Question 1

Major health indicators related to disparities include&#10;A) Life expectancies&#10;B) Cancer&#10;C) Morbidity&#10;D) A & B

Accepted Answer

Life expectancies and cancer are both major health indicators related to disparities. Life expectancy can vary significantly across different socioeconomic groups, geographic locations, and among different racial or ethnic groups, often reflecting disparities in access to healthcare, environmental factors, and social determinants of health. Similarly, disparities in cancer incidence, treatment, and mortality rates can reflect differences in risk factors, access to preventive measures, and quality of care. Morbidity, while an important health indicator, is a broader term that encompasses the incidence of diseases in a population and does not specifically highlight disparities in the way that life expectancies and cancer do.

Question 2

African Infant mortality rates are&#10;A) The same as whites&#10;B) The same as Latinos&#10;C) The same as Asian Americans&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

Infant mortality rates among African populations are generally higher than those of whites, Latinos, and Asian Americans, indicating disparities in healthcare access, socioeconomic factors, and other determinants of health.

Question 3

Latino or Hispanic paradox refers to&#10;A) Lower mortality rates&#10;B) Higher mortality rates&#10;C) Poor health status&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The Latino or Hispanic paradox refers to the epidemiological finding that Hispanic and Latino Americans tend to have health outcomes that paradoxically are comparable to, or in some cases better than, those of their U.S. white counterparts, even though Hispanics have lower average income and education. Lower mortality rates are a key aspect of this paradox.

Question 4

American Indians and Alaskan natives are the&#10;A) Most disadvantaged for activity limitation due to a chronic condition&#10;B) Fastest growing group&#10;C) Lowest death rate from cancer&#10;D) Lowest in chronic liver disease

Accepted Answer

American Indians and Alaskan Natives are most disadvantaged for activity limitation due to a chronic condition. This group faces significant health disparities, including higher rates of chronic conditions that can lead to activity limitations.

Question 5

Behavior risk factors include&#10;A) Obesity&#10;B) Tobacco Use&#10;C) Alcohol use&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Behavior risk factors include obesity, tobacco use, and alcohol use, as they all contribute to various health issues.

Question 6

Socioeconomic status does not include&#10;A) Poverty&#10;B) Education&#10;C) Physical environment&#10;D) Occupation

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic status typically includes factors such as poverty, education, and occupation, which are directly related to an individual's position in the social hierarchy. Physical environment, while influential on an individual's quality of life, is not a direct component of socioeconomic status.

Question 7

Epidemiological investigation of the health effects of discrimination has used what approach&#10;A) Direct, individual&#10;B) Physical environmental&#10;C) Summary&#10;D) Common pathway

Accepted Answer

Epidemiological investigations into the health effects of discrimination often focus on the direct, individual experiences of discrimination and their impact on health outcomes. This approach allows researchers to assess how personal encounters with discrimination contribute to various health issues.

Question 8

_________ progress is has been made is addressing disparities in underserved populations&#10;A) Considerable&#10;B) No&#10;C) Very limited&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The phrase "very limited progress" suggests that some progress has been made, but it is minimal, which aligns with the context of addressing disparities in underserved populations.

Question 9

Racial and ethnic minorities have experienced the same gains in life expectancies as whites.

Accepted Answer

Racial and ethnic minorities, particularly in the United States, have historically experienced disparities in health outcomes compared to whites, including differences in life expectancies. These disparities are influenced by factors such as access to healthcare, socioeconomic status, and systemic racism.

Question 10

The longest average life expectancy is seen among Latino women.

Accepted Answer

Latino women in the United States have been reported to have a longer average life expectancy compared to other ethnic groups, including white and black populations. This phenomenon, often referred to as the "Latino health paradox," suggests that despite facing many socioeconomic disadvantages, Latinos (and particularly Latina women) tend to have better health outcomes in terms of longevity.

Question 11

Examining years of potential life lost from specific causes of death is another way of assessing health status.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Examining years of potential life lost from...

Question 12

Fewer healthy options related to both food selection and preparation in minority neighborhoods are referred to as food deserts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fewer healthy options related to both food...

Question 13

Socio-Environmental Influences refer to the physical surroundings influencing physical activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Socio-Environmental Influences refer to the physical surroundings...

Question 14

Income inequality is an important contributor to poor health.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Income inequality is an important contributor to...

Question 15

A common indicator of general health of a population is life expectancy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A common indicator of general health of...

Question 16

Cerebrovascular disease is the number one killer of Americans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cerebrovascular disease is the number one killer...

Question 17

Health status of minorities can only be changed through health policy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Health status of minorities can only be...

Deck 3: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Status