Deck 4: The Hosts Encounter With Microbes

Question 1

The ability of an organism to produce a capsule affects its
1) pathogenicity.
2) gene transfer.
3) evasiveness.

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Answer 1

1 and 3

Question 2

Antigen-presenting cells include
1) dendritic cells.
2) macrophages.
3) T lymphocytes

A) 1 and 2
B) 1 and 3
C) 2 and 3
D) 1, 2, and 3

Answer 2

1 and 2

Question 3

The lymphocyte that transforms to produce antibody is called a _____ cell.

A) T
B) B
C) NK
D) NKT

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Prior to invasion of epithelial cells, organisms must be able to

A) achieve an infective dose.
B) adhere to the cells.
C) avoid phagocytosis.
D) produce toxins.

Question 5

Which of the following body systems is rarely infected via the bloodstream?

A) Central nervous
B) Genital
C) Skeletal
D) Urinary

Question 6

Organisms that are able to survive within white blood cells do so by all of the following means except

A) production of opsonins
B) inhibition of WBC granule fusion
C) inactivation of oxidants
D) ability to escape from the phagosome

Question 7

Clostridium spp. cause significant harm to their host due to their ability to

A) build a biofilm.
B) create spores.
C) possess fimbriae and pili.
D) produce exotoxin.

Question 8

You are a bacterium that has been deposited in the environment (e.g., soil). Your best chance of survival would be to

A) build a biofilm.
B) form a spore.
C) produce a slime layer.
D) activate your pathogenicity island.

Question 9

The similarity between flagella and fimbriae is that they both

A) exist on both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
B) allow the organism to adhere.
C) are hair-like.
D) enhance invasiveness.

Question 10

The presence of the structure on this rod-shaped organism, as noted in the image provided, allows it to do all of the following except
Source: CDC and Larry Stauffer, Oregon State Public Health Laboratory

A) demonstrate purposeful movement.
B) avoid phagocytes.
C) deter antibodies and complement.
D) enhance its virulence.

Question 11

Antibodies produced due to infection are considered part of ____________ immunity.

A) adaptive
B) innate
C) nonspecific
D) natural

Question 12

The active movement of white blood cells toward an infectious microbe is due to

A) by-products produced by the organism.
B) substances released by mast cells.
C) the presence of cytokines.
D) all of the above.
E) Both b and c.

Question 13

The movement of white blood cells from the circulatory system to the tissue is known as

A) opsonization.
B) diapedesis.
C) zipper phagocytosis.
D) membrane ruffling.

Question 14

Which of the following cells are considered the primary phagocytes?

A) Neutrophils
B) Macrophages
C) Lymphocytes
D) a and b
E) all of the above

Question 15

Which of the following can act as an opsonin for white blood cells?

A) Capsule
B) Antibodies
C) Pili
D) All of the above
E) a and c

Question 16

During the inflammatory response, swelling is due to

A) the accumulation of white blood cells.
B) the accumulation of red blood cells.
C) release of plasma from the vessels.
D) biochemical activity of microorganisms.

Question 17

Place the steps of the adaptive immune response in order.
1) Antibodies are produced.
2) Macrophages present the MCH I molecule and foreign antigen.
3) T lymphocytes are stimulated.
4) B lymphocytes are stimulated.

A) 2,4,3,1
B) 2,3,4,1
C) 2,1,3,4
D) 3,4,2,1

Question 18

The immunoglobulin that has the capacity to bind the most available antigen is

A) IgA
B) IgD
C) IgG
D) IgM

Question 19

Antibodies function by

A) marking organisms for destruction.
B) causing apoptosis.
C) stimulating B lymphocyte production.
D) releasing cytokines.

Question 20

The complement system plays a role in all of the following except

A) inflammation.
B) opsonization.
C) quorum sensing.
D) membrane attack complexes.