Deck 15: Disordered Eating

Question 1

Disordered eating behaviors generally affect __________.

A) women between the ages of 30 and 45 years
B) women between the ages of 15 and 35 years
C) men between the ages of 30 and 45 years
D) men between the ages of 15 and 35 years

Answer 1

women between the ages of 15 and 35 years

Question 2

Which of the following is not a common risk factor for development of eating disorders in adolescent girls?

A) Preoccupation with a thin body image
B) Social pressure
C) Participation in team sports
D) Obsessive-compulsive personality

Answer 2

Participation in team sports

Question 3

A female model's body weight averages __________ below the national average for women.

A) 2 pounds
B) 23 pounds
C) 35 pounds
D) 40 pounds

Answer 3

23 pounds

Question 4

In reference to the prevalence of eating disorders among female athletes, coaches __________.

A) are always trained to counsel their athletes
B) are never supportive of their athletes
C) openly encourage vomiting and laxative use
D) often compound the problem

Question 5

A term used to describe the cluster of personality traits among athletes that are common to patients with clinical eating disorders.

A) Anorexia athletica
B) Anorexia nervosa
C) Bulimarexia
D) Athletic eating disorder

Question 6

Which of the following population(s) associate with a greater prevalence rates for men with eating disorders?

A) Male models and dancers
B) Male gymnasts
C) Contact sport athletes
D) Male swimmers

Question 7

Which of the following traits is not among those common to muscle dysmorphia and anorexia nervosa?

A) A history of depression and anxiety
B) Unrealistic shame about one's body
C) Compulsive weight lifting
D) Self-destructive behaviors

Question 8

For the exercise addict, one's sense of worth becomes inextricably tied to __________.

A) the volume of exercise accomplished
B) performing a wide variety of exercises
C) exercising at least 3 days per week
D) avoiding interpersonal relationships

Question 9

Which of the following is not among the four factors used to characterize anorexia nervosa?

A) Distortions of body image
B) A preoccupation with dieting and thinness
C) Excessive bouts of anaerobic exercise
D) Refusal to eat enough food to maintain a minimally normal body weight

Question 10

Treatment of anorexics often results in __________.

A) a disproportionate portion of the weight gain as abdominal fat
B) modest weight gain, with most of it being water weight
C) a disproportionate portion of the weight gain as fat within the buttocks and thigh area
D) weight gain to the point where obesity becomes a problem

Question 11

Characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by purging, laxative abuse, fasting, or extreme exercise and intense feelings of guilt or shame.

A) Anorexia athletica
B) Anorexia nervosa
C) Bulimarexia
D) Bulimia nervosa

Question 12

A large percentage of bulimics.

A) Are obese
B) Are genetically predisposed to be underweight
C) Are under the supervision of registered dieticians
D) Are under the clinical supervision of a physician

Question 13

The most obvious difference between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa is that bulimics __________.

A) are always in complete control
B) frequently binge on calorically dense food
C) have accurate body size perceptions
D) often starve themselves

Question 14

For bulimics, purging __________.

A) provides their only perceived way to regain control of their inability to stop eating voluntarily
B) represents an effective means of stress management
C) demonstrates that they are under complete control
D) allows them to avoid becoming anorexic

Question 15

In addition to binging and purging, bulimics also __________ at a higher rate than the general population.

A) lose more than 25% of their body weight
B) abuse alcohol and drugs
C) commit nonviolent crimes to get money for food
D) commit violent crimes to get money for food

Question 16

Characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating that often occur without subsequent purging or abusing laxatives to compensate for overeating.

A) Bulimia nervosa
B) Anorexia nervosa
C) Binge-eating disorder
D) Muscle dysmorphia

Question 17

The Adonis complex.

A) Profoundly affects the capacity to train and recover
B) Same as muscle dysmorphia
C) Results in muscle wasting
D) Enhances nutritional choices

Question 18

Successful treatment of eating disorders usually involves a team approach utilizing __________.

A) coaches, personal trainers, and teammates
B) coaches, personal trainers, and family members
C) coaches, teammates, and family members
D) psychotherapeutic, medical, nutritional, and family support

Question 19

Which of the following eating disorders associates with menstrual dysfunction?

A) Muscle dysmorphia
B) Binge-eating disorder
C) Bulimia nervosa
D) Anorexia nervosa

Question 20

The continuum of subclinical eating behaviors of athletes who fail to meet the criteria for a true eating disorder but who exhibit at least one unhealthy method of weight control.

A) Bulimia athletica
B) Athletica nervosa
C) Anorexia athletica
D) Amenorrhea athletica

Question 21

The two new eating disorder categories under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

A) Anorexia nervosa and unspecified eating disorders
B) Unspecified eating disorders and other specified eating disorders
C) Bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa
D) Persistent eating disorders and benign eating disorders

Question 22

Male __________ exhibit a relatively high incidence of bingeing behaviors.

A) hockey players
B) wrestlers
C) soccer players
D) football players

Question 23

Assesses eating behaviors.

A) FAT-26
B) EAT-26
C) SAT-26
D) Anorexia assessment test

Question 24

The greatest controversy exists about the prevalence of eating disorders among female __________.

A) endurance runners
B) ballet dancers
C) gymnasts
D) figure skaters

Question 25

Anorexia nervosa and muscle dysmorphia share the following traits.

A) History of depression and anxiety
B) Self-destructive behaviors and use of laxatives
C) Use of laxative, use of drugs
D) Low body weight, disruptions of menstrual cycle

Question 26

Which statement is true about anorexia nervosa?

A) Body weight increases above normal for age and stature.
B) Anorexics have a positive body image.
C) Compulsive exercise behaviors go hand-in-hand with anorexia nervosa.
D) Involves binge eating followed by purging.

Question 27

Physical ailments associated with anorexia nervosa do not include __________.

A) cardiac abnormalities
B) increased bone density
C) impaired kidney function
D) electrolyte disturbances

Question 28

Which statement is true about bulimia nervosa?

A) Characterized by extreme self-starvation
B) Prevalent in approximately 30% to 45% of all adolescents and adults in the general population
C) Includes binge eating of calorically dense foods
D) Most bulimics are extremely underweight

Question 29

Who is credited with the first medical description in 1689 of a wasting (anorectic) disease often associated with tuberculosis?

A) Ernest Charles Lasègue
B) Richard Morton
C) Claude Bernard
D) Sir William Gull

Question 30

Who is credited as the first person to "officially" use the term anorexia nervosa?

A) Ernest Charles Lasègue
B) Richard Morton
C) Claude Bernard
D) Sir William Gull

Question 31

Refers to the estimated population of people afflicted with an eating disorder at any given time.

A) Incidence
B) Prevalence
C) Morbidity
D) Mortality

Question 32

Consequences of anorexia for skin and hair.

A) Overly oily skin
B) Greenish skin tone
C) Excessive growth of nails
D) Languo

Question 33

Risk factors for disordered eating among athletes.

A) Pressure to optimize performance
B) High self-esteem
C) Adequate coping skills
D) Satisfaction with appearance

Question 34

Sixty-seven percent of athletes with an eating disorder dieted because of their __________ recommendation.

A) parent's
B) teacher's
C) coach's
D) friend's

Question 35

Characteristics of muscle dysmorphia among body builders.

A) Totally or mostly satisfied with their body
B) Report little or no control over compulsive weightlifting and dietary patterns
C) Spend more than 16 hours daily thinking about their muscularity
D) Only want to participate in activities in which they find satisfaction or joy

Question 36

If untreated, between 6% and 21% of anorectics die prematurely.

A) From kidney disease
B) From liver failure
C) From pneumonia
D) From heart disease

Question 37

A primary goal in the treatment of anorexia nervosa.

A) Weight gain
B) Control over emotions
C) Developing a realistic body image
D) Ending purging

Question 38

Warning signs of anorexia nervosa.

A) Cessation of menstrual cycle
B) Altered kidney function
C) Altered liver function
D) High anxiety

Question 39

Physical consequences of bulimia nervosa include which of the following?

A) Kidney failure
B) Cardiac arrhythmias
C) Liver damage
D) Scaring of lung tissue

Question 40

A feature that distinguishes binge-eating disorder (BED) from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

A) Show obsessive-compulsive tendencies
B) Are underweight
C) Are overweight
D) Are depressed

Question 41

Maintains that individuals with an existing eating disorder find reward by participating in aesthetic-type sports that emphasize an excessively lean appearance.

A) Thinness hypothesis
B) Athlete eater hypothesis
C) Sport and exercise hypothesis
D) Attraction to sport hypothesis

Question 42

Young women with anorexia nervosa.

A) Particularly vulnerable to osteoporotic fractures
B) Particularly vulnerable to arthritis
C) Particularly vulnerable to high blood calcium levels
D) Particularly vulnerable to rheumatoid arthritis

Question 43

Feelings of cleanliness, renewal, relaxation, mindlessness, and emotional numbness are common.

A) Bulimics after purging
B) Common among athletes who fast
C) Similar in bulimia and anorexia
D) Never present for bulimics

Question 44

Particularly effective in treating bulimia nervosa and focuses on teaching the patient to identify, monitor, and modify dysfunctional attitudes, core beliefs, and eating habits to lessen binges and "retrain" normal hunger and satiety responses.

A) Pharmacologic treatment
B) Interpersonal psychotherapy
C) Cognitive-behavioral therapy
D) Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 45

Helps those with eating disorders and their family to examine interpersonal relationships to positively affect problem areas.

A) Cognitive-behavioral therapy
B) Interpersonal psychotherapy
C) Pharmacologic treatment
D) Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 46

Which of the following is not a sign and symptom of muscle dysmorphia?

A) Person gives up important social, occupational, or recreational activities to maintain their exercise regimen
B) Person avoids situations in which their body is exposed to others, such as at a beach or swimming pool
C) Person stops exercising, dieting, and using supplements when they become aware of the adverse physical and psychological consequences of their behavior
D) Person experiences significant distress or impairment in important areas of life

Question 47

Rumination disorder.

A) Eating disorders that exist but are not diagnosed because the person does not accept a medical diagnosis as fact
B) Eating disorders that combine all of the criteria for anorexia and bulimia
C) Involves the regular throwing up (regurgitation) of food that occurs for a protracted time period of at least 1 month
D) Eating disorders that clinicians are not able to identify because the person is successful at concealing the signs and symptoms

Question 48

Pica.

A) Eating less than 250 kcals/day
B) Characterized by bloating/nausea/abdominal pain
C) Characterized by tooth decay and rotting of teeth
D) Involves eating substances not typically thought of as food

Question 49

Warning sign of OSFED.

A) Eating less than 250 kcals/day
B) Person must present with feeding or eating behaviors that cause clinically significant distress
C) Decay and rotting of teeth due to acid in vomit
D) Eating food with low nutritional value

Question 50

Warning sign of purging disorder.

A) Eating less than 250 kcals/day
B) Bloating/nausea/abdominal pain
C) Decay and rotting of teeth due to acid in vomit
D) Eating 5000-20,000 kcal/h

Question 51

Binge-eating disorder.

A) Eating less than 250 kcals/day
B) Bloating/nausea/abdominal pain
C) Decay and rotting of teeth due to acid in vomit
D) Eating 5000-20,000 kcal/h

Question 52

Serotonin (5HT) pathway.

A) Contributes to the modulation of a many behaviors common in persons with eating disorders
B) Responsible for bulimia
C) Serotonin interferes with normal cellular function
D) Same as the reverse-testosterone hypothesis

Question 53

Only about __________ of those with eating disorders are compulsive exercisers.

A) >85%
B) 50%
C) 25%
D) 10%

Question 54

Body weight as a distinguishing characteristics of binge-eating disorder.

A) Below normal (<85% of recommended weight)
B) Usually normal
C) Usually above normal
D) Below normal (<5% of recommended weight)

Question 55

Preoccupation with body weight and associated eating disorders among female gymnasts during college usually __________ after retirement from the sport.

A) gets worse
B) stays the same
C) stays the same for about 1 year and then gets worse
D) abates

Question 56

For the following data, female; age 19 years; body weight = 66.0 kg (145.5 lb.); %BF from hydrostatic weighing = 30.0%; optimal %BF = 25.0%, compute the persons optimal body weight (OPT).

A) 125 lbs
B) 130 lbs
C) 135 lbs
D) 150 lbs

Question 57

Formula to compute optimal body weight (OBW).

A) OBW = FFM × (1.00 - %BF)
B) OBW = FFM ÷ (1.00 - %BF)
C) OBW = (1.00 - %BF) ÷ FFM
D) OBW = FM - (1.00 - %BF)

Question 58

Disordered eating represents a temporary or mild change in eating behavior.

Question 59

Female athletes face a unique set of circumstances that make them particularly vulnerable to disordered eating behaviors.

Question 60

For many athletes, disordered eating patterns coincide with the competitive season and abate when the season ends.

Question 61

Anorexia nervosa is the only eating disorder in which there is a restriction in food intake.

Question 62

Compared with men, women with a weight problem exhibit greater binge eating during periods of negative emotions such as anxiety, frustration, depression, or anger.

Question 63

Disordered eating behaviors generally affect women and men between the ages 15 and 35 years.

Question 64

Eating disorders are not found among African American women.

Question 65

Disordered eating behaviors occur most frequently among female athletes in aesthetic sports such as ballet, body building, diving, figure skating, and gymnastics.

Question 66

Interpersonal psychotherapy focuses on teaching the patient to identify, monitor, and modify dysfunctional attitudes, core beliefs, and eating habits to lessen binges and "retrain" normal hunger and satiety responses.

Question 67

If left untreated, about 3% of diagnosed anorexics die prematurely from suicide, heart disease, or infections.

Question 68

Bulimia nervosa occurs far less frequently than anorexia nervosa.

Question 69

In contrast to anorexia nervosa, the majority of individuals with bulimia nervosa maintain a normal or above normal body weight.

Question 70

The majority of patients diagnosed with bulimia nervosa also meet the criteria for a major depressive disorder.

Question 71

Bulimics exhibit substance abuse behaviors far less frequently than individuals with anorexia nervosa.

Question 72

Several days of disordered eating behaviors probably have little effect on an athlete's ability to train and compete.

Question 73

Patients with anorexia nervosa generally maintain normal bone mineral density.

Question 74

No one best treatment currently exists for treating disordered eating behaviors.

Question 75

Persons with muscle dysmorphia have a pathologic preoccupation with muscle size and overall muscularity, and these individuals view themselves as small and frail, when in reality, many are large and muscular.

Question 76

For individuals with an eating disorder, the focus on food becomes a source of consistent stress and anxiety and requires professional intervention.

Question 77

People with anorexia nervosa chronically consume massive quantities of food and are typically overfat.

Question 78

Among 3000 middle-school children studied for body image and dietary practices, 55% of eighth-grade girls believed they were fat, and 50% had dieted.

Question 79

It is possible to perform a proper medical assessment of anorexia nervosa by measuring only weight, body mass index, and blood samples.

Question 80

Formal diagnostic criteria exist for the diagnosis of a person at risk for muscle dysmorphia.