Deck 25: Drugs of Abuse

Question 1

The reinforcement of drug use is partly determined by the peak rate of release of which neurotransmitter in the nucleus accumbens?

A) serotonin
B) norepinephrine
C) dopamine
D) glutamate
E) acetylcholine

Answer 1

dopamine

Question 2

The neuronal effects of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol are believed to result from activation of receptors that are coupled with which cellular effect?

A) sodium channel activation
B) calcium channel activation
C) inhibition of adenylyl cyclase
D) inhibition of guanylyl cyclase
E) synthesis of inositol triphosphate

Answer 2

inhibition of adenylyl cyclase

Question 3

Which mechanism is responsible for the efficacy of fomepizole in treating ethylene glycol poisoning?

A) inactivation
B) inhibition of toxic metabolite formation
C) enhanced excretion
D) accelerated degradation to inactive compounds
E) competitive antagonism of ethylene glycol

Answer 3

inhibition of toxic metabolite formation

Question 4

Which statement most accurately describes prescription drug abuse?

A) a growing problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality
B) incidence has decreased over the past two decades
C) rarely leads to emergency department visits or accidental overdose
D) the leading cause of accidental death in the United States
E) primarily due to overprescribing by physicians and nurse practitioners