Deck 6: Correctional Institutions

Question 1

What percentage of convicted offenders in Canada are sentenced to a period of custody?

A) 5 percent
B) 15 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 35 percent

Answer 1

5 percent

Question 2

Inmates in a federal prison have unlimited freedom of movement throughout the day but are restricted to their living units at night. What is the security level of this institution?

A) open
B) medium
C) minimum
D) multilevel

Answer 2

minimum

Question 3

What are the three security levels in federal correctional facilities?

A) easy handling, middle security, and hard time
B) easy handling, medium security, and maximum security
C) minimum security, medium security, and maximum security
D) minimum security, middle security, and hard security

Answer 3

minimum security, medium security, and maximum security

Question 4

What federal correctional facility houses inmates who pose such a high risk to inmates and staff that they CANNOT be confined in maximum-security institutions?

A) high-risk facility
B) maximum-security institution
C) secure-level facility
D) special handling unit

Question 5

What are Correctional Service Canada healing lodges designed to provide?

A) culturally sensitive treatment programs for Indigenous offenders
B) areas and structures for Indigenous offenders to retreat to
C) motivation to participate in "sweat lodge" and "smudging ceremonies"
D) an area that is separate from the other members of the prison population

Question 6

What type of security is provided when correctional officers in a federal prison engage in conversation with inmates and provide assistance and services as a form of security?

A) static
B) dynamic
C) proactive
D) relational

Question 7

Which of the following is considered part of the "internal" environment of a correctional institution?

A) courts
B) vendors
C) civilian staff
D) community interest groups

Question 8

What does Erving Goffman define as "a place of residence and work where a large number of like-situated individuals, cut off from the wider society for an appreciable period of time, together lead an enclosed, formally administered round of life"?

A) living on the "green mile"
B) a total institution
C) "hard time"
D) maximum security

Question 9

What is a major benefit of modern correctional institutions using advanced technologies to control the inmate population?

A) more control with fewer staff
B) more freedom for the prisoners
C) reduced contact between the prisoners and staff
D) fewer riots and prison disturbances

Question 10

Two federal medium-security prisons are located one hour from one another and house the same number of inmates. Inmates housed in Prison A want to be transferred to Prison B where the dynamics of institutional life are less harsh. What concept does this scenario exemplify?

A) inmate subculture
B) institutional personality
C) living unit management model
D) continuum of correctional institutions

Question 11

As new arrivals are introduced to prison life, they are introduced into a system that has been called the "total institution." What is the implication of this system for inmates?

A) Inmates have substantial autonomy.
B) Inmates are subject to rigid scheduling.
C) Inmates exercise freedom of movement.
D) Inmates participate in decision-making processes.

Question 12

What management model is in place when inmates interact with some correctional officers who provide assistance, support, and programming, while other correctional officers staff gun towers and security posts?

A) the unit management model
B) the security management model
C) the fixed operational management model
D) the flexible operational management model

Question 13

Of all inmates in custody in Canada in 2014-15, what percentage were Indigenous offenders?

A) 12.4%
B) 20.3%
C) 24.6%
D) 28.2%

Question 14

What federal legislation provides that an independent chairperson from outside the institution (often a lawyer) is to preside over the disciplinary hearings involving serious allegations against an inmate?

A) Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
B) Convicted Offenders Control and Release Act
C) Corrections and Conditional Release Act
D) Fairness and Equity in Corrections Act

Question 15

What prison has been described as a "tinderbox," with overcrowding, a lack of programs, and understaffing; has witnessed a doubling of assaults, from 20 in 2014 to 40 in 2016; and has been called "a Victorian-era throwback that should be bulldozed"?

A) Her Majesty's Penitentiary in St. John's, Newfoundland
B) Kingston Penitentiary, Kingston, Ontario
C) Millhaven Penitentiary, Millhaven, Ontario
D) The Saskatchewan Federal Penitentiary, Prince Albert, Saskatchewan

Question 16

In Ontario prisons today, which offenders are most likely to have two or more severe mental health symptoms?

A) women and Indigenous people
B) street gang members
C) organized crime families
D) "lifers"

Question 17

Approximately what percentage of Canada's federal offender population is over the age of 50?

A) approximately 10%
B) approximately 30%
C) approximately 55%
D) approximately 70%

Question 18

According to estimates, how many federal inmates in Canada are affiliated with either a known gang or organized crime?

A) 1 in 2
B) 1 in 4
C) 1 in 6
D) 1 in 8

Question 19

How does the rate of HIV/AIDS infection among federal inmates compare with the rate in Canada's general population?

A) It is less than the rate in the Canadian general population.
B) It is about the same as the rate in the Canadian general population.
C) It is about three times the rate in the Canadian general population.
D) It is about fifteen times the rate in the Canadian general population.

Question 20

In correctional systems, what strategies promote the use of dental dams, bleach kits, and tattoo parlours?

A) proactive strategies
B) prevention strategies
C) responsive strategies
D) educational strategies

Question 21

What does research evidence reveal about the effectiveness of Intensive Support Units (ISUs) in federal correctional facilities?

A) ISUs have strong support among inmates and staff.
B) ISUs have lower rates of institutional misconduct.
C) Inmates who resided in ISUs have lower rates of reoffending than inmates who did NOT reside in ISUs.
D) Inmates who resided in ISUs have lower rates of subsequent substance abuse than inmates who did NOT reside in ISUs.

Question 22

What strategies are in place when an inmate's mother arrives for a family visit, her belongings are searched by correctional officers, and a drug dog sniffs her body?

A) security strategies
B) avoidance strategies
C) prevention strategies
D) interdiction strategies

Question 23

What does research evidence reveal about the effectiveness of incarceration?

A) Incarceration is an effective deterrent.
B) To be effective, incarceration must be for a lengthy period of time.
C) Incarceration is more cost-effective than alternatives to confinement.
D) Incarceration is less effective in reducing reoffending than community supervision.

Question 24

Employees at correctional institutions fill numerous positions, roles, and responsibilities. Name five positions and describe their main roles and responsibilities.

Question 25

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a consequence of a woman having consumed alcohol while pregnant, and often results in irreversible brain damage to the fetus. Describe the symptoms of FASD and the implications when an inmate who has FASD is housed in a correctional facility.