Deck 18: Species Richness Patterns

Question 1

Mammal species richness in the U.S. is highest in the

A) Northeast
B) Southeast
C) Northwest
D) Southwest

Answer 1

Southwest

Question 2

Bird species richness is highest in

A) Canada
B) The U.S.
C) Costa Rica

Answer 2

Costa Rica

Question 3

Trees have been present in Britain only for the last _____ years.

A) 1000
B) 5000
C) 13,000
D) 23,000
E) 38,000

Answer 3

13,000

Question 4

The correlation between the numbers of insect species on British tree species and the evolutionary age of these trees in Britain supports which hypothesis?

A) Species area
B) Species time
C) Species energy
D) Intermediate disturbance
E) Natural enemies

Question 5

Which evidence supports the species energy hypothesis to explain polar-equatorial gradients in species richness?

A) Lake Baikal contains more species of benthic invertebrates than Great Slave Lake
B) There is a strong polar-equatorial gradient in marine species richness
C) Disturbed areas support more species than undisturbed areas
D) Tropical areas have a greater land mass than temperate areas
E) The greatest number of tree species in the U.S. are in the hot, moist southeast

Question 6

Tree species richness is greatest in temperate

A) North America
B) Eastern Asia
C) Europe
D) Richness is equal in all these areas

Question 7

Disturbances can affect species diversity. Maximal species diversity is often found after _________ sized disturbances.

A) No
B) Small
C) Intermediate
D) Large

Question 8

Which of the following species was the competitive dominant on the rocky shores of Washington State and which was preyed on most by Pisaster starfish?

A) Chitons
B) Mussels
C) Barnacles
D) Whelks
E) Bivalves

Question 9

Many factors affect species richness. At what scale are predation and other biotic invertebrates most important?

A) Continent
B) Region
C) Local population
D) Landscape
E) Realm

Question 10

The guild of insects attacking bracken fern varies remarkably across the globe. Which of the following statements is true?

A) Beetle richness increases as fly richness decreases
B) Butterfly and moth richness decreases as wasp diversity increases
C) The numbers of species of all taxa is much higher in the tropics than in temperate areas
D) The number of species of all taxa is lowest in New Guinea
E) There is no evidence of complimentary taxonomic changes in guild formation from one area to another

Question 11

Which of the following methods of targeting areas for conservation targets the number of endemic species?

A) Megadiversity
B) Crisis ecoregions
C) Biodiversity hotspots
D) Hyperendemicism
E) Last of the wild

Question 12

Just 17 countries are home to nearly 80% of all known species. Such countries are known as _______________ countries.

A) Megadiversity
B) Endemic
C) Crisis ecoregion
D) Last of the wild
E) Metadiversity

Question 13

Which of the following biodiversity hot spots contains most plant species?

A) Tropical Andes
B) Madagascar
C) Philippines
D) Caribbean
E) Indo-Burma

Question 14

34 "hot spots" on Earth, occupying only 2-3% of the Earth's surface, contain what percent of the world's total of endemic plant species?

A) 20
B) 50
C) 75
D) 80
E) 95

Question 15

The idea that society should protect representatives of major habitats under severe threat is known as

A) Megadiversity hot spots
B) Endemic ecoregions
C) Crisis ecoregions
D) Call of the wild
E) Last of the wild

Question 16

The conservation strategy that protects low vulnerability areas and areas of low irreplacibility is known as

A) Megadiversity countries
B) Biodiversity hot spots
C) Endemic areas
D) Last of the wild
E) Crisis ecoregions

Question 17

The peninsular effect increases species richness on peninsulas.

Question 18

Climate change may change the number of individuals of many different species present in a community but is unlikely to change the number of species present.

Question 19

An increase in the amount of winter rain in California would increase biodiversity.

Question 20

Climatically similar areas in different parts of the world always have the same number of species.