Deck 7: Nutrients

Question 1

In addition to hydrogen, carbon and oxygen, the elements required in the greatest amount by most living things are:

A) Potassium, nitrogen, and sulfur
B) Sulfur, potassium, and calcium
C) Calcium, magnesium, and iron
D) Iron, sodium, and chlorine
E) Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium

Answer 1

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium

Question 2

The large carbon mass of plants and animals is supplied by:

A) Soil
B) Freshwater
C) Air
D) Lightning strikes
E) Saltwater

Answer 2

Air

Question 3

Finely ground organic material in the soil is known as:

A) Topsoil
B) Humus
C) The zone of eluviation
D) The zone of deposition
E) The C horizon

Answer 3

Humus

Question 4

Clay soils have a large cation exchange capacity and can store large amounts of:

A) chloride.
B) phosphate.
C) potassium.
D) nitrate.
E) oxide.

Question 5

From top to bottom the soil horizons in typical soil are:

A) B,O,A,C
B) C,A,B,O
C) O,A,B,C
D) A,B,C,D
E) D,C,A,O

Question 6

To be useful to plants soil nitrogen must usually occur as:

A) N₂ and NH₃
B) NH₃ and NO₃^-
C) NO₃^- and N₂
D) N₂ and NO₂
E) NO₂ and NO₃^-

Question 7

Cyanobacteria accomplish nitrogen fixation in special thick walled cells known as:

A) Akinetes
B) Endospores
C) Heterocysts
D) Nodules
E) Nitrogenase

Question 8

Which of the following is not a carnivorous plant?

A) Sundew
B) Pitcher plant
C) Salt marsh cordgrass
D) Venus fly trap
E) Drosera

Question 9

Carnivory in plants is thought to be an adaptation to compensate for low levels of which soil nutrient?

A) carbon
B) sulfur
C) potassium
D) phosphorus.
E) nitrogen.

Question 10

How many amino acids exist in the bodies of all animals?

A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 20
E) 25

Question 11

The most common nutrients in soil are?

A) oxygen and silicon.
B) silicon and aluminum.
C) aluminum and iron
D) iron and carbon.
E) carbon and oxygen.

Question 12

The restoration of polluted areas using living things is known as:

A) Bioremediation
B) Phytoremediation
C) Hyperaccumulation
D) Hypoaccumulation
E) Biophosphorolation

Question 13

Some CAM plants can switch between C₃ and CAM photosynthesis when conditions are favorable. When is that likely to be?

A) when abundant water is available.
B) when conditions become arid.
C) when light becomes limiting.
D) when nutrients become limiting.
E) when light is abundant.

Question 14

In most aquatic environments, light will not penetrate further than which depth? Pick the minimum.

A) 10m
B) 50m
C) 100m
D) 500m
E) 1000m

Question 15

Species which require oxygen to live are known as:

A) Obligate aerobes
B) Facultative aerobes
C) Obligate anaerobes
D) Facultative anaerobes

Question 16

In Denver, elevation 1700m, atmospheric pressure is about ______ mmHg, compared to the normal sea level value of 760 mmHg.

A) 720
B) 640
C) 560
D) 480
E) 800

Question 17

Which adaptations do llamas possess to enable them to live at higher elevation?

A) Smaller hearts
B) Bigger lungs
C) Lower numbers of red blood cells per unit volume of blood
D) Both a and b
E) Both b and c

Question 18

Oxygen solubility in freshwater lakes is affected by:

A) Elevation and solutes
B) Solutes and pH
C) pH and elevation
D) Salinity and elevation
E) pH and salinity

Question 19

The potential fertility of a soil depends on its cation exchange capacity.

Question 20

Herbivores have a relatively short intestine and carnivores have a longer one.

Question 21

The euphotic zone is the zone where light is sufficient to allow photosynthesis to exceed respiration.

Question 22

In Australia, C₄ plants are more common in southerly areas.

Question 23

The older the soil, the ore the nutrients.

Question 24

Diving organisms often have lower numbers of red blood cells.