Deck 39: Quantum Structure of Atoms, Molecules, and Solids

Question 1

According to wave mechanics, when the principal quantum number is 2, the maximum value of the magnitude of the angular momentum is

A) zero.
B) $h$
C) $\sqrt { 2 } h$
D) $\sqrt { 6 } h$

Answer 1

$\sqrt { 2 } h$

Question 2

Quantum mechanically, when the principal quantum number is 4, the number of permitted values of $l$ is

A) 3
B) 4
C) 7
D) 9

Answer 2

4

Question 3

Quantum mechanically, when $l$ = 4, the number of permitted values of m is

A) 3
B) 4
C) 7
D) 9

Answer 3

9

Question 4

If the principal quantum number's value is n = 3, the value of m that is not allowed is

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) Hold on. All of the above values are allowed.

Question 5

If $l$ = 3, the value for n that is not permitted is

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) Hold on. All of the above values are allowed.

Question 6

Given that n = 2 for an electron configuration, the following stationary state is not permitted:

A) n = 2, $l$ = 2, m = 1.
B) n = 2, $l$ = 1, m = 0.
C) n = 2, $l$ = 1, m = 1.
D) Hold on. All of the above states are permitted.

Question 7

The principal quantum number, n, characterizes the

A) magnitude of the angular momentum.
B) z component of the angular momentum.
C) overall size of the trajectory.
D) Hold on. The principal quantum number contains information about each of these quantities.

Question 8

For the angular momentum vector corresponding to the quantum number $l$ = 3, the angle between the z axis when m = 2 is

A) 55°.
B) 45°.
C) 35°.
D) 25°.

Question 9

The energy of the stationary states of the hydrogen atom primarily depends on

A) the quantum number n.
B) the quantum number $l$
C) the quantum number m.
D) the quantum number m_s.

Question 10

The magnetic quantum number, m, can be related to

A) the total energy of the state.
B) the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum.
C) the z component of the orbital angular momentum.
D) the z component of the spin angular momentum.

Question 11

Observed similarities of the chemical properties in the elements listed in each column of the periodic table are due to

A) the similarity in the electron configurations.
B) the same z component of the orbital angular momentum.
C) the same value of n for these elements.
D) Hold on. All of the above answers are correct.

Question 12

The Exclusion Principle states that

A) no two quantum numbers can have the same value.
B) each stationary state consists of the quantum numbers n, l, m, and m_s.
C) each stationary state of quantum numbers n, l, and m can be occupied by no more than two electrons.
D) each stationary state of quantum numbers n, l, m, and m_s can be occupied by no more than two electrons.

Question 13

Each stationary state designated by a set of quantum numbers n, $l$ , m, m_s can be occupied by only

A) one electron.
B) two electrons.
C) a set of electrons, the number of which depends on the quantum numbers.
D) Hold on. None of the above answers is correct.

Question 14

The ionization energy for the hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. The wavelength of the photon emitted when the hydrogen makes a transition from n = 3 to n = 1 is

A) 137 nm.
B) 121 nm.
C) 103 nm.
D) 97 nm.
E) 91 nm.

Question 15

The number of atomic states with principal quantum number n less than or equal to 4 is

A) 16
B) 32
C) 60
D) 64

Question 16

The number of atomic states with principal quantum number n equal to 4 is

A) 16
B) 32
C) 60
D) 64

Question 17

The energy of a photon emitted from the n = 3 to the n = 1 state from a singly ionized helium atom is

A) 37.4 eV.
B) 48.8 eV.
C) 54.4 eV.
D) 60.5 eV.

Question 18

The energy required to remove the second electron from a singly ionized helium atom is

A) 13.6 eV.
B) 27.2 eV.
C) 40.8 eV.
D) 54.4 eV.

Question 19

The minimum amount of energy that an incident electron on potassium (Z = 19) must have to eject a K shell electron is

A) 0.24 keV.
B) 0.26 keV.
C) 4.4 keV.
D) 4.9 keV.

Question 20

The Exclusion Principle was first stated by

A) Bohr.
B) Einstein.
C) Heisenberg.
D) Pauli.

Question 21

The rotational energy level of the HCl molecule is $4.14 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$ when J = 1. The amount of energy it must absorb to go to level J = 3 is

A) $4.14 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$
B) $8.28 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$
C) $12.4 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$
D) $20.7 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$
E) $37.3 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$

Question 22

The rotational energy level of a molecule is $8.5 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$ when J = 1. The moment of inertia of the molecule is ( $h = 1.054 \times 10 ^ { - 34 } \mathrm {~J} \cdot \mathrm { s }$ )

A) $1.0 \times 10 ^ { - 47 } \mathrm {~kg} \cdot \mathrm { m } ^ { 2 }$
B) $$1.3 \times 10 ^ { - 47 } \mathrm {~kg} \cdot \mathrm { m } ^ { 2 }$$
C) $2.3 \times 10 ^ { - 47 } \mathrm {~kg} \cdot \mathrm { m } ^ { 2 }$
D) $4.3 \times 10 ^ { - 47 } \mathrm {~kg} \cdot \mathrm { m } ^ { 2 }$

Question 23

The rotational energy level of a molecule is $8.5 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$ when J = 1. The rotational energy of this molecule when J = 0 is

A) zero.
B) $4.3 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$
C) $8.5 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$
D) $17 \times 10 ^ { - 22 } \mathrm {~J}$

Question 24

The bond formed when an electron moves from one atom to another is usually

A) ionic.
B) covalent.
C) hydrogen.
D) metallic.

Question 25

The bond formed when an electron is shared between two atoms is usually

A) ionic.
B) covalent.
C) hydrogen.
D) metallic.

Question 26

The molecular transitions, from the highest magnitude in energy to the lowest, are

A) electronic, rotational, and vibrational.
B) electronic, vibrational, and rotational.
C) vibrational, electronic, and rotational.
D) rotational, vibrational, and electronic.

Question 27

An ensemble of excited atoms emits light at a wavelength of 496 nm. The energy difference between the two energy levels involved in the emission of the light is

A) 1.0 eV.
B) 1.5 eV.
C) 2.0 eV.
D) 2.5 eV.

Question 28

For a particular molecule the vibrational energy levels are spaced 0.15 eV apart. The wavelength emitted during a transition from one level to a lower level is

A) $6.5 \mu \mathrm { m }$
B) $8.3 \mu \mathrm { m }$
C) $65 \mathrm {~nm}$
D) $83 \mathrm {~nm}$

Question 29

An oscillating diatomic molecule can be modeled as a massless spring with force constant k that is connecting two pointlike masses that can be represented by a reduced mass $\mu$ . For a particular molecule the reduced mass is $1.5 \times 10 ^ { - 26 } \mathrm {~kg}$ , and the vibrational energy levels are spaced 0.15 eV apart. The effective force constant of the chemical bond is

A) 120 N/m.
B) 480 N/m.
C) 780 N/m.
D) 1200 N/m.

Question 30

The measured vibrational frequency for a molecule is $3.5 \times 10 ^ { 13 } \mathrm {~Hz}$ . The energy difference between the vibrational states in the molecule is

A) 0.070 eV.
B) 0.14 eV.
C) 0.21 eV.
D) 0.28 eV.

Question 31

The energy bands are completely filled in

A) a conductor.
B) an insulator.
C) semiconductors at room temperature.
D) both insulators and cold semiconductors.

Question 32

The highest occupied energy band in a conductor

A) is completely filled with electrons.
B) is completely filled with holes.
C) is partially filled with electrons.
D) cannot respond to external electric fields.

Question 33

The uppermost full energy band is the

A) valence band.
B) conduction band.
C) transition band.
D) Hold on. All of the above answers are correct.

Question 34

A p-type semiconductor is created by inserting

A) donor impurities into the lattice of a pure semiconductor.
B) acceptor impurities into the lattice of a pure semiconductor.
C) both acceptor and donor impurities into a lattice of a semiconductor.
D) Hold on. None of the above answers is correct.

Question 35

A n-type semiconductor is created by inserting

A) donor impurities into the lattice of a pure semiconductor.
B) acceptor impurities into the lattice of a pure semiconductor.
C) both acceptor and donor impurities into a lattice of a semiconductor.
D) Hold on. None of the above answers is correct.

Question 36

The resistivity of a pure semiconductor

A) increases with an increase in temperature.
B) increases with a decrease in temperature.
C) is constant over a wide range of temperatures.
D) is zero at room temperature.

Question 37

In a p-type semiconductor

A) the majority charge carriers are produced by donor impurities.
B) the majority charge carriers are produced by acceptor impurities.
C) there are equal numbers of donor and acceptor impurities.
D) no charge carriers present.

Question 38

The energy band in which free electrons reside in a semiconductor is the

A) first band.
B) second band.
C) conduction band.
D) valence band.

Question 39

An energy gap between the valence band and the conduction band is 3.5 eV in a particular solid. The maximum wavelength of a photon that can excite a transition from the top of the valence band to the conduction band is

A) 68 nm.
B) 125 nm.
C) 255 nm.
D) 354 nm.

Question 40

Electron-hole pairs are produced by

A) thermal energy.
B) doping with an acceptor impurity.
C) doping with a donor impurity.
D) recombination.

Question 41

The term bias refers to the

A) ratio of the n-type to p-type material in the device.
B) amount of current the device is passing.
C) DC voltage applied to the device.
D) Hold on. None of the above answers is correct.

Question 42

A diode is operated in the forward-biased mode. An increase in the bias voltage will

A) increase the current through the device.
B) decrease the current through the device.
C) produce no appreciable change in the current through the device because the current is for all practical purposes zero.
D) produce no appreciable change in the current through the device.

Question 43

A diode is operated in the reversed-biased mode. An increase in the bias voltage will

A) increase the voltage across the device.
B) decrease the voltage across the device.
C) produce no appreciable change in the voltage across the device because the current is for all practical purposes zero.
D) produce no appreciable change in the voltage across the device.

Question 44

A diode and a 100- $\Omega$ resistor are connected in series with a 5.0-V power supply. The diode is connected so that it is reversed-biased. The voltage drop across the diode is

A) zero.
B) 0.60 V.
C) 4.4 V.
D) 5.0 V.

Question 45

A diode and a 100- $\Omega$ resistor are connected in series with a 5.0-V power supply. The diode is connected so that it is reverse-biased. The voltage drop across the resistor is

A) zero.
B) 0.60 V.
C) 4.4 V.
D) 5.0 V.

Question 46

A diode and a 100- $\Omega$ resistor are connected in series with a 5.0-V power supply. The diode is connected so that it is forward-biased. The voltage drop across the resistor is

A) zero.
B) 0.60 V.
C) 4.4 V.
D) 5.0 V.

Question 47

A diode and a 100- $\Omega$ resistor are connected in series with a 5.0-V power supply. The diode is connected so that it is forward-biased. The voltage drop across the diode is

A) zero.
B) 0.60 V.
C) 4.4 V.
D) 5.0 V.

Question 48

A diode and a 100- $\Omega$ resistor are connected in series with a 5.0-V power supply. The diode is connected so that it is forward-biased. The current through the circuit is

A) zero.
B) 12 mA.
C) 44 mA.
D) 50 mA.

Question 49

A diode and a 100- $\Omega$ resistor are connected in series with a 5.0-V power supply. The diode is connected so that it is reverse-biased. The current through the circuit is

A) zero.
B) 12 mA.
C) 44 mA.
D) 50 mA.

Question 50

The base of an npn bipolar transistor is made of

A) p-type material.
B) n-type material.
C) both n- and p-type material.
D) pure silicon.

Question 51

A light-emitting diode (LED) emits light

A) when forward-biased.
B) when reverse-biased.
C) only when it switches from forward to reverse bias.
D) continuously regardless of bias.