Deck 5: The Federalist Era: Nationalism Triumphant

Question 1

One example of the inadequacies of the Articles of Confederation was the inability of the United States to

A) prevent English annexation of Florida.
B) force England to withdraw its troops from American soil after the Revolutionary War.
C) force England to abandon military posts it built beyond the boundaries of the original thirteen states.
D) prohibit French settlers from claiming American land in the Ohio River Valley.

Answer 1

force England to abandon military posts it built beyond the boundaries of the original thirteen states.

Question 2

The nation which caused a major problem for the new government of the Articles of Confederation when it closed the lower Mississippi River to American commerce was

A) Spain.
B) France.
C) Great Britain.
D) England.

Answer 2

Spain.

Question 3

After the Revolution, the American balance of exports and imports became

A) very unfavorable as British merchants poured low-priced manufactured goods into America.
B) quite unfavorable due to over-expansion and overproduction by American industry.
C) distinctly favorable as the British West Indies were opened to American trade.
D) very favorable as Americans who manufactured low-priced goods flooded the European economy.

Answer 3

very unfavorable as British merchants poured low-priced manufactured goods into America.

Question 4

Under the Articles of Confederation there was a failed attempt to raise revenue and pressure the British by a(n)

A) tariff.
B) income tax.
C) quitrent.
D) foreign property tax.

Question 5

In 1786 Massachusetts debtor farmers rebelled against the state government and were defeated in battle. This was ________ Rebellion.

A) Bacon's
B) Leisler's
C) Paxton's
D) Shays's

Question 6

Which of the following statements about Shays's Rebellion is true?

A) Citizens of other states were generally indifferent to it.
B) The central government effectively aided Massachusetts in quelling the rebellion.
C) Many leaders, such as Washington, concluded that the central government must be strengthened.
D) Most of the rebels were unemployed shipyard workers, frustrated by the depression of the 1780s.

Question 7

It was difficult to amend the Articles of Confederation because amendments had to be approved by

A) unanimous consent of members of Congress.
B) legislatures in three-fourths of the states.
C) specially elected conventions in nine of the thirteen states.
D) unanimous consent of the states.

Question 8

When the Annapolis meeting of 1786, which was called to discuss commercial problems, seemed about to fail, ________ proposed a convention in Philadelphia to deal with constitutional reform.

A) James Madison
B) Alexander Hamilton
C) George Washington
D) Thomas Jefferson

Question 9

The model for many of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention was the

A) British Parliament.
B) French Estates General.
C) Athenian democracy.
D) Roman republic.

Question 10

The Great Compromise settled the issue of representation in Congress by allowing

A) each state two Senators and a number of Representatives that depended on its population.
B) the large states to control the Senate and small states to control the House of Representatives.
C) the state legislatures to choose both houses of Congress.
D) the voters to elect both houses of Congress.

Question 11

The principle of the Three-Fifths Compromise was that

A) amendments could be made in the Constitution with the consent of three-fifths of the states.
B) three-fifths of the members of the House and of the Senate needed to approve all important bills in Congress.
C) treaties could be ratified only by a three-fifths majority of the Senators.
D) three-fifths of the slaves would be counted in determining each state's representation and share of direct federal taxes.

Question 12

The final form of the Constitution was decided by

A) James Madison's unwillingness to compromise on any issues.
B) the give-and-take of practical compromise.
C) an alliance of the large, northern states.
D) a small group of Southerners dedicated to protecting slavery.

Question 13

It was the intention of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention that

A) the president would be elected directly by the citizenry.
B) the House of Representatives would elect the president because of the effect of the cumbersome Electoral College method.
C) members of the Electoral College would directly elect the president.
D) the Senate would make nominations and that the House would choose and appoint the president.

Question 14

The most drastic departure from past experience under the new constitution was the creation of a

A) directly elected Senate.
B) national legislature.
C) powerful presidency.
D) directly elected House of Representatives.

Question 15

The president's veto power and the impeachment power of Congress are both examples of

A) substantive due process.
B) executive privilege.
C) procedural due process.
D) checks and balances.

Question 16

The procedure specified for ratifying the Constitution

A) depended upon approval of the Constitution by the legislatures of the various states.
B) depended upon approval of the Constitution by special conventions in the various states.
C) was immediately followed by all 13 states.
D) required majority approval in the first national election.

Question 17

The map "Ratification of the Federal Constitution 1787-1790" neither totally confirms nor totally refutes the view that those who favored the Constitution tended to live in

A) more prosperous coastal regions.
B) less settled areas.
C) backwoods regions.
D) less prosperous areas.

Question 18

Which of the following was fearful of the Constitution believing that it "squints toward monarchy"?

A) John Jay
B) Gouverneur Morris
C) Patrick Henry
D) Samuel Adams

Question 19

Much Anti-Federalist opposition to the Constitution disappeared when

A) the Federalists promised amendments to guarantee the civil liberties of the people.
B) it became obvious that the constitution would be adopted over their objections.
C) Alexander Hamilton threatened to impose an even stronger national government with the assistance of the army.
D) it was agreed that an Anti-Federalist would be chosen vice-president.

Question 20

During the ratification of the Constitution, the bitter disputes in ________ led to the writing of the Federalist Papers.

A) Maryland
B) Virginia
C) Massachusetts
D) New York

Question 21

As president, George Washington

A) aggressively led the Federalist party in election campaigns.
B) used his "State of the Union" addresses to advocate legislation.
C) was careful not to exceed the powers given him by the Constitution.
D) was not concerned about establishing precedents.

Question 22

The Bill of Rights guaranteed that Congress would not interfere with the right(s) to

A) freedom of speech, press, and religion.
B) a two party political system.
C) own slaves.
D) vote for all adult males.

Question 23

The purpose of the ________ Amendment to the Constitution was to mollify those who feared the states would be destroyed by the new government.

A) First
B) Fourth
C) Seventh
D) Tenth

Question 24

Alexander Hamilton believed that the United States needed a

A) completely unregulated economy.
B) strong national government.
C) political democracy with no restrictions on voting and office holding.
D) weak national government.

Question 25

Alexander Hamilton's Report on Public Credit presented a plan deliberately intended to

A) give a special advantage to the rich and thus win their support.
B) penalize speculation in government securities.
C) aid veterans of the Revolution in financing land purchases.
D) provide help to debtor farmers.

Question 26

To secure approval for federal assumption of state debts, Alexander Hamilton promised to

A) locate the nation's permanent capital on the Potomac River.
B) repay the southern states which had already paid off much of their debt.
C) withdraw his proposal for a Bank of the United States.
D) support funds to promote southern manufacturing.

Question 27

________ advocated a "loose" interpretation of the "necessary and proper" clause to support the creation of a national bank.

A) Thomas Jefferson
B) Patrick Henry
C) James Madison
D) Alexander Hamilton

Question 28

Congress will "take possession of a boundless field of power, no longer susceptible to any definition" if the "necessary and proper clause" is not literally interpreted. This was the sentiment of

A) Alexander Hamilton, favoring the Bill of Rights.
B) Thomas Jefferson, opposing the National Bank.
C) Alexander Hamilton, favoring the National Bank.
D) Thomas Jefferson, opposing the Bill of Rights.

Question 29

The author of the Report on Manufactures, which was a bold call for national economic planning, was

A) Thomas Jefferson.
B) James Madison.
C) Alexander Hamilton.
D) Patrick Henry.

Question 30

Which of the following committed the United States to be "friendly and impartial" in the wars that raged in Europe in the late 1800s?

A) Jefferson's Embargo Declaration, 1807
B) the Treaty of Alliance between France and the United States, 1778
C) Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality, 1793
D) the Treaty between the United States and Prussia, 1785

Question 31

The conduct of "Citizen" Genet was unacceptable to the American government because he was

A) working to overthrow Washington's administration.
B) licensing American vessels as privateers against British shipping.
C) involved in political intrigues with Governor Clinton of New York.
D) trying to enlist Americans to fight against Napoleon.

Question 32

After Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality in 1793, France

A) and England each respected American shipping with the other.
B) threatened to declare war unless America honored her treaty obligations.
C) attacked American shipping, as did England, despite American neutrality.
D) respected America's freedom to trade, but England attacked all American shipping.

Question 33

Concerning the birth of political parties in America, which of the following is the correct connection?

A) Republicans: George Washington
B) Federalists: James Monroe
C) Republicans: Alexander Hamilton
D) Republicans: Thomas Jefferson

Question 34

The French Revolution and the ensuing war between France and Great Britain tended to

A) widen the split between American political parties.
B) unite all political parties to oppose the principles of the French Revolution.
C) undermine America's close relationship with England.
D) unite all political parties to support the principles of the French Revolution.

Question 35

When confronted by the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794, Washington

A) lacked the power to suppress it.
B) suppressed it peacefully with a tremendous show of force.
C) ignored it until it died out.
D) met with the leaders to discuss their problems.

Question 36

In the early 1790s General Anthony Wayne's decisive defeat of the Native Americans in Ohio in the Battle of ________ opened that territory to settlement.

A) Tippecanoe
B) Murfreesboro
C) Fallen Timbers
D) Cowpens

Question 37

Under Jay's Treaty, ________ agreed to abandon its military posts in the American Northwest.

A) France
B) Holland
C) Spain
D) Great Britain

Question 38

In his "Farewell Address," George Washington indicated his

A) support of northern commercial interests.
B) belief that political parties were harmful and divisive.
C) willingness to run for a third term if nominated.
D) support for a military alliance with England.

Question 39

"Against the insidious wiles of foreign influence, the jealousy of a free people ought to be constantly awake." This warning came from

A) George Washington's "Farewell Address."
B) Alexander Hamilton's Report on Manufactures.
C) John Taylor of Caroline's An Inquiry Into the Principles and Policy of the Government of the United States.
D) John Adams's A Defense of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America.

Question 40

In the election of 1796, when John Adams was chosen president, ________ was elected as his vice president.

A) Thomas Pinckney
B) Thomas Jefferson
C) Alexander Hamilton
D) John Jay

Question 41

The French demand in 1797-1798 for a bribe as a precondition to negotiations with America was called the

A) Lyon-Griswold Tangle.
B) Berlin Decree.
C) XYZ Affair.
D) ABC Affair.

Question 42

The XYZ Affair resulted in

A) the creation of a Navy department and military appropriations to pursue the Federalist demands for war with France.
B) France unilaterally ending the alliance of 1778 with America.
C) France securing an alliance by bribing the American negotiators.
D) the creation of a permanent standing army with military appropriations to pursue the Republican demands for war with England.

Question 43

The repressive measures which the Federalists passed primarily to smash their Republican opponents were the

A) Judiciary Acts of 1801.
B) Militia and Quartering Acts.
C) Alien and Sedition Acts.
D) Kentucky and Virginia Resolves.

Question 44

James Madison responded to the Alien and Sedition Acts by

A) condemning them because they assumed that elected officials were the masters rather than the servants of the people.
B) vigorously prosecuting alien critics of the government.
C) intentionally violating the Sedition Act to test its constitutionality before the Supreme Court.
D) organizing Republicans in Congress to block any Federalist measures until these acts were repealed.

Question 45

According to the Kentucky and Virginia Resolves, a law of Congress could be declared unconstitutional by

A) the president.
B) constitutional conventions in two-thirds of the states.
C) one-third of the states acting in common.
D) an individual state.

Question 46

When the French indicated a willingness to reopen the negotiations that had been disrupted by the XYZ Affair, President Adams responded by

A) demanding conquest of the remaining Spanish colonies in North and South America.
B) pursuing a policy of international peace, despite Federalist demands for war.
C) playing upon French fears by discussing an alliance with England.
D) disregarding the French overtures because the Federalists had turned American hostility toward the French against the Republicans also.

Question 47

According to your text, one of the fundamental points on which delegates to the Constitutional convention agreed was that no group in society, no matter how numerous, should have unrestricted authority.

Question 48

At the outset of the Constitutional convention the delegates decided they would follow their original instructions just to revise the Articles of Confederation.

Question 49

James Madison drafted the Virginia Plan, which favored the interests of the small states.

Question 50

The Federalists tended to be people who were active in commerce and were well-to-do.

Question 51

From 1790 to 1792, the forces of the Miami chief Little Turtle suffered a series of crushing defeats at the hands of the American army in Florida.

Question 52

A major reason why American politics were so bitter right after the Revolution is the personal basis of the parties and their controversies.

Question 53

The map "The United States and Its Territories, 1787-1802" shows that Florida was controlled by Spain.

Question 54

Spain agreed to allow Americans free navigation of the Mississippi River in Jay's Treaty.

Question 55

In his "Farewell Address," George Washington urged America to have "temporary" alliances rather than "permanent" alliances with foreign powers.

Question 56

Supporters of Alexander Hamilton were the people most frequently prosecuted under the Alien and Sedition Acts.

Question 57

Describe the events and trends that led many Americans by 1787 to favor revising the Articles of Confederation.

Question 58

Summarize the major assumptions shared by most of the members of the Constitutional convention. Explain the major disagreements during the convention. How were those disagreements settled?

Question 59

Describe the process of ratifying the Constitution. Compare and contrast the views of those who favored and those who opposed its ratification.

Question 60

Describe the establishment of the new American government under George Washington's administration. What were the major problems faced by his administration and how did it deal with them?

Question 61

Describe the origin of political parties in America and their major conflicts up to 1800.

Question 62

What is the definition of the following key term:
-Federalist Papers :

Question 63

What is the definition of the following key term:
-Great Compromise:

Question 64

What is the definition of the following key term:
-Jay's Treaty:

Question 65

What is the definition of the following key term:
-New Jersey Plan :

Question 66

What is the definition of the following key term:
-Virginia Plan :