Deck 1: An Introduction to Biology

Question 1

The simplest structure shared among all living organisms is the

A) gut.
B) cell.
C) photosynthetic chloroplast.
D) community.
E) nucleus.

Answer 1

cell.

Question 2

Which of the following is likely NOT a common feature shared among all living organisms?

A) All living organisms use energy.
B) All living organisms maintain organization.
C) All living organisms have evolved over the course of many generations.
D) All living organisms maintain some level of homeostasis.
E) All living organisms are composed of similar structures.

Answer 2

All living organisms are composed of similar structures.

Question 3

All living organisms respond and adjust to their environments. The process through which this occurs is called

A) photosynthesis.
B) metabolism.
C) adaptation.
D) growth and development.
E) genomics.

Answer 3

adaptation.

Question 4

The process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment in the face of a fluctuating external environment is called

A) metabolism.
B) cellular respiration.
C) growth and development.
D) homeostasis.
E) functional proteomics and genomics.

Question 5

Polypeptides (proteins) are composed of amino acids as ________ are composed of DNA.

A) genes
B) RNA
C) proteomes
D) lipids
E) metabolites

Question 6

We maintain a fairly constant body temperature despite exposures to different seasons or external temperatures. This is achieved through our capacity to

A) adapt to changing environments.
B) regulate body temperature.
C) maintain homeostasis.
D) All of these choices are correct.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 7

All of the chemical reactions used to break down nutrients and build up components within the body are collectively known as

A) anabolism.
B) catabolism.
C) metabolism.
D) proteolysis.
E) hydrolysis.

Question 8

Which level of organization is required for all others to form?

A) cell
B) tissue
C) organ
D) organism
E) population

Question 9

Which of the following is LEAST likely required for the digestion of a meal?

A) molecules
B) cells
C) tissues
D) organs
E) populations

Question 10

Which level of organization reflects an individual composed of multiple organ systems?

A) atom
B) cell
C) organ
D) organism
E) population

Question 11

Which of the following are components of molecules?

A) atoms
B) cells
C) organs
D) organisms
E) populations

Question 12

Many people at a wedding ceremony represent which level of organization?

A) cell
B) organ
C) organism
D) population
E) ecosystem

Question 13

A variety of finch species within the Hawaiian Islands have acquired different types of beaks needed for utilizing specific food resources. The process by which these different species of finches came about is likely to have involved

A) natural selection.
B) evolution.
C) an accumulation of harmful genetic mutations.
D) both natural selection and evolution.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following is True of a genetic mutation?

A) It always produces harmful effects.
B) It never affects protein structure or function.
C) It is not a mechanism through which biological evolution occurs.
D) It happens quite frequently in a population.
E) It generally produces a change in the DNA sequence of a gene.

Question 15

New species evolve from pre-existing species by the accumulation of

A) metabolic events.
B) genetic mutations.
C) proteomes.
D) reproductive events.
E) developmental events.

Question 16

The grouping or classification of species is termed

A) eukaryotism.
B) prokaryotism.
C) genus.
D) kingdom.
E) taxonomy.

Question 17

Which Kingdom of organisms is most noted for its ability to carry out photosynthesis?

A) Animilia
B) Protista
C) Fungi
D) Plantae
E) Bacteria

Question 18

Biologists use nomenclature or the binomial to provide each species with a unique scientific name. Our species is called Homo sapiens. The first word refers to which taxonomical grouping?

A) Kingdom
B) Phylum
C) Order
D) Genus
E) Species

Question 19

Which of the following is generally more complex than the others?

A) Archaea
B) Bacteria
C) Prokarya
D) Eukarya
E) microorganisms

Question 20

A defining characteristic that distinguishes prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms is the lack of cell structure in one versus the other.

Question 21

The effects of a genetic mutation are always limited to simply a change in DNA sequence with little consequence on the proteins expressed.

Question 22

This question refers to the 5-stage process of hypothesis testing. What is the appropriate order of the stages when generating and testing a hypothesis?
(1) Experimentation is conducted to determine if the predictions are correct.
(2) The hypothesis is accepted or rejected.
(3) Observations are made regarding a natural phenomenon.
(4) The observations lead to a hypothesis that tries to explain the phenomenon. A useful hypothesis is one that is testable because it makes specific predictions.
(5) The data from the experiment is analyzed.

A) 1,2,3,4,5
B) 3,4,5,1,2
C) 1,3,4,2,5
D) 3,4,1,5,2
E) 3,4,2,1,5