Deck 22: Toxic Substances

Question 1

THC (?⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol) is the principal active metabolite of which of the following?

A) Benzodiazepine
B) Marijuana
C) Acetaminophen
D) Morphine

Answer 1

Marijuana

Question 2

Urine adulteration test strips are designed to detect which of the following?

A) Bleach
B) Nitrites
C) Creatinine
D) All of the above

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following cytochromes plays a major role in the metabolism of drugs in the liver?

A) Cytochrome P650
B) Cytochrome P490
C) Cytochrome P250
D) Cytochrome P450

Answer 3

Cytochrome P450

Question 4

Levels of 89% carboxyhemoglobin saturation of whole blood are commonly found in which of the following?

A) Fatal carbon monoxide poisoning
B) Nonsmoking residents who live in the country
C) Nonsmoking residents of large cities
D) Cigarette smokers

Question 5

Imiprimine is classified as:

A) Tetracyclic aminoglycosides.
B) Tricyclic antidepressant.
C) An opioid.
D) Antiepileptic.

Question 6

Identification of the urinary metabolite benzoylecgonine would be useful in determining the presence of which of the following compounds?

A) Codeine
B) Cocaine
C) Amphetamine
D) Acetaminophen

Question 7

The toxic effect of acetaminophen overdose is:

A) Cardiac arrest.
B) Hepatocystic necrosis.
C) Renal necrosis.
D) Hypotension.

Question 8

The reason that carbon monoxide is so toxic is because it:

A) Is a protoplasmic poison.
B) Combines with cytochrome oxidase.
C) Has 200-250 times the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin binding sites.
D) Sensitizes the myocardium.

Question 9

Which of the following biological fluids is the specimen of choice for screening and/or analyzing drugs of abuse?

A) Serum
B) Whole blood
C) Urine
D) CSF

Question 10

Possible risks of hepatocellular damage due to toxic blood levels of acetaminophen are evaluated based on blood levels and which of the following?

A) Urine levels
B) Months post ingestion
C) Time (hours) post ingestion
D) Degree of level of consciousness (LOC)

Question 11

Overexposure to compounds such as Marathon, Parathion, Diazinon, Sevin, and Furadan insecticides may prompt a physician to order which of the following tests?

A) Acetaminophen
B) Salicylate
C) Pseudocholinesterase
D) Creatine kinase

Question 12

Ethanol metabolizes to which of the following acids?

A) Formic
B) Acetic
C) Glycolic
D) Hydrochloric

Question 13

Screening methods for drug abuse testing requires which of the following assay characteristics?

A) They must be very specific.
B) They must be analytically sensitive.
C) They must be free of interferences.
D) They must be very accurate.

Question 14

Which of the following proteins is a copper transport protein that migrates in the alpha₂-globulin region?

A) Haptoglobin
B) Hemoglobin
C) Ceruloplasmin
D) Transferrin

Question 15

Chromium in blood binds to which of the following proteins?

A) Chromodulin
B) Chromoglobulin
C) Microalbumin
D) Glucuronide

Question 16

A person with Menke's syndrome will have which of the following laboratory results?

A) Decreased blood arsenic
B) Increased blood zinc
C) Increased blood copper
D) Decreased blood copper

Question 17

Trace metals in biological fluids can be measured using which of the following instrumentation techniques?

A) Reflectometry
B) Enzyme immunoassay
C) Atomic absorption spectrometry
D) Osmometry

Question 18

Aceruoplasminemia is associated with which of the following?

A) Decreased blood ceruloplasmin, increased copper deposition in the liver, and increased zinc deposition in tissues
B) Decreased blood ceruloplasmin, decreased copper deposition in the liver, and increased iron deposition in tissues
C) Increased blood ceruloplasmin, increased copper deposition in the liver, and increased iron deposition in tissues
D) Decreased blood ceruloplasmin, increased copper deposition in the liver, and increased iron deposition in tissues

Question 19

Which of the following sets of laboratory results is associated with Wilson's disease?

A) Decreased plasma copper and plasma ceruloplasmin
B) Decreased plasma copper and increased plasma ceruloplasmin
C) Increased plasma copper and decreased plasma ceruloplasmin
D) Increased plasma copper and increased plasma ceruloplasmin

Question 20

Antimony is used to treat patients with which disorder?

A) Diabetes
B) Pneumonia
C) Schistosomiasis
D) Lupus erythematosus

Question 21

Which of the following substances when ingested can lead to an excessive amount of aluminum in blood and tissue?

A) Antacids and astringents
B) Wine
C) Aspirin
D) Citrus fruit

Question 22

Which of the following statements best defines a metalloenzyme?

A) A trace metal that is associated with an enzyme to serve as an inhibitor of an enzyme reaction
B) A trace metal that is associated with an enzyme to serve as a nonessential component or cofactor
C) A trace metal that is associated with an enzyme to serve as a catalyst for the enzyme reaction
D) A trace metal that is associated with an enzyme to serve as an essential component or cofactor

Question 23

Which of the following metals is an example of a trace metal?

A) Potassium
B) Cobalt
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium

Question 24

Berylliosis in humans affects which of the following organs?

A) Brain
B) Heart
C) Urinary bladder
D) Lungs

Question 25

Which of the following has a large amount of aluminum present?

A) Baking soda
B) Saline
C) Antacids
D) Radiator fluid

Question 26

What is the primary route of exposure in humans to mercury?

A) Inhalation of vapors
B) Contact with the skin of metalal mercury (e.g., mercury containing thermometers)
C) Ingestion of mercury containing medications
D) Direct injection of mercury from contaminated needles

Question 27

Which of the following trace metals is classified as essential?

A) Mercury
B) Silver
C) Chromium
D) Cobalt

Question 28

What is the best test to assess a patient who has been exposed to beryllium?

A) Belgium leukocyte proliferation test (BeLPT)
B) Beryllium leukocyte proliferation test (BeLPT)
C) Beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT)
D) Belgium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT)