials, with air being the least dense and bone being the most dense among the options provided.

Question 4

Why are two radiographs, made at right angles to each other, a standard of clinical practice?&#10;A) To account for any distortion on one radiograph&#10;B) To visualize three dimensions of the anatomy&#10;C) To scout for what advanced modality to order next&#10;D) To screen for additional pathological conditions

Accepted Answer

Taking radiographs at right angles to each other allows for visualization of the anatomy in three dimensions, providing a more comprehensive view of the area being examined.

Question 5

What does the philosophy ALARA mean?&#10;A) As low as reasonably achievable&#10;B) As lucky as a radiologist can accomplish&#10;C) As low an amount of radioactivity absorbed&#10;D) A philosophy replaced by MPD (maximal permissible dose)

Accepted Answer

ALARA stands for "As Low As Reasonably Achievable." It is a safety principle designed to minimize radiation doses and releases of radioactive materials by employing all reasonable methods.

Question 6

Contrast media is used in radiography to:&#10;A) Outline the position of metallic hardware&#10;B) Provide protection from radiation to sensitive tissues&#10;C) Determine if a pathological condition is acute or chronic&#10;D) Allow visualization of soft tissues not evident on conventional radiographs

Accepted Answer

Contrast media is used in radiography to enhance the visibility of internal structures that are otherwise difficult to see on conventional radiographs, such as soft tissues, by increasing the contrast between them and surrounding tissues.

Question 7

The most common projections in routine radiographic examination of the appendicular skeleton and spine are the:&#10;A) Superior and inferior&#10;B) Coronal, sagittal, and axial&#10;C) Cephalad and caudal&#10;D) Anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique

Accepted Answer

The most common projections in routine radiographic examination of the appendicular skeleton and spine are the anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique. These views provide comprehensive imaging of bones and joints from different angles, essential for accurate diagnosis.

Question 8

Accepted convention for viewing radiographs is to look at the image as if the patient were facing the viewer.

Accepted Answer

Radiographs are conventionally viewed as if the patient were facing the viewer, meaning the patient's right side appears on the viewer's left, and vice versa, to simulate a face-to-face encounter.

Question 9

Radiographic distortion is the difference between the actual object and its recorded image. Every radiograph will have a degree of size or shape distortion.

Accepted Answer

Radiographic distortion refers to the variation in the appearance of an object on its radiograph compared to its true shape or size, caused by factors such as the angle of projection, object-film alignment, and the distance between the object, the X-ray source, and the film. Every radiograph inherently has some degree of distortion due to these geometric factors.

Question 10

A major advantage of the bone scan is how sensitive it is to increased bone metabolism. A major disadvantage of the bone scan is:&#10;A) Lack of specificity to the pathological condition&#10;B) It can only show cortical bone, not cancellous bone&#10;C) It is unable to visualize the entire skeleton in one exam&#10;D) It can show only structural, not physiological, changes

Accepted Answer

Bone scans are highly sensitive but not specific to particular diseases, meaning they can detect increased bone activity but cannot distinguish well between different causes of that activity.

Deck 1: General Principles of Musculoskeletal Imaging