Question 1

The available body of scientific research literature is called:&#10;A) Primary source&#10;B) Evidence&#10;C) Secondary source&#10;D) Peer review

Accepted Answer

The available body of scientific research literature is referred to as "evidence" because it provides factual information and data that support or refute scientific theories and hypotheses.

Question 2

A source that contains information from previously published material and includes an interpretation of the material is called:&#10;A) Unfiltered source&#10;B) Evidence&#10;C) Filtered source&#10;D) Peer review

Accepted Answer

Filtered sources include information from previously published material and often provide an interpretation or analysis of that material, distinguishing them from primary or unfiltered sources.

Question 3

The process of evaluation of a journal article by experts in the field is called:&#10;A) Unfiltered source&#10;B) Evidence&#10;C) Filtered source&#10;D) Peer review

Accepted Answer

Peer review is the process where experts in the field evaluate the quality, relevance, and merit of research before it is published in a journal. This ensures the integrity and validity of the scientific literature.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is not true of peer review?&#10;A) The peer review process only takes a couple of weeks.&#10;B) Peer reviewers must meet certain requirements in order to be reviewers.&#10;C) Peer-reviewed journals may also be called refereed journals.&#10;D) The Physical Therapy Journal is a peer-reviewed journal.

Accepted Answer

The peer review process often takes longer than a couple of weeks due to the thorough evaluation required to ensure the quality and integrity of the research being published.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of textbooks?&#10;A) Textbooks are high in the hierarchy of evidence.&#10;B) Textbooks are always based on best evidence.&#10;C) Textbooks become outdated quickly.&#10;D) Textbooks can easily be updated with a new edition.

Accepted Answer

Textbooks can become outdated quickly because they may not reflect the most current research or developments in a field by the time they are published and distributed.

Question 6

An article that presents original research is called a:&#10;A) Narrative review&#10;B) Meta-analysis&#10;C) Clinical practice guideline&#10;D) Research report

Accepted Answer

A research report presents original research findings, detailing the methodology, results, and conclusions of a study.

Question 7

An author has written an article that provides an overview of therapy following total knee replacements. The author presents examples of original research to support the author's argument about the best type of therapy following total knee replacements. This type of article is called a:

A) Narrative review
B) Systematic review
C) Clinical practice guideline
D) Research report

Accepted Answer

A narrative review is characterized by the author's subjective selection and discussion of existing literature to provide an overview or argument about a particular topic, such as the best type of therapy following total knee replacements. Unlike systematic reviews or clinical practice guidelines, narrative reviews do not follow a strict methodology for literature selection and analysis.

Question 8

Clinical practice guidelines are typically developed by:&#10;A) An individual who is considered an expert&#10;B) The original investigator&#10;C) A panel of experts&#10;D) The federal government

Accepted Answer

Clinical practice guidelines are typically developed by a panel of experts who review the evidence and make recommendations based on their findings.

Question 9

A brief summary of evidence that includes commentary by the professional reviewing the study is called a(n):&#10;A) Study synopsis&#10;B) Research review synopsis&#10;C) Abstract&#10;D) Systematic review

Accepted Answer

A study synopsis provides a brief summary of evidence and can include commentary by the professional reviewing the study, distinguishing it from more specific or comprehensive review formats like systematic reviews.

Question 10

Which of the following is lowest on the hierarchy of evidence pyramid?&#10;A) Case report&#10;B) Randomized controlled trial&#10;C) Cohort study&#10;D) Narrative report (review)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is lowest on...

Question 11

Expert opinion and editorials are low on the hierarchy of evidence pyramid because:&#10;A) They are short&#10;B) They are subjective&#10;C) They are objective&#10;D) They follow stringent guidelines

Accepted Answer

The answer of Expert opinion and editorials are low on...

Question 12

The PEDro rating scale:&#10;A) Is commonly used in research reviews related to medicine&#10;B) Was developed in 2013&#10;C) Addresses items related to a study's quality&#10;D) Assigns a grade from 0 to 5

Accepted Answer

The answer of The PEDro rating scale:&#10;A) Is commonly used...

Deck 9: Locating the Evidence: Sources and Levels of Evidence