Deck 14: Eclecticism, Industrialization, and Newness

Question 1

The West Mill in Belper was distinctive for its:

A) flexible plan made possible by a grid of interior iron columns.
B) rolled steel columns that resulted from English advances in metallurgy.
C) completely open plan made possible by great iron trusses.
D) glass facades made possible by steel window frames.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Answer 1

flexible plan made possible by a grid of interior iron columns.

Question 2

The Englishman who pioneered a method for producing cast iron using coal instead of expensive charcoal in his furnace was:

A) Abraham Darby.
B) Lancelot Brown.
C) Edmund Burke.
D) Thomas Telford.
E) Thomas Pritchard.

Answer 2

Abraham Darby.

Question 3

The author of Discourses on Architecture was:

A) Charles Barry.
B) Richard Upjohn.
C) A.W.N. Pugin.
D) Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Answer 3

Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc.

Question 4

The author of The True Principles of Pointed or Christian Architecture was:

A) Charles Barry.
B) Richard Upjohn.
C) A.W.N. Pugin.
D) Eugène-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 5

The first American to attend the Ecole des Beaux-Arts was:

A) Louis Sullivan.
B) Frank Lloyd Wright.
C) Richard Morris Hunt.
D) H.H. Richardson.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

In 1855, Richard Morris Hunt established an Ecole-modeled atelier in New York that was:

A) a distinctive French hotel.
B) a studio space where American students could come for architectural training.
C) an architectural firm run by American students from Ecole des Beaux-Arts.
D) an architectural workshop run by French students from Ecole des Beaux-Arts.
E) a mansion for European nobility.

Question 7

The site plan for the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago was prepared by:

A) D.H. Burnham.
B) Charles McKim.
C) Charles Atwood.
D) Frederick Law Olmsted.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 8

Charles McKim, William Rutherford Mead, and Stanford White based their design for New York City's Pennsylvania Station on:

A) St. Pancras Station in London.
B) Grand Central Station in New York City.
C) ancient Roman baths.
D) the ancient Roman Basilica of Constantine.
E) the Gothic forms in Rome.

Question 9

The suspension cables for the Brooklyn Bridge were:

A) designed by John Augustus Roebling but found to be undersized and were therefore redesigned by his son.
B) woven by a spiderlike machine that passed repeatedly from bank to bank.
C) brought down the East River by barge and raised up by huge cranes.
D) made by joining ten-foot modules with a connector patented by the Roeblings, father and son.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 10

Joseph Paxton, who designed the Crystal Palace in London, was trained as:

A) a singer.
B) an iron forger.
C) a glassmaker.
D) an architect of factories.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 11

The Eiffel Tower was built:

A) by the Perret brothers' construction company.
B) for the Paris International Exposition of 1889.
C) as a radio tower.
D) by the French as an answer to the notoriety of England's Crystal Palace.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 12

The external skin of the Reliance Building in Chicago consists of:

A) a glazed cast-iron-grid attached to steel columns and beams.
B) cast-concrete panels infilled with glass and bolted to an iron frame.
C) glass and stone supporting themselves, with floors supported by steel columns.
D) glass and terracotta clipped onto an internal steel skeleton.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 13

To design his Red House, William Morris chose:

A) Phillip Webb.
B) Richard Norman Shaw.
C) John Wellborn Root.
D) C.F.A. Voysey.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

Richard Norman Shaw based his design for Leyswood on:

A) William Morris's Red House.
B) the works he found in the sketchbook of Robert Smythson.
C) Victorian Gothic buildings.
D) the structures in Shakespeare's Stratford-on-Avon.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 15

Charles Francis Annesley Voysey was strongly influenced by:

A) the work of Robert Smythson.
B) Neo-Medievalism.
C) the Arts and Crafts Movement.
D) the designs found in Muthesius's The English House.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 16

All of the following names were given to the Art Nouveau EXCEPT:

A) Stile Liberty.
B) Stile Radicale.
C) Jugendstil.
D) Stile Floreale.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 17

Hector Guimard is best known for his designs for:

A) hotels in Paris.
B) Métro entrances in Paris.
C) theaters in Paris.
D) Métro stations in New York City.
E) chapels in New York City.

Question 18

In designing vaults for the Sagrada Familia, Antonio Gaudi experimented with:

A) models made by local ceramicists.
B) types illustrated in medieval sketchbooks but never before erected.
C) sandbags hung on ropes and covered with canvas.
D) a type of Portland cement concrete.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 19

All of the following were influences on Charles Rennie Mackintosh EXCEPT:

A) the Art Nouveau.
B) Scottish baronial architecture in Glasgow.
C) Celtic art.
D) Glasgow's wealth of medieval churches.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 20

Distinctive features of Charles Rennie Mackintosh's Hill House in Helensburgh include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) dark interior woodwork.
B) pebble-dash stucco.
C) vernacular turrets.
D) expressive chimneys.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 21

The house for Ernst Ludwig, who established an artists' colony in the suburb of Mathildenhöhe, was designed by:

A) Otto Wagner.
B) Joseph Hoffman.
C) Joseph Maria Olbrich.
D) Hermann Muthesius.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 22

The façade of Otto Wagner's Postal Savings Bank in Vienna is composed of:

A) marble veneer attached by means of aluminum-capped bolts.
B) pebble-dash stucco struck to look like stone.
C) aluminum panels attached with marble dowels.
D) concrete cast in detailed wooden forms to produce an intricate geometric pattern.
E) terracotta and glass clipped onto an internal steel skeleton.

Question 23

The ceiling of the Postal Savings Bank's banking room is:

A) an aluminum-panel vault.
B) a glass-vaulted one with cables hung from aluminum masts.
C) a marble-veneer vault with bands of glazing.
D) an early example of exposed, poured-in-place concrete.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 24

Joseph Maria Olbrich covered the dome of the Secession Building with:

A) a snake motif symbolic of Medusa.
B) a triton motif symbolic of Neptune.
C) a laurel motif symbolic of Apollo.
D) an ivy motif symbolic of Minerva.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 25

H.H. Richardson obtained the commission for Trinity Church in Boston:

A) by winning a design competition.
B) when it was turned down by McKim, Mead, and White.
C) through connections he had made at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts.
D) because of his social standing in the city.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 26

All of the following men worked on interior ornamentation at Trinity Church EXCEPT:

A) John LaFarge.
B) Augustus Saint-Gaudens.
C) William Morris.
D) Edward Burne-Jones.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 27

The textural variety and massing irregularity of H.H. Richardson's Watts Sherman House in Newport, Rhode Island, anticipated:

A) the Second Empire styles of the 1860s and 1870s.
B) the Secession Building designed by Joseph Maria Olbrich.
C) the residential Queen Anne style of the 1880s and 1890s.
D) the Prairie style houses designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.
E) the rural houses designed by Charles Rennie Mackintosh.

Question 28

Louis Sullivan's design for the Auditorium Building in Chicago was influenced by:

A) his young assistant Frank Lloyd Wright.
B) McKim, Mead, and White's Boston Public Library.
C) Richardson's Marshall Field Wholesale Store.
D) his training at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 29

Louis Sullivan's essay on skyscraper design is titled:

A) Tower Building as Art.
B) The Chicago School and Its Ideas.
C) Form Follows Function.
D) The Tall Building Artistically Considered.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 30

One of the features of the Wainwright Building in St. Louis is that it has:

A) terracotta panels like those used on the Carson Pirie Scott Department Store.
B) ornate terracotta spandrels under each window.
C) terracotta panels designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.
D) cast-iron ornament designed by St. Louis artisans.
E) windows that have large fixed panes between operable sashes.

Question 31

The skyscraper-enclosure technique in which lightweight frames holding glazing are brought forward of the structural columns is called:

A) curtain-wall construction.
B) glazed-spandrel construction.
C) Chicago-wall construction.
D) Sullivan-wall construction.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 32

Chicago windows are windows that have:

A) single, large expanses of glazing.
B) large fixed panes between operable sashes.
C) glazing surrounded by ornamented terra cotta.
D) four large operable sashes.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 33

The first use of a curtain wall occurred at the:

A) Reliance Building in Chicago.
B) Hallidie Building in San Francisco.
C) Wainwright Building in St. Louis.
D) Empire State Building in New York City.
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 34

Discuss the features of architectural education at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris.

Question 35

Compare the architectural work of William Morris, Richard Norman Shaw, and C.F.A. Voysey.

Question 36

Discuss the features of Otto Wagner's Postal Savings Bank in Vienna on the basis of materials and methods of construction.

Question 37

Discuss the architectural features of the first skyscrapers in the United States.

Question 38

Discuss H.H. Richardson's manipulation of wall surfaces using both wood and masonry.