Deck 37: Flowering Plants: Nutrition

Question 1

One reason plants often do not survive indoors is because they lack adequate amounts of:

A) water
B) minerals
C) light
D) proper temperature
E) All of these could be true

Answer 1

All of these could be true

Question 2

In a forest you may observe that plants on the forest floor are not as vigorous as other plants; this would most likely be because:

A) They do not get adequate sunlight.
B) Water is limiting.
C) Their leaves are smaller and cannot capture as much light.
D) They are competing for minerals from other plants.
E) They are more affected by gravity than taller plants.

Answer 2

They do not get adequate sunlight.

Question 3

One reason certain plants grow well as houseplants is because they may be adapted to:

A) dry growing conditions
B) areas that normally lack direct sunlight
C) areas that get very little mineral content in the soils
D) growing short branches
E) lack of temperature changes

Answer 3

areas that normally lack direct sunlight

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of shade leaves on a plant?

A) more chlorophyll production
B) less mesophyll tissue
C) more air spaces
D) lacking an epidermal layer
E) lacking mesophyll tissue

Question 5

Harmful amounts of ________ may be absorbed by the leaf cuticle as well as by carotenoids and flavonoids.

A) carbon dioxide
B) blue and red light waves
C) chlorophyll
D) xanthophylls
E) UV radiation

Question 6

Most plant dry mass originates from:

A) oxygen
B) chlorophyll
C) carbon dioxide
D) water
E) soil minerals

Question 7

Plants that are called C4 plants are better able to utilize ________ than C3 plants.

A) oxygen
B) minerals
C) water
D) carbon dioxide
E) chlorophyll

Question 8

One of the considerations scientists have when breeding for certain characteristics in cultivated crops such as rice or corn is to look for:

A) wild type genes
B) plant adaptations to certain environmental conditions
C) plants that generally grow where other plants cannot grow
D) plants that are stressed
E) plants that have good characters for leaf adaptations

Question 9

Fertilizers are essentially made up of:

A) mostly organic matter
B) different types of soil
C) deficiency amendments
D) minerals
E) plant foods

Question 10

Erosion of soils is of major concern throughout the world and happens mostly because of what factor?

A) Soils are exposed and not covered by plants.
B) heavy rainfall
C) Soils are exposed to winds.
D) Soils are not kept fertilized.
E) Soils are frequently flooded.

Question 11

Soils are composed mostly of which of the following?

A) layers of many decaying elements
B) fertilizers and other organic materials
C) horse and cow manure
D) layers of material mostly from rocks
E) inorganic minerals and organic materials

Question 12

Which of the following is the reason humus is important as a soil component?

A) helps plants maintain upright growth
B) keeps plants in place so they do not fall over
C) puts plants closer to water sources
D) helps plants by providing more water and minerals
E) allows roots to grow deeper to reach water below

Question 13

Soil nutrients that are leached from soils into ponds or other bodies of water can contribute to such phenomena as:

A) overproduction of water plants that could block waterways
B) excess growth of certain algae
C) loss of those nutrients for plant growth
D) reduced fertility of the soils
E) All of these could be true

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a part of the concept of organic farming?

A) use of organic fertilizers
B) use of growth regulators
C) nonuse of pesticides
D) nonuse of inorganic fertilizers
E) use of composted wastes

Question 15

One of the reasons study of nitrogen use in plants is of special interest is because:

A) Nitrogen is limited in our atmosphere.
B) Nitrogen in its atmospheric form is not useable by plants.
C) Nitrogen is often toxic to plants.
D) None of the forms of nitrogen are easily absorbed by plants.
E) Nitrogen is not an essential element for plant growth.

Question 16

One of the limiting factors in engineering plants for nitrogen fixation is to prevent the binding of ________ to the enzyme nitrogenase and the subsequent inhibition of the enzyme.

A) calcium
B) bacteria
C) oxygen
D) phosphorus
E) cell membranes

Question 17

Phosphorus may be abundant in soils but may also be in availability to the plant.

A) excessive
B) bound to nitrogen
C) limited
D) tightly bound
E) absorbed

Question 18

Plants generally must use which of the following methods of phosphorus uptake?

A) nonenergy transport
B) transport control by soil moisture
C) passive uptake
D) ATP proton cotransport
E) None of these are true

Question 19

One method plants use to obtain phosphorus when it is in limited supply is:

A) by roots adhering to soil particles
B) by roots growing deeper in the ground
C) by roots associating with certain fungi
D) by roots using passive uptake methods
E) by roots binding the phosphorus

Question 20

An example of a mineral known as a micronutrient that may be toxic to plants is:

A) aluminum
B) cadmium
C) chromium
D) lead
E) all of the choices

Question 21

Boron is a micronutrient that is needed by plants for:

A) active transport of other minerals
B) building membranes
C) production of amino acids
D) cross-linking polysaccharides in cell walls
E) cell wall development

Question 22

Mycorrhizal association with plant roots is best described as:

A) detrimental to the roots
B) only a temporary association dependent on water uptake
C) a symbiotic relationship between the plant and certain bacteria
D) a fungus root interrelationship
E) a kind of fungal parasite on plant roots

Question 23

Several micronutrients such as manganese and molybdenum are important as:

A) minerals used in plant membranes
B) minerals found mostly in cell walls
C) minerals that are cofactors in certain cell reactions
D) minerals that bond to macronutrients
E) minerals that are so small it is impossible to determine their role

Question 24

Xanthophyll is a pigment found in plants that helps protect the photosynthetic protein D 1 from:

A) water reactions
B) chlorophyll
C) damage by high temperatures
D) damage by excess light energy
E) membranes

Question 25

Since ________ binds CO₂ more readily than does rubisco, scientists would want to incorporate this compound into agricultural plants.

A) chlorophyll
B) a four-carbon organic acid
C) phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
D) cam photosynthesis
E) oxygen

Question 26

One reason organic farming is used is because in contrast to other farming methods certain inorganic fertilizers may be easily:

A) leached from soils
B) bound by soil particles
C) not useful as minerals at all
D) lack the essential minerals needed for plant growth
E) too high acid content

Question 27

The main forms of nitrogen taken up by plant roots and useful to plants is:

A) N-N
B) nitrite
C) nitrite and nitrate
D) ammonia and N-N
E) nitrate and ammonia

Question 28

Plants are unable to use nitrogen gas directly.

Question 29

Nitrate reductase is an enzyme that changes nitrogen gas into nitrate.

Question 30

When stomata are closed plants CANNOT absorb CO₂, therefore photosynthesis is limited.

Question 31

Nitrogen is especially important in plants for the formation of proteins.

Question 32

Certain fungi help make available minerals such as nitrogen.

Question 33

Several micronutrients such a manganese and molybdenum are important for helping enzymes function.

Question 34

The term macronutrients refers to the size of minerals such as nitrogen which is a macronutrient.

Question 35

One reason magnesium is important to plants is that it is part of the chlorophyll molecule.

Question 36

Aluminum is not an essential mineral for plants and therefore may cause toxicity.

Question 37

When a mycorrhizal fungus associates with the roots of a plant, the fungus usually causes harm to the plant.

Question 38

Inexpensive sources of phosphorus fertilizers are nearly exhausted.